Isıl Dayanım Test Raporu İçin Bir Excel Elektronik Tablosunun Kullanımı
Year 2023,
, 91 - 97, 31.12.2023
Rabia Korkmaz Tan
,
Kaan Önder
,
Fatih Yerişenoğlu
,
Reşat Mutlu
Abstract
Güç kabloları elektriksel güç sistemlerinin önemli parçalarından birisidir. Kabloyu oluşturan malzemelerin ya da kablonun hangi sıcaklıkta ömrününne olacağının bilinmesi önemlidir. Bundan dolayı kablolarda kullanılan malzemeler için yaşlandırma testleri yapılır. Bu testlerden biri kablonun termal dayanım testidir. Bu test sonucunda elde edilen dataya eğri uydurma işlemi yapılarak kablonun 20000 saatlik ömre karşılık gelen sıcaklık değeri (sıcaklık indeksi) bulunur. Bu eğri uydurma ve sıcaklık indeksini bulma işleminin otomatize edilmesi bu testi yapan firmalar veya araştırma merkezleri için faydalı olacaktır. Matlab veya Mathematica gibi pahalı programlar yerine kullanımı ve erişimi kolay Excel programının bu test sonuçlarını değerlendirmek için kullanımı oldukça ekonomik ve faydalı bir çözümdür. Bu çalışmada termal dayanım testi kısaca anlatılmış ve bu testin sonuçlarını değerlendirmek için Excel’de bir elektronik tablo hazırlanmıştır. EPR malzemesi için yapılan ölçümlerden alınan data kullanılarak programın doğru bir şekilde çalıştığı gösterilmiştir. Böyle bir elektronik tablo kablo fabrikalarında termal dayanım sonuçlarını değerlendirmek için kolaylıkla kullanılabilir.
References
- Moore, G. F. (Ed.), (1997). Electric cables handbook, Blackwell Science, UK.
- Thue, W. A. (2017) (Ed.), “Electrical power cable engineering”, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
- Shwehdi, M. H., Morsy, M. A., & Abugurain, A. (2003, October). Thermal aging tests on XLPE and PVC cable insulation materials of Saudi Arabia. In 2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (pp. 176-180). IEEE.
- Muhr, M., Neges, E., Woschitz, R., & Sumereder, C. (2004, October). Aging behaviour of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) as an insulating material for high (HV)-and extra-high voltage cables (EHV). In The 17th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2004. LEOS 2004. (pp. 232-236). IEEE.
- Karhan, M., Çakir, M., Arslan, Ö., Issi, F. and Eyüpoğlu, V. XLPE dielektrik malzemelerde elektrik alanının temas açısına ve damlacık şekline etkisi, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 36, 01/27 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.700362.
- Uydur, C and Arikan, O. (2022). Dielectric performance analysis of laboratory aged power cable under harmonic voltages, Electrical Engineering, 104, 08/07 2022, doi: 10.1007/s00202-022-01614-4.
- Liu, Y, Wang, H., Zhang, H. and Du, B. (2022). "Thermal Aging Evaluation of XLPE Power Cable by Using Multidimensional Characteristic Analysis of Leakage Current," Polymers, 14(15), 3147. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/15/3147.
- Li, C., Chu, Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, J. and Tao, J. (2023) Insulation aging diagnosis and defect location of crosslinked polyethylene cable in the distribution network based on radio frequency identification, Materials Express, 13(10), 1772-1781, doi: 10.1166/mex.2023.2513.
- Dang, C., Parpal, J. L., & Crine, J. P. (1996). Electrical aging of extruded dielectric cables: review of existing theories and data. IEEE transactions on dielectrics and electrical insulation, 3(2), 237-247.
- Choudhary, M., Shafiq, M., Kiitam, I., Hussain, A., Palu, I., & Taklaja, P. (2022). A review of aging models for electrical insulation in power cables. Energies, 15(9), 3408.
- İlhan, S., & Özdemir, A. (2014). Elektriksel Yalıtım Sistemlerinde Yaşlanma, Yaşlanma Modelleri ve İstatistiksel Veri Analizi, Elektrik-Elektronik ve Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Sempozyumu ELECO 2004, Bursa, Türkiy.
- Alghamdi, A. S., & Desuqi, R. K. (2020). A study of expected lifetime of XLPE insulation cables working at elevated temperatures by applying accelerated thermal ageing. Heliyon, 6(1).
- British Standard BS 7870-2. LV and MV Polymeric Insulated Cables for Use by Distribution and Generation Utilities- Part 2: Methods of Tests, 1999.
