Barriers to the International Criminal Court’s Use of Jurisdiction on Human Trafficking

Year 2022, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 521 - 548, 28.12.2022

Selçuk Koca

Abstract

Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nin İnsan Ticareti Suçu Üzerinde Yargı Yetkisini Kullanmasının Önündeki Engeller

Abstract

İnsan ticareti, uygulama amacı ve mağdurlar üzerindeki etkileri kölelikle benzer olması sebebiyle günümüzde modern kölelik olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Klasik anlamıyla kölelik ve köle ticareti büyük oranda ortadan kaldırılsa da yerini insan ticaretine bırakmıştır. Köleliğin uluslararası ceza hukukundaki yansıması insanlığa karşı bir suç olan köleleştirme suçudur. Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nin (UCM) kurucu belgesi olan Roma Statüsü’nde yer alan köleleştirme suçu, insan ticaretini de içerecek şekilde tanımlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda insan ticaretinin köleleştirme suçunu oluşturması ve insanlığa karşı bir suç olarak UCM önüne getirilmesi mümkündür. Çalışmada UCM’nin insan ticareti suçu üzerinde yargı yetkisini kullanmasının önündeki hukuki ve pratik sınırlar incelenmiş, Mahkemenin insan ticareti suçu hakkında soruşturma başlatmasının olası etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda UCM’nin yer ve kişi yönünden yargı yetkisi ile insan ticaretinin insanlığa karşı suçların ön şartlarını karşılama ihtimali ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

insan ticareti, modern kölelik, köleleştirme, insanlığa karşı suçlar, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi.

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