Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinde Mannan-oligosakkarit (MOS) Kullanımı Üzerine Türkiye’de Farkındalık Yaratma

Öz

Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde sağlıklı ürün temin etmek amacıyla; 1990’lı yılların başlarında oligosakkaritlerin prebiyotik etkileri üzerine başlatılan araştırmalara, Türkiye’de 1995’den sonra yürütülen bilimsel çalışmaların da önemli ölçüde katkıları olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, prebiyotik etkisi belirlenmiş en güvenli mikroorganizmalardan biri olan ekmek mayası (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)’ndan elde edilen Mannan-oligosakkarit (MOS)’in etki mekanizması ve bu maddenin yem katkısı olarak kullanımının avantajları tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği, prebiyotik, Mannan-oligosakkarit, MOS

Utilizing Mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) in Aquaculture to Raise Awareness in Turkey

Abstract

To ensure in aquaculture a healthy fish raised the several scientific studies conducted in Turkey (after 1995) have significantly contributed to the initiated research on the effects of prebiotic oligosaccharides in the early 1990s. In this study, the impact mechanism of Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) obtained from the baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), which is one of safest microorganisms was determined prebiotic effect on fish metabolism and advantages of utilizing MOS as a feed additive are discussed

Keywords

• Aquaculture, prebiotic, mannan-oligosaccharides, MOS

References

1. Aarestrup, F.M. 2000. Occurrence, selection and spread of resistance to antimicrobial agents used for growth promotion for food animals in Denmark. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica. 108 (101):5-48.
2. Aarestrup, F.M., Bager, F., Jensen, N.E., Madsen, M., Meyling, A., Wegener., H.C. 1998. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from food animals to antimicrobial growth promoters and related therapeutic agents in Denmark. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica. 106 (6): 606–622.
3. Atar, H.H., Ateş. M. 2009. The Effects of commercial diet supplemented with mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and vitamin B12 on the growth and body composition of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 8(11): 2251- 2255.
4. Backstrom, L. 1999. Sweden’s ban on antimicrobial feed additives misunderstood. Feedstuffs. (November 22):8, 20.
5. Bager, F., Madsen, M., Christensen, J., Aarestrup, F.M. 1997. Avoparcin used as a growth promoter is associated with the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium on Danish poultry and pig farms. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 31(1-2):95–112.
6. Bailey, J., Blankenship, L., Cox, N. 1991. Effect of fructooligosaccharide on Salmonella colonizationof the chickenintestine. Poultry Science. 70: 2433-2438.
7. Corpet, D.E. 2000. Mechanism of antimicrobial growth promoters used in animal feed (French). Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire. 151(2):99-104.
8. Dimitroglou, A., Merrifield, D.L., Spring, P., Sweetman, J., Moate, R., Davies, S.J. 2010. Effects of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilisation,

