Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Determining the Level of Depression Stigma of University Students: A Descriptive Study

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 35 - 44, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.59312/ebshealth.1462815

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the level of depression stigmatization among university students.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted with 929 university students. Descriptive Information Form and Depression Stigma Scale were used in the study. Mean and standard deviation were used for continuous variables; number and percentage were used for categorical data. The study data were evaluated with Independent t test for variables with two groups and One-Way ANOVA test for variables with more than two groups. Statistical evaluation of the data was performed using SPSS 25.0 Newyork package program.
Results: It was determined that 42.2% of the university students who participated in the study were between 21-22 years of age, 56.6% were female, 21.9% had received psychiatric help at any time in their lives, 6.2% had a psychiatric illness, and 3.8% used a psychiatric drug. The mean total score of the depression stigmatization scale personal stigmatization sub-dimension was 14.52±7.08 and the mean total score of the perceived stigmatization sub-dimension was 20.76±8.88. It was found that female students had lower levels of personal stigmatization and higher levels of perceived stigmatization than male students (p<0.01), fourth grade students had higher levels of perceived stigmatization than other students (p<0.01), and students who received psychiatric help, had psychiatric illness and used psychiatric medication in any period of their lives had lower levels of perceived stigmatization than those who did not (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Examining the stigmatization of depression and its determinants in university students will facilitate the understanding of students' perspectives. In addition, it is thought that the results of this study have an important role in raising awareness about the acceptance of students with depression in society and supporting them to seek professional help

References

  • Abu Ruz M. E., Al-Akash, H. Y., & Jarrah S. (2018). Persistent (Anxiety and depression) affected academic achievement and absenteeism in nursing students. Open Nurs J., 31(12), 171-179.
  • Akhtar, P., Ma, L., Waqas, A., Naveed, S., Li, Y., Rahman, A., & Wang, Y. (2020). Prevalence of depression among university students in low and middle income countries (LMICs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders.; 274,911-919.
  • Boerema, A. M., Zoonen, K. V., Cuijpers, P., Holtmaat, C. J., Mokkink, L. B., Griffiths, K. M., & Kleiboer, A. M. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Dutch Depression Stigma Scale (DSS) and Associations with personal and perceived stigma in a depressed and community sample. PLoS One. 11(8), e0160740. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160740.
  • Busby Grant J., Bruce C. P., & Batterham, P. J. (2016). Predictors of personal, perceived and self-stigma towards anxiety and depression. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci., 25(3), 247-54.
  • Conceição, V., Rothes, I., & Gusmão, R. (2022). The association between stigmatizing attitudes towards depression and help seeking attitudes in college students. PLoS One 18,17(2), e0263622. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263622.
  • Conceição, V., Rothes, I., Severo, M., Griffiths, K., Hegerl, U., & Gusmão, R. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Depression Stigma Scale in the Portuguese population and its association with gender and depressive symptomatology. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 20(1), 42.
  • Conceição, Vd., Rothes, I., & Severo, M. (2020). Previous experience with depression in others and self: a cross-sectional study of the impact on stigma and help-seeking attitudes. medRxiv.. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.02.20086140.
  • Demyttenaere, K., & Van Duppen, Z. (2019). The impact of (the Concept of) Treatment-Resistant Depression: An opinion review. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 22(2), 85-92.
  • Duffy, A., Saunders, K. E. A, Malhi, G. S. et al. (2019). Mental health care for university students: a way forward? Lancet Psychiatry. 6(11), 885-887.
  • Goktas, S., Isıklı, B., Onsuz, M. F., Yenilmez, Ç., & Metintas, S. (2020). Evaluation of Turkish validity and reliability of the Depression Stigma Scale (DSS). Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research. 9(1), 9-15.
  • Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., & Jorm, A. F. (2008). Predictors of depression stigma. BMC psychiatry, 8(1), 1-12.
  • He, H., Wu, Q., Hao, Y., Chen, S., Liu, T., & Liao, Y. (2021). Stigmatizing attitudes toward depression among male and female, medical and non-medical major college students. Frontier Psycholgy. 12, 648059. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2021.648059.
  • Labaka, A., Goñi-Balentziaga, O., Lebeña, A., & Pérez-Tejada, J. (2018). Biological sex differences in depression: A systematic review. Biol Res Nurs. 20(4), 383-392.
  • Matar Boumosleh J. & Jaalouk, D. (2017). Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students- A cross sectional study. PLoS One. 4;12(8), e0182239. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182239.
  • Mofatteh, M. (2020). Risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students. AIMS Public Health. 8(1), 36-65.
  • Moreira, A. R., Oura, M. J, & Santos, P. (2022). Stigma about mental disease in Portuguese medical students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Educ. 21(1), 265.
  • Musa, A., Ashraf, J., Tsai, F. J. et al. (2020). Depression severity and depression stigma among students: A survey of universities in five countries. J Nerv Ment Dis. 208(11), 884-889.
  • Pyne, J. M., Kuc, E. J., Schroeder, P. J., Fortney, J. C., Edlund, M., & Sullivan, G. (2021) Relationship between perceived stigma and depression severity. J Nerv Ment Dis. 192(4), 278–83.
  • Wada, M., Suto, M. J., Lee, M. et al. (2019) University students’ perspectives on mental illness stigma. Mental Health & Prevention. 14, 200159. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MPH.2019.200159.
  • Wong, K. (20169 Gender differences in mental health literacy of university students. Western Undergraduate Psychology Journal, 4(1).
  • Xu, Z., Rusch, N., Huang, F., Kosters, M. (2017). Challenging mental health related stigma in China: systematic review and meta-analysis. I. Interventions among the general public. Psychiatry Res. 255,449–56.
  • Yang, F., Yang, B. X., Stone, T.E., Wang, X. Q., Zhou, Y., Zhang, J., & Jiao, S. F. (2020) Stigma towards depression in a community-based sample in China. Compr Psychiatry, 97, 152152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152152
  • https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression, WHO, date of access:27.07.2022.

