Comparative Analysis of 7th Grade Afghanistan History Book with 8th Grade Turkish Revolution History and Kemalism Textbook

Abstract

Education is the most basic structure that shapes the future of a state and strengthens the existence awareness of the nation to which it belongs. The application area of this is shaped according to the content of the textbooks, the structure of the program the philosophies of education adopted and the policy of the states. In this study, Turkey-Afghanistan Revolution history and history textbooks contents, unit structure, were compared in terms of educational status. The research was designed in qualitative research design and descriptive analysis was done by using document analysis technique. Textbooks that have been in effect since 2017-2018 in both countries have been examined. This context, the textbook 7 in Turkey; There are 4 units in Afghanistan and the contents are prepared in accordance with the expanding environmental approach. Teaching methods are mostly used in the definition, explanation method, question-answer and group discussion techniques that address listening skills.

Keywords

• History
• History education
• history textboos
• Turkey
• Afghanistan
• comparative education

Comparative Analysis of 7th Grade Afghanistan History Book with 8th Grade Turkish Revolution History and Kemalism Textbook

Abstract

temel yapı eğitimdir. Bunun uygulama alanı okullarda okutulan ders kitaplarının içerikleri, program yapısı, benimsenen eğitim felsefeleri devletlerin politikasına göre şekillenmektedir. Bu nedenle ders kitapları devletlerin tutumları hakkında bilgi veren önemli kaynaklardır. Bu çalışmada Afganistan’da 7. Sınıf; Türkiye’de 8. Sınıf düzeyinde öğretimi gerçekleştirilen ders kitapları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 7. Sınıf Afganistan tarih kitabı ile ve 8. Sınıf Türkiye Cumhuriyeti İnkılap tarihi ve Atatürkçülük ders kitapları içerikleri, ünite yapısı, eğitim durumları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma deseninde tasarlanmış olup doküman analizi tekniği kullanılarak içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz yapılmıştır. Her iki ülkede de 2018 yılından itibaren geçerli olan ders kitapları incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ders kitaplarında Türkiye’de 7; Afganistan’da 4 ünite bulunmakta olup içerikleri genişleyen çevre yaklaşımı doğrultusunda hazırlanmıştır. Ders kitapları ulusal marşla başlamaktadır. Öğretim yöntemlerinde çoğunlukla dinleme becerisine hitap eden tanımlama, açıklama yöntemi ile birlikte soru-cevap, grup tartışması teknikleri de kullanılmaktadır.

Keywords

• Tarih
• Tarih Eğitimi
• Tarih ders kitapları
• Türkiye
• Afganistan
• Karşılaştırmalı eğitim

References

1. Akbaba, T. (2015). Contrıbutıons of republıc of Turkey to Afghanıstan in the fıeld of educatıon (1932-1938). İstanbul University: Master Thesis, İstanbul.
2. Andishmand, A. (2010). Why ISI intervenes in Afghanistan and how can the intervention be stopped? Khorasan Zamin, 16 June.
3. Ataie, N. (2015). Interventıon in Afghanıstan and new state order. Akdeniz University: Master Thesis, Antalya.
4. Bekmuradi, N. (2014) Contrıbutıons of polıtıcal partıes to democratıc system in Afghanıstan after 2001. Gazi University: Master Thesis, Ankara.
5. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2012). Scientific research methods. Pegem Academy Publications, Ankara.
6. Demirel, Ö. (2006). The learning art. Ankara: Pegem A. Publications.
7. Ekiz, D. (2013). Introduction to research methods and methods in education. Ankara: Anı Publications.
8. Erginer/ Özyurt, E. (2014). The role of Turkish Republic revolution history and Kemalism lesson about formation of citizenship in secondary education. Gazi University: Master Thesis, Ankara.

9. Gülecen, S. (2008). A comperative study of Turkey’s and Afghanistan’s educational systems. Fırat University: Master Thesis, Elazığ.
10. Hajıyarali, F. (2011). Ethnic structure of Aghanistan and the problem of identity. Akdeniz University: Master Thesis, Antalya.
11. Hasani, R. (2014). A contrast between global human rıghts and the basıc rıghts of the Afghan constıtutıon. Gazi University: Master Thesis, Ankara.
12. Hayat, N. (2016). Governance and democracy in Afghanıstan. Gazi University: Master Thesis, Ankara.
13. Gubar, G. M., Pejend, F. (2005). Geography history of Afghanistan. Kabil: Meyvend Publications.
14. MEB, (2018). History of the republic of Turkey and Atatürk course curriculum (Secondary school Grade 8). Ankara.
15. Minestry of Education, (2007). National education strategic plan for Afghanistan 1385-1389. Kabil.
16. Minestry of Education (1396/2017). Afghanistan 7th grade history textbooks. Kabil.
17. MOE, (2016). Third national education strategic plan. www.moe.gov.af. Date of access: 29.04.2019.
18. Morl, C., Davies, I. (2015). Citizenship education in civics textbooks in the japanese Junior high school curriculum. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Vol.35, No.2, p.153-175.
19. Rahimi, M.R. (2015). Experience of modernization i̇n Turkey and Afghanistan a comparative analysis of turnover Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and Amanullah Khan. Kocaeli University, Master Thesis, Kocaeli.
20. Rahimi, R. (2017). Arbitration in Afghanistan and Turkish Law. Kocaeli University, Master Thesis, Kocaeli.
21. Şıvgın, H. (2009). The importance of National History education in identity development. Academic Perspective. 2 (4), p.35-52.
22. Osmanoğlu, A.E., Yılmaz, A. (2015). A comparatıve study: Egypts’ and Turkeys’ seventh grade socıal studıes currıculum. International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume, 10/15, p. 697-730.
23. Osmanoğlu A.E., Öztürk, C. (2015). Comparing analysis perception of citizenshıp ın Turkeys’ and Egypts’ social studies textbook. Journal Education and Training Pegem, 2 (3).
24. Pohanyar, S.M. (2001). Zuhur-i meshrutiyat ve qurbaniyani estibdad. (Beşinci Baskı) Peshawer: Maiwand Publications.
25. Rasuly-Paleczek G. (2010). State building struggle in Afghanistan: centralization, nationalism and unrest. (Ed. Schendel W. ve Zürcher E. J., 2004). Identity politics in Central Asia and the Islamic world. (2nd Edition). Istanbul: Communication Publications.
26. Robson, B. (2002). The Afghans: their history and culture. culture profile. (ERİC Document Repruduction Service No: FL 801600).
27. Şimşek, H. & Yıldırım, A. (2016). Qualitative research methods in the social sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publications.