Ethical Principles and Publication Policy The publication procedures of the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care (Eurasian J Crit Care) provide the foundation for the objective, transparent, and reputable dissemination of scientific knowledge. These procedures reflect the quality of the scholarly work produced by authors as well as the standards of the institutions that support them. Peer-reviewed articles embody and reinforce the scientific method, and it is essential that all stakeholders involved in the publication process—including authors, readers, researchers, publishers, reviewers, and editors—adhere to the highest ethical standards. The Eurasian Journal of Critical Care complies with both national and international standards for research and publication ethics. Its editorial and publication processes are conducted in accordance with the guidelines and recommendations of internationally recognized organizations, including the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), and the Council of Science Editors (CSE). The journal also adopts the ethical publishing principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the European Association of Science Editors (EASE), and follows the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing as defined by DOAJ (https://doaj.org/bestpractice). All stakeholders are expected to uphold the ethical responsibilities defined in this policy. Originality, innovation, high scientific quality, meaningful contribution to the existing literature, and citation potential are the primary criteria for manuscript acceptance. Manuscripts submitted for evaluation must not have been previously published or presented, in whole or in part, in any electronic or printed medium. Publishing in a peer-reviewed journal is a fundamental component of building a coherent and respected body of scientific knowledge. Peer review plays a critical role in validating research quality and advancing scientific methods. Therefore, establishing and maintaining a shared understanding of ethical conduct among all parties involved in the publication process—including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher—is essential. All manuscripts submitted to the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care undergo a double-blind peer review process. Each submission is evaluated by at least two independent external reviewers who are experts in the relevant field, ensuring an objective and unbiased assessment. For manuscripts submitted by members of the editorial board, the review process is managed by an independent external editor. The Editor-in-Chief holds final responsibility and authority for all editorial decisions. The ethical duties and responsibilities outlined below have been prepared in accordance with the guidance and best-practice recommendations published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Ethical Principles Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All individuals who meet these criteria should be listed as co-authors, while those who have contributed to specific aspects of the research but do not meet full authorship criteria should be acknowledged as contributors. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all appropriate co-authors are included, that no inappropriate individuals are listed as authors, and that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to its submission for publication. All authors are required to disclose any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that may influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript, and all sources of financial support must be clearly stated. Reviewers must inform the journal editor of any potential conflicts of interest and recuse themselves from the review process when necessary; reviewers from the same institution as the authors are not permitted to review the manuscript. Editors must likewise avoid handling manuscripts in which they have personal or financial conflicts of interest. Authors may be asked to provide raw data related to their study for editorial review and should be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable period after publication. Where possible and appropriate, authors are encouraged to make their data publicly accessible in accordance with ethical and legal standards. The fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of data, including images or experimental results, is strictly prohibited. Manuscripts submitted to the journal must not have been previously published or be under consideration elsewhere. Duplicate or multiple submissions are unacceptable. If previous work has been used as a basis for the current manuscript, it must be properly cited, and the novel contributions of the present study must be clearly stated. Authors confirm that the manuscript and all supporting materials constitute their original intellectual property and that the work does not contain plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, or manipulated citations. All drafts, revisions, and typeset versions remain the intellectual property of the authors unless otherwise agreed. Authors, reviewers, and editors are required to maintain confidentiality regarding all communications, comments, reports, and manuscript content, with the exception of the final published version. Minor errors that do not affect the findings or conclusions of a published article may be corrected by the editors. Articles may be retracted if major errors or ethical violations that invalidate the results are identified. Expressions of concern may be issued when misconduct is suspected but not yet confirmed. All such actions are conducted in accordance with COPE and ICMJE guidelines. For research involving surveys, interviews, or other forms of qualitative or quantitative data collection from human participants, as well as experimental or clinical studies involving humans or animals, ethics committee approval must be obtained and clearly stated in the manuscript. The name of the ethics committee, approval date, and reference number should be provided in the Methods section. Informed consent must be obtained for case reports, and compliance with international standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki, is mandatory. Authors are responsible for protecting patient anonymity, and written consent must be obtained for any images that may reveal a patient’s identity. For animal studies, measures taken to minimize pain and suffering must be clearly described. At the discretion of the Editorial Board, one supplementary or special issue may be published per year. Manuscripts submitted to supplementary or special issues undergo the same editorial and peer review processes as regular issues. Special issues may include proceedings from congresses or articles focused on specific themes, and their pagination may differ from regular issues. Tribute issues are not accepted as special or supplementary issues and are treated as regular issues. The journal encourages data sharing and reproducibility by recommending that authors submit supplementary materials and datasets that support their findings. Any restrictions on data availability must be disclosed at submission. When data do not violate privacy, human rights, or ethical considerations, authors are encouraged to make them publicly accessible and to include a data availability statement. All cited data, whether generated by the authors or obtained from external sources, must be appropriately referenced. Actions contrary to scientific research and publication ethics, as defined by the YÖK Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, include plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, redundant publication, inappropriate slicing of studies, and unjust authorship practices. Other ethical violations include failure to acknowledge contributors or funding sources, misuse of unpublished works without