Comparison of Technical and Economic Parameters of Drilling of Wood Based Panels with CNC and Traditional Woodworking Machines

Abstract

Alongside other technological stages in wood processing, the technology for final wood processing has undergone positive changes, especially during the last two decades, having achieved rapid development through the application of advanced technologies €“ central, numeric-controlled machines (CNC). This technology has significantly improved technical and economic parameters, which has led to increased competitiveness of those companies that have installed it.

The focus of our paper lies in the study of technical and economic parameters in drilling plates with three-dimensional CNC mill-drill machines, and with traditional, horizontal-vertical tenoner drilling machines.

The same drilling tool is used, with the same geometry of grooves for the drills of the machines.

The material used in the study is solid wood, which is used for the production of a window-case, with the constructive parts as presented on the attached table. The study takes into account the cutting time of the constructive parts of the window-case presented in the table, measured with the software of the CNC machine, and through a chronometer at the tenoner drilling machine. Afterwards, the number of the employees used by both machines has been taken into account. Through these two important sources of data we have reached encouraging results with regard to economic parameters. Meanwhile, the technical parameters reveal clear advantages of the three-dimensional CNC machines over the traditional ones, such as:

• Time savings constitute the main technical parameter, meaning that by observing the results obtained by the technological operations with CNC and traditional machines, it is clear that there is great advance in terms of operation times. This enables a wide scale increase in productivity, minimizing work forced and fixed expenses.
• Higher quality of processing of CNC machines,
• Significant drop of the need for internal transport of processed parts
• Automatic optimization of the material during drilling operations with CNC machines, which is missing in traditional machines.

  Alongside other technological stages in wood processing, the technology for final wood processing has undergone positive changes, especially during the last two decades, having achieved rapid development through the application of advanced technologies €“ central, numeric-controlled machines (CNC). This technology has significantly improved technical and economic parameters, which has led to increased competitiveness of those companies that have installed it.

  The focus of our paper lies in the study of technical and economic parameters in drilling plates with three-dimensional CNC mill-drill machines, and with traditional, horizontal-vertical tenoner drilling machines.

  The same drilling tool is used, with the same geometry of grooves for the drills of the machines.

  The material used in the study is solid wood, which is used for the production of a window-case, with the constructive parts as presented on the attached table. The study takes into account the cutting time of the constructive parts of the window-case presented in the table, measured with the software of the CNC machine, and through a chronometer at the tenoner drilling machine. Afterwards, the number of the employees used by both machines has been taken into account. Through these two important sources of data we have reached encouraging results with regard to economic parameters. Meanwhile, the technical parameters reveal clear advantages of the three-dimensional CNC machines over the traditional ones, such as:

  • Time savings constitute the main technical parameter, meaning that by observing the results obtained by the technological operations with CNC and traditional machines, it is clear that there is great advance in terms of operation times. This enables a wide scale increase in productivity, minimizing work forced and fixed expenses.
  • Higher quality of processing of CNC machines,
  • Significant drop of the need for internal transport of processed parts
  • Automatic optimization of the material during drilling operations with CNC machines, which is missing in traditional machines.

Keywords

• Technology, tridimensional CNC machines, drilling, solid wood panels, parameters

Öz

Odunun son ürün olarak işlenme süreci teknolojisi son yirmi yılda sayısal olarak kontrol edilebilen cihazlar olarak adlandırılan ve kısaca CNC olarak bilinen cihazların üretilmesiyle hız kazanmış ve olumlu yönde katkılar sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada delme işlemlerinde kullanılan üç boyutlu CNC dişli delici makinesiyle geleneksel, yatay-dikey tenoner delme makinesinin teknik ve ekonomik yönlerden karşılaştırması ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan malzeme pencere pervazlarının yapımında kullanılan sunta levhalardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma (i) CNC yazılımının zaman ölçeri ve tenoner cihazında kronometre ile pencere pervazlarının yapımında kullanılan sunta levhaların kesilme sürelerinin ölçümünün ve (ii) gerekli iş gücü maliyetlerinin karşılaştırılmasını kapsamaktadır. Ölçümler ve yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda teknik ve ekonomik parametreler bakımından CNC cihazının geleneksel cihaza nazaran kayda değer avantajlar sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. CNC cihazının; işlem süresinin kısa olması, yapılan işin niteliğinin iyi olması, düşük atölye içi taşıma zamanı, parça başına daha düşük işleme maliyeti ve malzemenin otomatik olarak iyileştirilmesi bakımından daha avantajlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Teknoloji, Üç boyutlu CNC cihazları, Delme, Sağlam ahşap paneller, Parametreler

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