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High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 27.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.46239/ejbcs.1143057

Abstract

This study was carried-out: a) to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography with size exclusion column (HPLC-SEC) method for the identification of the major whey proteins from selected whey protein products; and b) use the method to estimate the relative composition of the major whey proteins in different whey protein products.
An HPLC Shimadzu (LC-10AD VP liquid chromatograph) with system controller (SCL-10A VP) equipped with a pump and auto-injector (SIL-10AD VP) and UV-vis detector (SPD-10AV) was used in the identification of whey proteins in standards and whey protein products. The size exclusion column (SEC) was a Yarra 3 µm, SEC-3000 Column, 7.8 mm I.D. x 30 cm with a security guard.
The HPLC-SEC method was successful in identifying the major whey proteins of the different whey protein products.
The β-LG contents had the highest level among the whey proteins for all the whey protein products studied, followed by the α-LA and then IgG in both WPC products. However, the α-LA and IgG of the Procream product had almost the same level which was probably due to a different process used in WPC
All the major whey proteins with the highest pump flowrate had the shortest elution times while the whey proteins with the lowest pump flowrate had the longest elution times. The optimal pump flowrate was 0.75 mL/min since it gave a faster analysis but differentiate the peaks of the different major whey proteins.

References

  • Anonymous. 2001. Reference Manual for US Whey Products. US Dairy Export Council, Arlington, VA, USA.
  • Bicah, P, Blanc B 1982. Milk protein analysis – a high-performance chromatography study. Milchwisenschaft. 37: 592-593.
  • Bouaouina H, Desrumaux A, Loisel C, Legrand J 2006. Functional properties of whey proteins as affected by dynamic high-pressure treatment. International Dairy Journal. 16: 275-284.
  • Clark PJ 2005. Concentrating proteins from milk and meat. Food Technology. 59: 80-83.
  • De Wit JN 1998. Nutritional and functional characteristics of whey proteins in food products. Journal of Dairy Science. 81: 597-608.
  • Diosady LL, Bergen I, Harwalkar VR 1980. High performance liquid chromatography of whey proteins. Milchwissenschaft. 35: 671-674.
  • Downes N, Silcock P 2014. HPLC method development for quantification of proteins from UF pilot scale-up. Seperex Nutritionals Ltd., Dunedin, New Zealand Internal Report. 4 pp.
  • Elgar DF, Norris CS, Ayers JS, Oritchard M, Otter DE, Palmano KP 2000. Simultaneous separation and quantitation of the major bovine whey proteins including proteose peptone and caseinomacropeptide by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on polystyrene-divinylbenzene. Journal of Chromatography A. 878: 183-196.
  • El-Sayed MMH, Chase HA 2010. Purification of the two major proteins from whey concentrate using a cation-exchange selective adsorption process. Biotechnological Progress. 26: 192-199.
  • Garcia MC, Marina ML, Torre M 1998. Ultrarapid detection of bovine whey proteins in powdered soybean milk by perfusion reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A. 822: 225-232.
  • Geberding SJ, Byers CH 1998. Preparative ion-exchange chromatography of proteins from dairy whey. Journal of Chromatography A. 808: 141-151.
  • Gupta BB 1983. Determination of native and denatured milk proteins by high-performance size exclusion chromatography. Journal of Chromatography. 282: 463-475.
  • Holland PT, Cargill A, Selwood AI, Arnold K, Krammer JL, Pearce KN 2011. Determination of soluble immunoglobulin G in bovine colostrum products by protein G affinity chromatography – Turbidity correction and method validation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 59: 5248-5256.
  • Huffman LM, Harper JW 1999. Maximizing the value of milk through separation technologies. Journal of Dairy Science. 82: 2238-2244.
  • Kang DY, Moon JM, Lee S 2011. Comparison of size-exclusion chromatography and flow field-flow fractionation for separation of whey proteins. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society. 32: 1315.
  • Kelly PM, Kelly J, Mehra R, Oldfield DJ, Raggett E, O’Kennedy BT 2000. Implementation of integrated membrane processes for pilot scale development of fractionated milk components. Lait. 80: 139-153.
  • Kinghorn NM, Norris CS, Paterson GR, Otter DE 1995. Comparison of capillary electrophoresis with traditional methods to analyse bovine whey proteins. Journal of Chromatography A. 700: 111-123.
  • Liang M, Chen V YT, Chen HL, Chen W 2006. A simple and direct isolation of whey components from raw milk by gel filtration chromatography and structural characterization by Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. Talanta. 69: 1269-1277.
  • Madureira AR, Pereira CI, Gomes AMP, Pintado ME, Malcata FX 2007. Bovine whey proteins – Overview on their main biological properties. Food Research International. 40: 1197-1211.
  • Ostertag F, Schmidt CM, Berensmeier S, Hinrichs J 2021. Development and validation of an RP-HPLC DAD method for the simultaneous quantification of minor and major whey proteins. Food Chemistry. 342: 18176 (8 pp.).
  • Pires AF, Marnotes NG, Rubio OD, Garcia AC, Pereira CD 2021. Dairy by-products: A review on the valorization of whey and second cheese whey. Foods. 10: 1067 (24 pp.).
  • Saboya LV, Maubois JL 2000. Current development of microfiltration technology in the dairy industry. Lait. 80: 541-553. Smithers GW 2008. Review - Whey and whey proteins – from ‘gutter-to-gold’. International Dairy Journal. 18: 695-704.
  • Tetra Pak. 2015. Dairy Processing Handbook. Tetra Pak Processing Systems AB, Lund, Sweden.480 pp.
  • Zadow JG 1994. Utilization of milk components: Whey. In Modern Dairy Technology, Advances in Milk Processing, Vol. 1 (2nd Edition) (R.K. Robinson, ed.). Chapman and Hall, London, UK. pp. 313-373.
Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 27.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.46239/ejbcs.1143057