permission, violations of ethical rules in human or animal research, breaches of confidentiality, misuse of research resources, baseless accusations of misconduct, failure to obtain necessary approvals, and violations of national or international legal regulations. In cases of suspected or alleged misconduct, the Editorial Board follows COPE guidelines. Authors are expected to ensure that their studies are original and based on sound scientific research, that all listed co-authors have made genuine contributions, and that the contributions of each author are clearly defined. Manuscripts must not be under consideration elsewhere, and submission implies acceptance of the journal’s editorial policies. Proper citation practices must be followed, plagiarism and fabricated data are unacceptable, and similarity reports must demonstrate less than 30% overlap for peer review to proceed. The corresponding author is responsible for informing the editor of any conflicts of interest. All authors must meet the four authorship criteria recommended by the ICMJE: substantial contribution to the study, drafting or critical revision of the manuscript, final approval of the version to be published, and accountability for all aspects of the work. Individuals who meet these criteria must be listed as authors, while those who do not should be acknowledged on the title page. Reviewers are expected to recognize their critical role in maintaining the scientific quality of the journal. Reviews must be conducted objectively, confidentially, and respectfully, focusing on the scientific merit of the manuscript rather than personal viewpoints. Reviewers should provide constructive and substantiated feedback, avoid superficial or vague comments, and complete reviews within the specified timeframe or decline promptly if unable to do so. Editors are responsible for ensuring that only scientifically valuable and ethically sound manuscripts are accepted for publication. They must maintain confidentiality throughout the double-blind peer review process, avoid conflicts of interest, support corrections or retractions when necessary, and ensure that editorial processes are conducted efficiently and transparently. Individuals who do not contribute actively to the editorial process should not be listed as editors or members of the editorial board. 2. Publication Policy Any manuscript considered for publication in the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care must be original, comply with research and publication ethics, and convey a clear scientific message to the critical care community. Manuscripts should contribute to the field, address current topics in health sciences, demonstrate structural and logical coherence, and present findings based on scientific evidence using appropriate methodology. Manuscript submissions are made exclusively through the journal’s Manuscript Management System available at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/2851/submission/step/manuscript/new. Submissions sent via e-mail are not considered. Each manuscript is initially reviewed for compliance with the journal’s writing guidelines and screened for similarity to prevent plagiarism using iThenticate (CrossCheck). A similarity rate of less than 30% is required for the peer review process to proceed. Manuscripts exceeding this threshold may be rejected or returned to the authors for revision. The preliminary review process is completed within a maximum of 30 days. Manuscripts that pass the preliminary review are evaluated by the relevant editor or associate editor in terms of scope, language quality, and academic adequacy, a process that is completed within a maximum of 30 days. Eligible manuscripts then undergo a double-blind peer review process, in which authors and reviewers remain anonymous to each other. Reviewer reports are recorded and stored in the Manuscript Management System. Authors are expected to revise their manuscripts in accordance with the comments and recommendations of the reviewers and the Editorial Board. If authors disagree with specific points, they may submit a reasoned response. Revised manuscripts and response documents are uploaded to the system for further evaluation. The associate editor subsequently assesses whether the requested revisions have been adequately addressed. Manuscripts requiring major revision may be re-sent to reviewers, while those with insufficient revisions may be returned to the authors or rejected. All stages of the evaluation process and submitted files are archived in the system. Manuscripts may undergo English language editing when deemed necessary. In such cases, authors are requested to make the required corrections. This process is completed within a maximum of 15 days. Following technical, scientific, and language evaluations, manuscripts are reviewed by the Editorial Board for a final publication decision, which may be made by majority vote if required. The Eurasian Journal of Critical Care is a fully open access journal, and all articles are made freely available online immediately upon publication without subscription or payment barriers. Authors retain the copyright of their work published in the journal. By submitting a manuscript, authors grant the publisher, the Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Association of Turkey (EPAT), a non-exclusive license to publish, reproduce, distribute, and archive the article in all media formats. All published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, adaptation, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If a manuscript is rejected, no publishing license is granted and all rights remain with the authors. When previously published material such as figures, tables, images, or other content is used, authors must obtain written permission from the copyright holder when required and provide appropriate attribution in the manuscript. Each submission must be accompanied by a License to Publish / Copyright & Licensing Agreement Form confirming that authors retain copyright, that EPAT is granted a non-exclusive publishing license, and that the article will be published under the CC BY 4.0 license upon acceptance. Accepted manuscripts are typeset and formatted for publication. The journal publishes manuscripts in English only; a Turkish abstract is not required. Abstracts, excluding cover letters, must not exceed 250 words, and abstracts of original articles should be structured under the headings Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, and Conclusion. Authorship is recognized as listed on the Title Page at the time of submission. Requests for changes to authorship, including additions, removals, or reordering, after submission are subject to Editorial Board approval and are handled in accordance with COPE flowcharts. Such requests must be submitted with a formal letter explaining the reason and signed by all authors. If approved, an updated License to Publish / Copyright & Licensing Agreement Form must be provided. The journal handles complaints and appeals in accordance with COPE guidance. Complaints are initially evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief, who may consult the Editorial Board when necessary. For complaints or appeals, authors may contact the editorial office at info@atuder.org.tr. Any financial grant or other support received for a submitted study must be disclosed to the Editorial Board, and a conflict of interest statement must be included on the Title Page. If no conflict exists, the statement should read: “All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript.” Statements and opinions expressed in articles published in the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the journal, the Editor-in-Chief, editors, reviewers, or the publisher. The journal and its stakeholders accept no responsibility or liability for the content of published articles, and final responsibility rests with the authors.