Fate or Schema Chemistry? Which one does bring and hold mates together?

Öz

The aim of this research is to analyze marital adjustment within the scope of Schema Theory and early maladaptive schema domains. The study group consisted of 77 married Turkish couples. In the data collection process which was conducted as online survey, the willing spouses were asked to use a pseudonym and they used the same pseudonym in their scales. Thus, they could be included in the analysis as husband and wife. Marital adjustment and early maladaptive schema domains of the participants were measured with scales. In the data analysis, firstly, the descriptive statistics of schema domains were conducted. Then, the correlations between schema domains and marital adjustment were analyzed. Afterwards, the participants were divided into two groups as high group and low group for each schema domain according to their level of having related schema domain and each group’s marital adjustment mean scores were examined. Lastly, the spouses were divided into two groups as high group and low group according to their dyadic marital adjustment mean scores, and the dyadic schema domain distributions of the spouses in each group were examined. Findings revealed that impaired autonomy, disconnection, and other-directedness schema domains had negative correlation with marital adjustment and participants having low level of schema domains had more marital adjustment scores. Dyadic schema domain distribution of spouses showed that there were repetitive schema domain matches among spouses in both high-adjusted group and low-adjusted group which can be interpreted that schema chemistry can have an effect on dyadic marital adjustment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Early maladaptive schemas
• marital adjustment
• schema chemistry

Kaynakça

1. Altun, G. (2015). The relationship of marital satisfaction with attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas in married individuals (Unpublished master's thesis). Üsküdar University, Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
2. Bayrami, M., Bakhshipor, A., & Esmaeili, A. (2012). The relationship between coping styles and early maladaptive schemas in disconnection-rejection and over vigilance-inhibition in young’s schema model. Journal of Life Science and Biomedicine, 2(4), 178-81.
3. Beck, A. T. (1963). Thinking and depression: I. Idiosyncratic content and cognitive distortions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 9(4), 324-333. Doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1963.01720160014002
4. Bowlby, J. ( 1969). Attachment, vol. 1 of Attachment and loss. London: Hogarth Press.
5. Bradbury, T. N., & Fincham, F. D. (1990). Attributions in marriage: Review and critique. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 3-33.
6. Bradbury, T. N., Beach, S. R., Fincham, F. D., & Nelson, G. M. (1996). Attributions and behavior in functional and dysfunctional marriages. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(3), 569-576. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.64.3.569
7. Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). A longitudinal test of the vulnerability-stress model with early maladaptive schemas for depressive and social anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(1), 85-99.
8. Cecero, J. J., Nelson, J. D., & Gillie, J. M. (2004). Tools and tenets of schema therapy: toward the construct validity of the early maladaptive schema questionnaire–research version (EMSQ‐R). Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 11(5), 344-357. doi: 10.1002/cpp.401

9. Dumitrescu, D., & Rusu, A. S. (2012). Relationship between early maladaptive schemas, couple satisfaction and individual mate value: An evolutionary psychological approach. Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 12(1), 63-76.
10. Güner, K., Z. (2014). Early maladaptive schemas, cognitive processes in relationships, attributions, marital coping efforts relation with marital adjustment (Unpublished master’s thesis). Maltepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
11. Knox, D., & Schacht, C. (2008). Choices in relationships: An introduction to marriage and the family. Wadsworth: Cengage Learning.
12. Körük, S. (2020). The analysis of dyadic marital adjustment within the context of early maladaptive Sschemas and family functions: A study of structural modelling (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Eskisehir, Turkey.
13. Manzary, L., Makvandi, B., & Khajevand Khoshli, A. (2014). Comparison between maladaptive schemas, marital conflicts and sexual satisfaction in nearly-divorced, divorced and normal Individuals. Journal of Psychology & Behavioral Studies, 2(1), 39-49.
14. Mohammadi, B., & Soleymani, A. (2017). Early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction as predictors of marital commitment. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 11(1), 16-22.
15. Nia, K. M., Ghiasi, M., ShirinIzadi, & Forooshani, S.R. G. (2015). Study early maladaptive schemas as predictors of marital dissatisfaction in India and Iran-role of conditional schemas as a mediator and moderator. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 5(11), 590-597.
16. Özabacı, N., & Körük, S. (2018, October). An investigation of the relationships between early maladaptive schemas and marital adjustment: A meta-analysis. Paper presented at 20th International Congress of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Samsun, Turkey.
17. Özabacı, N., Körük, S., & Kara, A. (2018). The development of the Scale of Meaning of Marriage (SMM): A study of validity and reliability. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 8(50), 235-259.
18. Özabacı, N., Körük, S., & Kara, A. (2019). A metaphoric examination of the meaning of marriage. Çukurova University Faculty of Education Journal, 48(1), 693-736.
19. Rafaeli, E., Bernstein, D. P., & Young, J. E. (2011). Schema therapy: Distinctive features. New York: Routledge.
20. Roediger, E., Behary, W.T., & Zarbock, G. (2016). Demek ki oluyormuş (N. Azizlerli, Trans.). İstanbul: Psikonet.
21. Simeone-DiFrancesco, C., Roediger, E., & Stevens, A. B. (2017). Çiftlerle şema terapi klinisyenin ilişkileri iyileştirme rehberi. (I. G. Danışman, Trans. Ed.). Ankara: Nobel.
22. Soygüt, G., Karaosmanoğlu, A., & Çakır, Z. (2009). Assessment of early maladaptive Schemas: A Psychometric study of the Turkish Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form-3. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 20(1), 75-84.
23. Soysal, E. (2017). Predictive role of early maladaptive schemas, cognitive distortions in relationships and attributions of married individuals on marital adjustment (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Necmettin Erbakan University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Konya, Turkey.
24. Tunçel, T. (2019). The relationship among early maladaptive schemas, schema-related coping behavior, perceived parental attitudes, and marital adjustment: An examination through the schema therapy model (Unpublished master’s thesis). Üsküdar University, Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
25. Ünüvar, P., & Tagay, Ö. (2015). Employed married women: Gender roles, life satisfaction, job satisfaction and marital adjustment. Woman 2000, 16(2), 21-44.
26. Wagner, R. V. (1975). Complementary needs, role expectations, interpersonal attraction, and the stability of working relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32(1), 116-124.
27. Winch, R. F. (1955). The theory of complementary needs in mate-selection: Final results on the test of the general hypothesis. American Sociological Review, 20(5), 552-555.
28. Winch, R. F. (1967). Another look at the theory of complementary needs in mate-selection. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 29(4), 756-762.
29. Yıldız, Z. Ö. (2018). Antecedants and consequences of marital satisfaction: Depression, anxiety and early maladaptive schemas (Unpublished master’s thesis). Işık University, Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
30. Yiğit, İ., & Çelik, C. (2016). Assessment of relationship satisfaction in terms of early maladaptive schemas, interpersonal styles, and self-perception. Turkish Psychological Articles, 19(38), 77-87.
31. Young, J., & Gluhoski, V. (1997). A schema-focused perspective on satisfaction in close relationships. In R. J. Sternberg, M. Hojjat (Eds.), Satisfaction in close relationships. New York: Guilford Press.
32. Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy. New York: Guilford Press.
33. Young, J. E., & Lindemann, M. D. (1992). An integrative schema-focused model for personality disorders. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 6(1), 11-23.