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Depresyon Damgalama Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 35 - 44, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.59312/ebshealth.1462815

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon damgalama düzeyinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma 929 üniversite öğrencisiyle gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmada Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Depresyon Damgalama Ölçeği kullanıldı. Sürekli değişkenlere ait verilerde ortalama, standart sapma; kesikli verilerin gösteriminde sayı ve yüzde kullanıldı. Çalışma verileri iki gruplu değişkenler Independent t testiyle, ikiden fazla gruplu değişkenler One-Way ANOVA testi ile değerlendirildi. Verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirilmesi SPSS 25.0 Newyork paket programında yapıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan üniversite öğrencilerinin % 42.2’sinin 21-22 yaşları arasında, %56.6’sının kadın, %21.9’unun hayatının herhangi bir döneminde psikiyatrik yardım aldığı, %6.2’sinin bir psikiyatrik hastalığa sahip olduğu ve %3.8’inin psikiyatrik bir ilaç kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon damgalama ölçeği kişisel damgalama alt boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 14.52±7.08, Algılanan Damgalama Alt Boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 20.76±8.88 bulundu. Kadın öğrencilerin kişisel damgalama düzeyi erkek öğrencilerden daha düşük iken algılanan damgalama düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu (p<0.01), dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin algılanan damgalama düzeyinin diğer öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu (p<0.01), hayatının herhangi bir döneminde psikiyatrik yardım alan, psikiyatrik hastalığa sahip olan ve psikiyatrik ilaç kullanan öğrencilerin algılanan damgalama düzeyininalmayanlara göre daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.01).
Sonuçlar: Üniversite öğrencilerinde depresyona yönelik damgalama ve bunun belirleyicilerinin incelenmesi, öğrencilerin bakış açılarını anlamayı kolaylaştıracaktır. Ayrıca bu araştırmanın sonuçlarının depresyona sahip öğrencilerin toplum içerisinde kabullenilmesinin ve profesyonel yardım aramasına destek olma konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi konusunda önemli rolünün olduğu düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Abu Ruz M. E., Al-Akash, H. Y., & Jarrah S. (2018). Persistent (Anxiety and depression) affected academic achievement and absenteeism in nursing students. Open Nurs J., 31(12), 171-179.
  • Akhtar, P., Ma, L., Waqas, A., Naveed, S., Li, Y., Rahman, A., & Wang, Y. (2020). Prevalence of depression among university students in low and middle income countries (LMICs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders.; 274,911-919.
  • Boerema, A. M., Zoonen, K. V., Cuijpers, P., Holtmaat, C. J., Mokkink, L. B., Griffiths, K. M., & Kleiboer, A. M. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Dutch Depression Stigma Scale (DSS) and Associations with personal and perceived stigma in a depressed and community sample. PLoS One. 11(8), e0160740. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160740.
  • Busby Grant J., Bruce C. P., & Batterham, P. J. (2016). Predictors of personal, perceived and self-stigma towards anxiety and depression. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci., 25(3), 247-54.
  • Conceição, V., Rothes, I., & Gusmão, R. (2022). The association between stigmatizing attitudes towards depression and help seeking attitudes in college students. PLoS One 18,17(2), e0263622. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263622.
  • Conceição, V., Rothes, I., Severo, M., Griffiths, K., Hegerl, U., & Gusmão, R. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Depression Stigma Scale in the Portuguese population and its association with gender and depressive symptomatology. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 20(1), 42.
