Ekonomik Büyüme, Ticari Açıklık Ve Enerji Tüketiminin Ekolojik Ayak İzine Etkileri: G7 Ülkeleri İçin Panel Eşbütünleşme Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada G7 ülkelerinde 1971-2015 döneminde üretim, ticaret ve enerji alanlarındaki gelişmelerin çevresel bozulma üzerindeki uzun dönemli etkileri ekonometrik yöntemlerle incelenmiştir. Üretim göstergesi olarak kişi başına GSYH, ticaret göstergesi olarak ticari açıklık ve enerji göstergesi olarak enerji tüketiminin kullanıldığı çalışmada çevresel bozulma göstergesi olarak ekolojik ayak izi kullanılmıştır. Sürdürülebilir kalkınma literatürüne bakıldığında çevresel bozulma göstergesi olarak çoğunlukla karbon emisyonu kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada karbon emisyonundan daha kapsamlı olan ekolojik ayak izinin kullanılması çalışmanın orijinal taraflarındandır. Logaritmik düzeydeki değişkenler arasında Pedroni FMOLS ve DOLS yöntemleri ile uzun dönem eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin katsayıları araştırılmış ve esneklik değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre; inceleme yapılan dönemde G7 ülkelerinde kişi başına düşen GSYH’da meydana gelen %1’lik artış ekolojik ayak izini % 0.24; ticari açıklıkta meydana gelen %1’lik artış ekolojik ayak izini %0,39 ve enerji tüketimindeki %1’lik artış ekolojik ayak izini %0,72 artırmaktadır.

Keywords

• Ekolojik Ayak İzi
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Enerji Tüketimi
• Ticari Açıklık
• G7

The Effects of Economic Growth, Trade Openness and Energy Consumption on Ecological Footprint: Panel Cointegration Analysis for G7 Countries

Abstract

In this study, the long-term effects of developments in the fields of production, trade and energy in the G7 countries between 1971-2015 on environmental deterioration has examined using econometric methods. In this analysis, production indicator has been represented by GDP per capita, commerce indicator has been represented by commercial openness and energy indicator has been stood for energy consumption and , the ecological footprint has been indicated by environmental deterioration. Typically, the indicator of environmental deterioration has been represented by carbon emission in the sustainable development literature. What is original with this study is that the ecological footprint ,which is more extensive, instead of carbon emission has chosen as a dependent variable. In this study the coefficients of the long-term cointegration relationship were investigated by Pedroni FMOLS and DOLS methods and elasticity values were calculated among the logarithmic variables. Our findings reveal 1% increase in per capita GDP increases 0,24% the ecological footprint; 1% increase in commercial openness increases 0,39% the ecological footprint and 1% increase in energy consumption increases 0,72% the ecological footprint in G7 countries during the period under examination.

Keywords

• Ecological Footprint
• Economic Growth
• Energy Consumption
• Trade Openness
• G7

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