9. intestinal histology and gut microbiota of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture. 300: 182-188.
10. Doyle, M.E. 2001. Alternatives to antibiotic use for growth promotion in animal husbandry. Food Research Institute Briefings, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706 s.
11. Eren, M., Deniz, G., Biricik, H., Gezen, S.S., Türkmen, I.I., Yavuz, H.M. 1999. Broyler yemlerine zincbacitracin, probiyotik ve mannan oligosakkarit katkısının besi performansı üzerine etkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 18: 73–84.
12. Firon, N., Ofek, I., Sharon, N. 1983. Carbohydrate specificity of the surface lectins of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium. Carbohydrate Research. 120:235–249.
13. Gatlin, D.M., Li, P., Wang, X., Burr, G.S., Castille, F., Lawrence, A.L. 2006. Potential application of prebiotics in aquaculture, 8th International simposium on aquaculture nutrition. 371- 376ss.
14. Genc, M.A, Yılmaz, E., Genç, E. 2006. Yeme eklenen mannan-oligosakkarit'in genç karabalıkların (Clarias gariepinus) gelişimine, barsak ve karaciğer histopatolojisine etkileri. Ege University Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 23(1-2): 37-41.
15. Genc, M.A., Aktas, M., Genc, E., Yılmaz, E. 2007b. Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on growth, body composition and hepatopancreas histology of Penaeus semisulcatus (De Haan 1844). Aquaculture Nutrition. 13(2): 156-161.
16. Genc, M.A., Yılmaz, E., Genc, E., Aktas, M. 2007a. Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth, body composition, and intestine and liver histology of the hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus). Israel Journal of Aquaculture, 59 (1):10-16.
17. Groschke, A.C., Evans, R.C. 1950. Effect of antibiotics, synthetic vitamins, vitamin B12 and APF supplement on chick growth. Poultry Science. 29: 616-618.
18. Hillman, K., 2001. Bacteriological aspects of the use of antibiotics and their alternatives in the feed of non-ruminant animals. In: Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition, Garnsworthy, P.C. and J. Wiseman (Eds.). Nottingham University Press, Nottingham,107-134ss.
19. Hoşsu, B., Salnur, S., Gultepe, N. 2005. The effects of yeast derivatives (BIO-MOS®) on growth of gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. World Aquaculture Symposium. 9-13 May 2005, Bali Island, Indonesia.
20. İkizdoğan, A.T. 2006. Farklı yem katkılarının karabalık (Clarias gariepinus) larvalarının büyüme performansı ile hepatopankreas ve barsak histolojisi üzerine etkileri. Mustafa Kemal
21. Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Su Ürünleri Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hatay, 82 s.
22. Lih, H., King, T.E., Higgins, H., Baumann, C.A., Strong, F.M. 1951. Growth promoting activity of bound pantothenic acid in the rat. Journal of Nutrition. 44: 361-370.
23. Line, E.J., Baily, J.S., Cox, N.A., Stern, N.J., Tompkins, T. 1998. Effect of yeast –supplemented feed on salmonella and Capylobacter populations in broilers. Poultry Science. 77: 405-410.
24. Linkswiler, H., Baumann, C.A., Snell, E.E. 1951. Effect of aureomycin on the response of rats to various forms of vitamin B6. Journal of Nutrition. 43: 565-573.
25. Mazlum, Y., Yılmaz, E., Genç, M.A., Guner, O. 2011. A preliminary study on the use of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) in freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 juvenile diets. Aquaculture International, 19(1): 111-119.
26. Moore, P.R., Evenson, A., Luckey, T.D., McCoy, E., Elvehjem, C.A., HART, E.B. 1946. Use of sulfasuxidine, streptothricin and streptomycin in nutritional studies with the chick. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 165: 437-441.
27. Oleson, J.J., Hutchings, B.L., Whitehill, A.R. 1950. The effect of feeding aureomycin on the vitamin B12 requirement of the chick. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 29: 334- 338.
28. Patterson, J.A., Burkholder, K.M. 2003. Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production. Poultry Science. 82 (4): 627-631.
29. Pryor, G.S., Royes, J.B., Chapman, F.A., Miles, R.D. 2003. Mannanoligosaccharides in fish nutrition: effects of dietary supplementation on growth and gastrointestinal villi structure in Gulf of Mexico sturgeon. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 65(2):106-111.
30. Santin, E., Mairoka, A., Macari, M. 2001. Performance and intestinal mucosa development of broiler chickens fed diets containing Sacchromces cerevisiae cell wall. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 3: 236-244.
31. Stern, J.R., McGinnis J. 1950. Antibiotics and early growth of rats fed a soybean oil meal diet. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 28: 364-370ss.
32. Stokstad, E.L.R., Jitkes, T.H. 1949. Further observations on the animal protein factor. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 73: 523-528.
33. Stokstad, E.L.R., Jitkes, T.H. 1951. Effect of various levels of vitamin B12 upon growth response produced by aureomycin in chicks. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 76: 73.
34. Şengül, H. 2007. Mannan-oligosakkarit (MOS) kullanımının sazan (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) yavrularının büyüme, karaciğer ve barsak histolojisine etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürtünleri Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 40s. Hatay.
35. Turgut, E., Develi, N., Tırtıl, U.S. 2007. Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde probiyotiklerin kullanımı. G.O.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2): 13-18.
36. Whitehill, A.R., Oleson, J.J., Hutchinos, B.L. 1950. Stimulatory effect of aureomycin on the growth of chicks. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 74: 11-13.
37. Yaman, F., Esendal, Ö. 2004. Balıklarda probiyotik kullanımı. Orlab On-Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 2 (6): 1-18. www.mikrobiyoloji.org/pdf/702040601.pdf
38. Yılmaz, E., Genc, M.A., Genc, E. 2007. Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccaharides (MOS) on
39. growth, body composition, intestine and liver histology of rainbow trout, Onchoryncus mykiss (Walbaum)”, Israel Journal of Aquaculture, 59(3): 183-189.