- British Standard BS EN 60216-1. Electrical Insulating Materials – Thermal Endurance Properties – Part1: Ageing Procedures and Evaluation of Test Results, 2013.
- Posavec, K., Bačani, A., & Nakić, Z. (2006). A visual basic spreadsheet macro for recession curve analysis. Groundwater, 44(5), 764-767.
- Newman, S., & Lowenstern, J. B. (2002). VolatileCalc: a silicate melt–H2O–CO2 solution model written in Visual Basic for excel. Computers & Geosciences, 28(5), 597-604.
- Shikaze, S. G., & Crowe, A. S. (2007). An excel macro for generating trilinear plots. Groundwater, 45(1), 106-109.
- Giménez‐Forcada, E., & Sánchez San Román, F. J. (2015). An Excel Macro to Plot the HFE‐Diagram to Identify Sea Water Intrusion Phases. Groundwater, 53(5), 819-824.
- Bancroft, S. L., & Bourret, J. C. (2008). Generating variable and random schedules of reinforcement using Microsoft Excel macros. Journal of applied behavior analysis, 41(2), 227-235.
- Oke, S. A. (2004). Spreadsheet applications in engineering education: A review. International Journal of Engineering Education, 20(6), 893-901.
- Morley, L. A., & Novak, T. (1990). Impedance-based power-system analysis using a spreadsheet. In Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (pp. 1413-1420). IEEE.
- Zhao, H. P., Lyall, J. S., & Ketley, A. D. (2002). A simple procedure for evaluating the effect of short ducts on underground cable rating. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Australia, 21(3), 259-267.
- Montanari, G. C. (n.d.). Thermal aging of EPR cables. Proceedings., Second International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials. doi:10.1109/icpadm.1988.38399.
- Blivet, C., Larché, J. F., Israëli, Y., Bussière, P. O., & Gardette, J. L. (2021). Thermal oxidation of cross-linked PE and EPR used as insulation materials: Multi-scale correlation over a wide range of temperatures. Polymer Testing, 93, 106913.
- IEC Central Office, International Standard IEC 60811-501. Electric and Optical Fibre Cables – Test Methods for Non-metallic Materials - Part 501: Mechanical Tests – Tests for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Insulating and Sheathing Compounds, 2011.
- https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12YD5EcFhD1aRHUClDkQWUcgdzI8vbc4YMPVi9IsJH2o/edit?usp=sharing
- Lebok, F. J. (1982). Thermal endurance data for solid insulating materials. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, (1), 53-63.
Usage of an Excel Spreadsheet for a Thermal Endurance Test Report
Year 2023,
, 91 - 97, 31.12.2023
Rabia Korkmaz Tan
,
Kaan Önder
,
Fatih Yerişenoğlu
,
Reşat Mutlu
Abstract
Power cables are one of the important parts of electrical power systems. It is important to know the materials that make up the cable or what the life of the cable will be at a given temperature. Therefore, aging tests are performed for the materials used in the cables. One of these tests is the thermal endurance test of the cable. The curve fitting process is performed to the data obtained as a result of this test and the temperature value (the temperature index) corresponding to the 20000-hour life of the cable is found. Automating the process of curve-fitting and finding the temperature index will be useful for companies or research centers that perform this test. Instead of expensive programs such as Matlab or Mathematica, the easy-to-use and accessible Excel program is a very economical and useful solution to evaluate these test results. In this study, the thermal endurance test was briefly described and a spreadsheet was prepared in Excel to evaluate the results of this test. Using the data taken from the measurements made for the EPR material, it has been checked that the spreadsheet works correctly. Such a spreadsheet can be easily used in cable factories to evaluate thermal endurance test results.
Supporting Institution
Ünika Üniversal Kablo Sanayi ve Tic. A.Ş..
Thanks
This study has been supported through the project UPN-2206 funded by the research and development center of Ünika Üniversal Kablo Sanayi ve Tic. A.Ş..The authors are also grateful to Metin Yurtsever and Avşin Öztaş for many useful discussions and their contributions.
References
- Moore, G. F. (Ed.), (1997). Electric cables handbook, Blackwell Science, UK.
- Thue, W. A. (2017) (Ed.), “Electrical power cable engineering”, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
- Shwehdi, M. H., Morsy, M. A., & Abugurain, A. (2003, October). Thermal aging tests on XLPE and PVC cable insulation materials of Saudi Arabia. In 2003 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (pp. 176-180). IEEE.
- Muhr, M., Neges, E., Woschitz, R., & Sumereder, C. (2004, October). Aging behaviour of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) as an insulating material for high (HV)-and extra-high voltage cables (EHV). In The 17th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2004. LEOS 2004. (pp. 232-236). IEEE.