Abstract

References

  • Anonymous. 2001. Reference Manual for US Whey Products. US Dairy Export Council, Arlington, VA, USA.
  • Bicah, P, Blanc B 1982. Milk protein analysis – a high-performance chromatography study. Milchwisenschaft. 37: 592-593.
  • Bouaouina H, Desrumaux A, Loisel C, Legrand J 2006. Functional properties of whey proteins as affected by dynamic high-pressure treatment. International Dairy Journal. 16: 275-284.
  • Clark PJ 2005. Concentrating proteins from milk and meat. Food Technology. 59: 80-83.
  • De Wit JN 1998. Nutritional and functional characteristics of whey proteins in food products. Journal of Dairy Science. 81: 597-608.
  • Diosady LL, Bergen I, Harwalkar VR 1980. High performance liquid chromatography of whey proteins. Milchwissenschaft. 35: 671-674.
  • Downes N, Silcock P 2014. HPLC method development for quantification of proteins from UF pilot scale-up. Seperex Nutritionals Ltd., Dunedin, New Zealand Internal Report. 4 pp.
  • Elgar DF, Norris CS, Ayers JS, Oritchard M, Otter DE, Palmano KP 2000. Simultaneous separation and quantitation of the major bovine whey proteins including proteose peptone and caseinomacropeptide by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on polystyrene-divinylbenzene. Journal of Chromatography A. 878: 183-196.
  • El-Sayed MMH, Chase HA 2010. Purification of the two major proteins from whey concentrate using a cation-exchange selective adsorption process. Biotechnological Progress. 26: 192-199.
  • Garcia MC, Marina ML, Torre M 1998. Ultrarapid detection of bovine whey proteins in powdered soybean milk by perfusion reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A. 822: 225-232.
  • Geberding SJ, Byers CH 1998. Preparative ion-exchange chromatography of proteins from dairy whey. Journal of Chromatography A. 808: 141-151.
  • Gupta BB 1983. Determination of native and denatured milk proteins by high-performance size exclusion chromatography. Journal of Chromatography. 282: 463-475.
  • Holland PT, Cargill A, Selwood AI, Arnold K, Krammer JL, Pearce KN 2011. Determination of soluble immunoglobulin G in bovine colostrum products by protein G affinity chromatography – Turbidity correction and method validation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 59: 5248-5256.
  • Huffman LM, Harper JW 1999. Maximizing the value of milk through separation technologies. Journal of Dairy Science. 82: 2238-2244.
  • Kang DY, Moon JM, Lee S 2011. Comparison of size-exclusion chromatography and flow field-flow fractionation for separation of whey proteins. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society. 32: 1315.
  • Kelly PM, Kelly J, Mehra R, Oldfield DJ, Raggett E, O’Kennedy BT 2000. Implementation of integrated membrane processes for pilot scale development of fractionated milk components. Lait. 80: 139-153.
  • Kinghorn NM, Norris CS, Paterson GR, Otter DE 1995. Comparison of capillary electrophoresis with traditional methods to analyse bovine whey proteins. Journal of Chromatography A. 700: 111-123.
  • Liang M, Chen V YT, Chen HL, Chen W 2006. A simple and direct isolation of whey components from raw milk by gel filtration chromatography and structural characterization by Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. Talanta. 69: 1269-1277.