  • Conceição, Vd., Rothes, I., & Severo, M. (2020). Previous experience with depression in others and self: a cross-sectional study of the impact on stigma and help-seeking attitudes. medRxiv.. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.02.20086140.
  • Demyttenaere, K., & Van Duppen, Z. (2019). The impact of (the Concept of) Treatment-Resistant Depression: An opinion review. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 22(2), 85-92.
  • Duffy, A., Saunders, K. E. A, Malhi, G. S. et al. (2019). Mental health care for university students: a way forward? Lancet Psychiatry. 6(11), 885-887.
  • Goktas, S., Isıklı, B., Onsuz, M. F., Yenilmez, Ç., & Metintas, S. (2020). Evaluation of Turkish validity and reliability of the Depression Stigma Scale (DSS). Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research. 9(1), 9-15.
  • Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., & Jorm, A. F. (2008). Predictors of depression stigma. BMC psychiatry, 8(1), 1-12.
  • He, H., Wu, Q., Hao, Y., Chen, S., Liu, T., & Liao, Y. (2021). Stigmatizing attitudes toward depression among male and female, medical and non-medical major college students. Frontier Psycholgy. 12, 648059. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2021.648059.
  • Labaka, A., Goñi-Balentziaga, O., Lebeña, A., & Pérez-Tejada, J. (2018). Biological sex differences in depression: A systematic review. Biol Res Nurs. 20(4), 383-392.
  • Matar Boumosleh J. & Jaalouk, D. (2017). Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students- A cross sectional study. PLoS One. 4;12(8), e0182239. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182239.
  • Mofatteh, M. (2020). Risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students. AIMS Public Health. 8(1), 36-65.
  • Moreira, A. R., Oura, M. J, & Santos, P. (2022). Stigma about mental disease in Portuguese medical students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Educ. 21(1), 265.
  • Musa, A., Ashraf, J., Tsai, F. J. et al. (2020). Depression severity and depression stigma among students: A survey of universities in five countries. J Nerv Ment Dis. 208(11), 884-889.
  • Pyne, J. M., Kuc, E. J., Schroeder, P. J., Fortney, J. C., Edlund, M., & Sullivan, G. (2021) Relationship between perceived stigma and depression severity. J Nerv Ment Dis. 192(4), 278–83.
  • Wada, M., Suto, M. J., Lee, M. et al. (2019) University students’ perspectives on mental illness stigma. Mental Health & Prevention. 14, 200159. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MPH.2019.200159.
  • Wong, K. (20169 Gender differences in mental health literacy of university students. Western Undergraduate Psychology Journal, 4(1).
  • Xu, Z., Rusch, N., Huang, F., Kosters, M. (2017). Challenging mental health related stigma in China: systematic review and meta-analysis. I. Interventions among the general public. Psychiatry Res. 255,449–56.
  • Yang, F., Yang, B. X., Stone, T.E., Wang, X. Q., Zhou, Y., Zhang, J., & Jiao, S. F. (2020) Stigma towards depression in a community-based sample in China. Compr Psychiatry, 97, 152152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152152
  • https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression, WHO, date of access:27.07.2022.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mental Health Nursing
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Eda Açıkgöz Atay 0000-0003-2592-8254

Nermin Olgun 0000-0002-8704-4588

Zehra Boztepe 0000-0003-4262-0649

Publication Date July 31, 2024
Submission Date April 1, 2024
Acceptance Date May 6, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Açıkgöz Atay, E., Olgun, N., & Boztepe, Z. (2024). Determining the Level of Depression Stigma of University Students: A Descriptive Study. Doğu Karadeniz Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.59312/ebshealth.1462815

Doğu Karadeniz Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi - EBSHealth
Giresun Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi © 2024

ebshealth@giresun.edu.tr

EBSHealth açık erişim politikasıyla yayın yapan bilimsel ve hakemli bir dergidir.