- Karhan, M., Çakir, M., Arslan, Ö., Issi, F. and Eyüpoğlu, V. XLPE dielektrik malzemelerde elektrik alanının temas açısına ve damlacık şekline etkisi, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 36, 01/27 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.700362.
- Uydur, C and Arikan, O. (2022). Dielectric performance analysis of laboratory aged power cable under harmonic voltages, Electrical Engineering, 104, 08/07 2022, doi: 10.1007/s00202-022-01614-4.
- Liu, Y, Wang, H., Zhang, H. and Du, B. (2022). "Thermal Aging Evaluation of XLPE Power Cable by Using Multidimensional Characteristic Analysis of Leakage Current," Polymers, 14(15), 3147. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/15/3147.
- Li, C., Chu, Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, J. and Tao, J. (2023) Insulation aging diagnosis and defect location of crosslinked polyethylene cable in the distribution network based on radio frequency identification, Materials Express, 13(10), 1772-1781, doi: 10.1166/mex.2023.2513.
- Dang, C., Parpal, J. L., & Crine, J. P. (1996). Electrical aging of extruded dielectric cables: review of existing theories and data. IEEE transactions on dielectrics and electrical insulation, 3(2), 237-247.
- Choudhary, M., Shafiq, M., Kiitam, I., Hussain, A., Palu, I., & Taklaja, P. (2022). A review of aging models for electrical insulation in power cables. Energies, 15(9), 3408.
- İlhan, S., & Özdemir, A. (2014). Elektriksel Yalıtım Sistemlerinde Yaşlanma, Yaşlanma Modelleri ve İstatistiksel Veri Analizi, Elektrik-Elektronik ve Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Sempozyumu ELECO 2004, Bursa, Türkiy.
- Alghamdi, A. S., & Desuqi, R. K. (2020). A study of expected lifetime of XLPE insulation cables working at elevated temperatures by applying accelerated thermal ageing. Heliyon, 6(1).
- British Standard BS 7870-2. LV and MV Polymeric Insulated Cables for Use by Distribution and Generation Utilities- Part 2: Methods of Tests, 1999.
- British Standard BS EN 60216-1. Electrical Insulating Materials – Thermal Endurance Properties – Part1: Ageing Procedures and Evaluation of Test Results, 2013.
- Posavec, K., Bačani, A., & Nakić, Z. (2006). A visual basic spreadsheet macro for recession curve analysis. Groundwater, 44(5), 764-767.
- Newman, S., & Lowenstern, J. B. (2002). VolatileCalc: a silicate melt–H2O–CO2 solution model written in Visual Basic for excel. Computers & Geosciences, 28(5), 597-604.
- Shikaze, S. G., & Crowe, A. S. (2007). An excel macro for generating trilinear plots. Groundwater, 45(1), 106-109.
- Giménez‐Forcada, E., & Sánchez San Román, F. J. (2015). An Excel Macro to Plot the HFE‐Diagram to Identify Sea Water Intrusion Phases. Groundwater, 53(5), 819-824.
- Bancroft, S. L., & Bourret, J. C. (2008). Generating variable and random schedules of reinforcement using Microsoft Excel macros. Journal of applied behavior analysis, 41(2), 227-235.
- Oke, S. A. (2004). Spreadsheet applications in engineering education: A review. International Journal of Engineering Education, 20(6), 893-901.
- Morley, L. A., & Novak, T. (1990). Impedance-based power-system analysis using a spreadsheet. In Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (pp. 1413-1420). IEEE.
- Zhao, H. P., Lyall, J. S., & Ketley, A. D. (2002). A simple procedure for evaluating the effect of short ducts on underground cable rating. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Australia, 21(3), 259-267.
- Montanari, G. C. (n.d.). Thermal aging of EPR cables. Proceedings., Second International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials. doi:10.1109/icpadm.1988.38399.
- Blivet, C., Larché, J. F., Israëli, Y., Bussière, P. O., & Gardette, J. L. (2021). Thermal oxidation of cross-linked PE and EPR used as insulation materials: Multi-scale correlation over a wide range of temperatures. Polymer Testing, 93, 106913.
- IEC Central Office, International Standard IEC 60811-501. Electric and Optical Fibre Cables – Test Methods for Non-metallic Materials - Part 501: Mechanical Tests – Tests for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Insulating and Sheathing Compounds, 2011.
- https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12YD5EcFhD1aRHUClDkQWUcgdzI8vbc4YMPVi9IsJH2o/edit?usp=sharing
- Lebok, F. J. (1982). Thermal endurance data for solid insulating materials. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, (1), 53-63.