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Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde Üçüncü Basamak Bir Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine Kabul Edilen Hastaların Özellikleri ve Sonuçları

Year 2024, , 193 - 200, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.46871/eams.1524019

Abstract

Giriş
Gelişmiş ülkelerde çocuk yoğun bakım ünitelerindeki (ÇYBÜ) ölüm oranı %2,39 gibi düşük bir seviyede iken, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde bu oran çok daha yüksektir.
Amaç
Türkiye'nin batı karadeniz bölgesindeki karabük kentinde üçüncü düzey bir çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesi (ÇYBÜ)’ne kabul edilen hastaların demografik ve klinik özeliklerini değerlendirmek.
Yöntemler
Haziran 2023 ve Haziran 2024 tarihleri arasında ÇYBÜ'ne kabul edilen 88 kritik hasta çocuk retrospektif olarak analiz edilmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, kronik hastalık varlığı, ÇYBÜ'ne kabul nedeni, hem yoğun bakım ünitesinde hem de hastanede kalış süresi, yüksek akışlı nazal kanül (HFNC) ihtiyacı ve süresi, invaziv mekanik ventilasyon ihtiyacı ve süresi, beslenme türü, inotropik ilaç ihtiyacı, glasgow koma skalası (GKS), beslenme, nakil olduğu servis, pediatrik mortalite riski (PRISM) skoru ve mortalite oranları değerlendirildi.
Bulgular
Çalışmaya katılan hastaların 43'ü (%48,9) kadındı. Hastaların ortanca yaşı 4,5 yıl [1,0-12,75] idi. Yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış tanılarına göre hastaların 37'sinde (%42,0) solunum sıkıntısı vardı. 24'ünde (%27,3) kronik bir hastalık olduğu görüldü. ÇYBÜ'ye kabul edilen hastaların %19,3'ünde mekanik ventilasyon desteği gerekmiştir ve ortalama mekanik ventilasyon süresi 10,0 [1,5-50,0] gündür. Ayrıca, hastaların %38,6'sı yüksek akımlı nazal kanül oksijen tedavisine ihtiyaç duymuştur. ÇYBÜ'de yatan hastalar arasında yoğun bakım ünitesinde ortalama kalış süresi 4,0 [2,0-6,0] gün ve hastanede ortalama yatış süresi 7,0 [4,0-13,0] gündü. Mortalite görülen grupta GKS skoru anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulundu (p= 0.004). Mortalite görülen hastaların PRISM skorları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0.001).
Sonuç
Bu çalışma, uzamış hastane ve yoğun bakım ünitesi kalış süresi, daha yüksek PRISM skoru, daha düşük GKS skoru ve daha fazla inotropik ajan ihtiyacının daha yüksek mortalite ile ilişkili olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, altta yatan kronik hastalık varlığı mortalite sürecine katkıda bulunmakta ve mortalite ile ilişkili olabilmektedir.

References

  • 1.Downes JJ. The historical evolution, current status, and prospective development of pediatric critical care. Crit Care Clin. 1992;8:1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0704(18)30264-1.
  • 2. Randolph AG, Gonzales CA, Cortellini L, Yeh TS. Growth of pediatric intensive care units in the United States from 1995 to 2001. J Pediatr. 2004;144:792–798.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.019
  • 3. Köroğlu TF, Karaböcüoğlu ÇA, Çıtak A. Pediatric Intensive Care Services in Turkey. Current Status and Recommendations. Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care Association. 2006, İstanbul.
  • 4. Burns J, Sellers D, Meyer E, Lewis- Newby M, Truoq R. Epidemiology of Death in the pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Five U.S. Teaching Hospitals. Crit Care Med. 2014; 42:2101-2108. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000498.
  • 5. Valavi E, Aminzadeh M, Shirvani E, Jaafari L, Madhooshi S. The main causes of mortality in Pediatric Intensive care unit in South West of Iran, Zahedan J Research Med Sci. 2018;20;e 63006. https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms.63006.
  • 6. Shann F, Argent A. Pediatric intensive care in developing countries. in: Fuhrman BP, Zimmerman JJ (eds). Pediatric Critical Care. 3rd edition. Philadelphia; Mosby/Elsevier, 2006.
  • 7. Orhan MF, Yakut İH, İkiz MA. Çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde 2 yıl içinde yatan 938 olgumuzun değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg 2012;6:228-31.
  • 8. Botan E, Gün E, Şden EK, Yöndem C, Gurbanov A, Balaban B, Kahveci F, Özen H, Uçmak H, Gençay AG, Kendirli T. Characteristics and timing of mortality in children dying in pediatric intensive care: a 5-year experience. Acute Crit Care. 2022;37(4):644-653. https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2022.00395.
  • 9. Kanthimathinathan HK, Plunkett A, Scholefield BR, Pearson GA, Morris KP. Trends in long-stay admissions to a UK paediatric intensive care unit. Arch Dis Child. 2020;105(6):558-562. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-317797.
  • 10. Tripathi S, Meixsell LJ, Astle M, Kim M, Kapileshwar Y, Hassan N. A Longer Route to the PICU Can Lead to a Longer Stay in the PICU: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study. J Intensive Care Med. 2022 Jan;37(1):60-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066620969102.
  • 11. Volakli, E.A., Sdougka, M., Drossou-Agakidou, V., Emporiadou, M., Reizoglou, M. and Giala, M. (2012), Short-term and long-term mortality following pediatric intensive care. Pediatrics International, 54: 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442200X.2011.03545.x .
  • 12. Yeğin LN, Sancak Y, Aşut Ç, Gizem Z, Özdel E. Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine Yatan Hastaların Değerlendirilmesi Evaluation Of The Patients Admitted To The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Güncel Pediatri. 2017;15(2):1-10.
  • 13. Musick MA, Loftis LL, Kennedy CE. Comparing Vasoactive-Inotropic Score Reporting Strategies in the PICU Relative to Mortality Risk. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018;19(12):1130-1136. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000001738.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey

Year 2024, , 193 - 200, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.46871/eams.1524019

Abstract

Background
While the mortality rate in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) is as low as 2.39% in developed countries, this rate is much higher in developing countries.
Objective
To evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients admitted to a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Karabuk, Western Black Sea Region of Turkey.
Methods
88 critically ill children who were admitted to the PICU between June 2023 and June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. It were evaluated age, gender, presence of chronic disease, reason for admission to the PICU, length of stay in both the intensive care unit and hospital stay, need and duration of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), need and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, type of nutrition, need for inotropic drugs, the glasgow coma scale (GCS), nutrition, pretransport pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score and mortality rates.

Results
Forty-three (48.9%) of these patients were female. The median age of the patients was 4.5 years [1.0-12.75]. According to the intensive care unit hospitalisation diagnoses, 37 (42.0%) of the patients had respiratory distress at the highest rate.It was observed that 24 (27.3%) of the patients had a chronic disease. Mechanical ventilation support was required in 19.3% of patients admitted to PICU, and the mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 10.0 [1.5-50.0] days. Moreover, 38.6% of patients required high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy. Among patients hospitalized in PICU, the median length of stay in the intensive care unit was 4.0 [2.0-6.0] days and the median length of hospitalization was 7.0 [4.0-13.0] days. GCS score was found to be significantly lower in the group with mortality (p= 0.004). PRISM scores of patients with mortality were found to be statistically significantly higher (p<0.001).

Conclusions
The study revealed that prolonged hospital and intensive care unit stay, higher PRISM score, lower GCS score and the requirement for more inotropic agents might be associated with higher mortality. In addition, the presence of underlying chronic disease contributes to the mortality process and might be associated with mortality.

References

  • 1.Downes JJ. The historical evolution, current status, and prospective development of pediatric critical care. Crit Care Clin. 1992;8:1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0704(18)30264-1.
  • 2. Randolph AG, Gonzales CA, Cortellini L, Yeh TS. Growth of pediatric intensive care units in the United States from 1995 to 2001. J Pediatr. 2004;144:792–798.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.019
  • 3. Köroğlu TF, Karaböcüoğlu ÇA, Çıtak A. Pediatric Intensive Care Services in Turkey. Current Status and Recommendations. Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care Association. 2006, İstanbul.
  • 4. Burns J, Sellers D, Meyer E, Lewis- Newby M, Truoq R. Epidemiology of Death in the pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Five U.S. Teaching Hospitals. Crit Care Med. 2014; 42:2101-2108. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000000498.
  • 5. Valavi E, Aminzadeh M, Shirvani E, Jaafari L, Madhooshi S. The main causes of mortality in Pediatric Intensive care unit in South West of Iran, Zahedan J Research Med Sci. 2018;20;e 63006. https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms.63006.
  • 6. Shann F, Argent A. Pediatric intensive care in developing countries. in: Fuhrman BP, Zimmerman JJ (eds). Pediatric Critical Care. 3rd edition. Philadelphia; Mosby/Elsevier, 2006.
  • 7. Orhan MF, Yakut İH, İkiz MA. Çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde 2 yıl içinde yatan 938 olgumuzun değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg 2012;6:228-31.
  • 8. Botan E, Gün E, Şden EK, Yöndem C, Gurbanov A, Balaban B, Kahveci F, Özen H, Uçmak H, Gençay AG, Kendirli T. Characteristics and timing of mortality in children dying in pediatric intensive care: a 5-year experience. Acute Crit Care. 2022;37(4):644-653. https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2022.00395.
  • 9. Kanthimathinathan HK, Plunkett A, Scholefield BR, Pearson GA, Morris KP. Trends in long-stay admissions to a UK paediatric intensive care unit. Arch Dis Child. 2020;105(6):558-562. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-317797.
  • 10. Tripathi S, Meixsell LJ, Astle M, Kim M, Kapileshwar Y, Hassan N. A Longer Route to the PICU Can Lead to a Longer Stay in the PICU: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study. J Intensive Care Med. 2022 Jan;37(1):60-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066620969102.
  • 11. Volakli, E.A., Sdougka, M., Drossou-Agakidou, V., Emporiadou, M., Reizoglou, M. and Giala, M. (2012), Short-term and long-term mortality following pediatric intensive care. Pediatrics International, 54: 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442200X.2011.03545.x .
  • 12. Yeğin LN, Sancak Y, Aşut Ç, Gizem Z, Özdel E. Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine Yatan Hastaların Değerlendirilmesi Evaluation Of The Patients Admitted To The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Güncel Pediatri. 2017;15(2):1-10.
  • 13. Musick MA, Loftis LL, Kennedy CE. Comparing Vasoactive-Inotropic Score Reporting Strategies in the PICU Relative to Mortality Risk. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018;19(12):1130-1136. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000001738.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pediatric Intensive Care
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hamdi Metin 0000-0003-3110-0410

Akın Seçkin 0009-0001-2756-9542

Eylem Sevinç 0000-0003-1778-6559

Early Pub Date November 25, 2024
Publication Date September 30, 2024
Submission Date July 29, 2024
Acceptance Date September 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Vancouver Metin H, Seçkin A, Sevinç E. Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Exp Appl Med Sci. 2024;5(4):193-200.

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