  • Madureira AR, Pereira CI, Gomes AMP, Pintado ME, Malcata FX 2007. Bovine whey proteins – Overview on their main biological properties. Food Research International. 40: 1197-1211.
  • Ostertag F, Schmidt CM, Berensmeier S, Hinrichs J 2021. Development and validation of an RP-HPLC DAD method for the simultaneous quantification of minor and major whey proteins. Food Chemistry. 342: 18176 (8 pp.).
  • Pires AF, Marnotes NG, Rubio OD, Garcia AC, Pereira CD 2021. Dairy by-products: A review on the valorization of whey and second cheese whey. Foods. 10: 1067 (24 pp.).
  • Saboya LV, Maubois JL 2000. Current development of microfiltration technology in the dairy industry. Lait. 80: 541-553. Smithers GW 2008. Review - Whey and whey proteins – from ‘gutter-to-gold’. International Dairy Journal. 18: 695-704.
  • Tetra Pak. 2015. Dairy Processing Handbook. Tetra Pak Processing Systems AB, Lund, Sweden.480 pp.
  • Zadow JG 1994. Utilization of milk components: Whey. In Modern Dairy Technology, Advances in Milk Processing, Vol. 1 (2nd Edition) (R.K. Robinson, ed.). Chapman and Hall, London, UK. pp. 313-373.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Food Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Lemuel Diamante

Publication Date June 27, 2023
Acceptance Date January 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Diamante, L. (2023). High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 6(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.46239/ejbcs.1143057
AMA Diamante L. High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products. Eurasian J. Bio. Chem. Sci. June 2023;6(1):1-6. doi:10.46239/ejbcs.1143057
Chicago Diamante, Lemuel. “High Performance Liquid Chromatography With Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products”. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 6, no. 1 (June 2023): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.46239/ejbcs.1143057.
EndNote Diamante L (June 1, 2023) High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 1 1–6.
IEEE L. Diamante, “High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products”, Eurasian J. Bio. Chem. Sci., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2023, doi: 10.46239/ejbcs.1143057.
ISNAD Diamante, Lemuel. “High Performance Liquid Chromatography With Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products”. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 6/1 (June 2023), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.46239/ejbcs.1143057.
JAMA Diamante L. High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products. Eurasian J. Bio. Chem. Sci. 2023;6:1–6.
MLA Diamante, Lemuel. “High Performance Liquid Chromatography With Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products”. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, vol. 6, no. 1, 2023, pp. 1-6, doi:10.46239/ejbcs.1143057.
Vancouver Diamante L. High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Size Exclusion Column (HPLC-SEC) Method for Identifying the Major Whey Proteins of Whey Protein Products. Eurasian J. Bio. Chem. Sci. 2023;6(1):1-6.