Research Article
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Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 21 - 31, 23.02.2026
https://izlik.org/JA99BC34DG

Abstract

References

  • BIMCO. (2025). War risks clauses: VOYWAR 2025 and CONWARTIME 2013/2025 explanatory notes. Baltic and International Maritime Council. https://www.bimco.org
  • BMP5. (2018). Best management practices to deter piracy and enhance maritime security (Version 5). https://www.maritimeglobalsecurity.org/media/BMP5.pdf
  • BUEGER, C. (2015). What is maritime security? Marine Policy, 53, 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.12.005
  • CHALK, P. (2010). Piracy off the Horn of Africa: Scope, dimensions, causes and responses. RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP387.html
  • DUTTA, P., CHOI, T. M., & SOMANI, S. (2020). Blockchain technology in maritime logistics: Applications, challenges, and future directions. Transportation Research Part E, 138, 101967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2020.101967
  • GARMON, T. (2002). International law of maritime piracy. Tulane Journal of International and Comparative Law, 10(1), 123–152.
  • GovInfo. (2010). Economic consequences of piracy on shipping in the Indian Ocean. U.S. Government Publishing Office. https://www.govinfo.gov
  • HASTINGS, J. (2009). Geographies of state failure and sophistication in maritime piracy hijackings. Political Geography, 28(4), 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2009.05.006
  • ICC–IMB. (2023). Piracy and armed robbery against ships: Annual report 2023. International Chamber of Commerce – International Maritime Bureau. https://www.icc-ccs.org
  • ICC–IMB. (2025, January 14). Maritime piracy dropped in 2024, but crew safety remains at risk. International Chamber of Commerce. https://www.icc-ccs.org
  • IMO. (2021). Piracy and armed robbery against ships: Guidance for shipowners and seafarers. International Maritime Organization. https://www.imo.org
  • MARLOW, P. (2010). Maritime security: An update of key issues. Maritime Policy & Management, 37(7), 667–676. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2010.524786
  • MARLOW, P. (2021). Maritime cyber security: Threats and policy responses. Journal of Transportation Security, 14(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12198-020-00201-7
  • MURPHY, M. N. (2007). Contemporary piracy and maritime terrorism: The threat to international security. International Institute for Strategic Studies.
  • Statista. (2025). Number of pirate attacks worldwide since 2006. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/266292/number-of-pirate-attacks-worldwide-since-2006/
  • TETLEY, W. (2004). Interpretation and construction of the Hague, Hague-Visby and Hamburg Rules. Tulane Maritime Law Journal, 29(1), 1–42.
  • UNCTAD. (2023). Review of maritime transport 2023. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. https://unctad.org/publication/review-maritime-transport-2023
  • UNODC. (2022). Implementation of the Yaoundé Code of Conduct: Regional maritime security overview. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. https://www.unodc.org

The Impact of Piracy Activities on Maritime Economy: A Global Assessment

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 21 - 31, 23.02.2026
https://izlik.org/JA99BC34DG

Abstract

This study aims to examine the multifaceted effects of piracy activities on the maritime economy. Since approximately 90 per cent of global trade is carried out by sea, piracy is not only a security threat for ships and crews; it has also become a serious problem with social and economic repercussions. The study analyses the historical development of piracy, its areas of activity and its direct and indirect effects on the maritime sector. These include increased insurance premiums, fuel and time losses due to route changes, ransom payments and increased security expenditures. In addition, international legal frameworks, regional cooperation mechanisms and technological strategies in combating piracy are analysed and policy recommendations are provided to ensure the sustainability of maritime trade.

References

  • BIMCO. (2025). War risks clauses: VOYWAR 2025 and CONWARTIME 2013/2025 explanatory notes. Baltic and International Maritime Council. https://www.bimco.org
  • BMP5. (2018). Best management practices to deter piracy and enhance maritime security (Version 5). https://www.maritimeglobalsecurity.org/media/BMP5.pdf
  • BUEGER, C. (2015). What is maritime security? Marine Policy, 53, 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.12.005
  • CHALK, P. (2010). Piracy off the Horn of Africa: Scope, dimensions, causes and responses. RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/OP387.html
  • DUTTA, P., CHOI, T. M., & SOMANI, S. (2020). Blockchain technology in maritime logistics: Applications, challenges, and future directions. Transportation Research Part E, 138, 101967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2020.101967
  • GARMON, T. (2002). International law of maritime piracy. Tulane Journal of International and Comparative Law, 10(1), 123–152.
  • GovInfo. (2010). Economic consequences of piracy on shipping in the Indian Ocean. U.S. Government Publishing Office. https://www.govinfo.gov
  • HASTINGS, J. (2009). Geographies of state failure and sophistication in maritime piracy hijackings. Political Geography, 28(4), 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2009.05.006
  • ICC–IMB. (2023). Piracy and armed robbery against ships: Annual report 2023. International Chamber of Commerce – International Maritime Bureau. https://www.icc-ccs.org
  • ICC–IMB. (2025, January 14). Maritime piracy dropped in 2024, but crew safety remains at risk. International Chamber of Commerce. https://www.icc-ccs.org
  • IMO. (2021). Piracy and armed robbery against ships: Guidance for shipowners and seafarers. International Maritime Organization. https://www.imo.org
  • MARLOW, P. (2010). Maritime security: An update of key issues. Maritime Policy & Management, 37(7), 667–676. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2010.524786
  • MARLOW, P. (2021). Maritime cyber security: Threats and policy responses. Journal of Transportation Security, 14(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12198-020-00201-7
  • MURPHY, M. N. (2007). Contemporary piracy and maritime terrorism: The threat to international security. International Institute for Strategic Studies.
  • Statista. (2025). Number of pirate attacks worldwide since 2006. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/266292/number-of-pirate-attacks-worldwide-since-2006/
  • TETLEY, W. (2004). Interpretation and construction of the Hague, Hague-Visby and Hamburg Rules. Tulane Maritime Law Journal, 29(1), 1–42.
  • UNCTAD. (2023). Review of maritime transport 2023. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. https://unctad.org/publication/review-maritime-transport-2023
  • UNODC. (2022). Implementation of the Yaoundé Code of Conduct: Regional maritime security overview. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. https://www.unodc.org
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects International Business
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tuba Köylü 0009-0005-1311-2997

Kadir Mersin 0000-0003-3999-6960

Submission Date November 10, 2025
Acceptance Date February 9, 2026
Publication Date February 23, 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA99BC34DG
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Köylü, T., & Mersin, K. (2026). The Impact of Piracy Activities on Maritime Economy: A Global Assessment. Journal of Sustainable Economics and Management Studies, 5(2), 21-31. https://izlik.org/JA99BC34DG

Journal of Sustainable Economics and Management Studies (ECOMAN)
2718-1065 (Printed ISSN) & 2791-8084 (Electronic ISSN)
ecoman@gelisim.edu.tr