Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 220 - 234, 29.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.31195/ejejfs.842996

Abstract

References

  • Adejumo, A.A., Amusa, T.O. and Adamu, T. (2014). Assessment of tourists flow and revenue generation In Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife And Environment, 6(2): 2141 – 1778
  • Akinola, O. O. (2017). The level of visitors’ satisfaction in relation to their expectation in Gashaka-Gumti national park, Nigeria. Int J Avian and Wildlife Biol., 4(2):68‒72. Aminrad, Z., Zakaria, S., Hadi, A.S. (2011). Influence of age and level of education on environmental awareness and attitude: Case study on Iranian students in Malaysian Universities. Soc. Sci., 6: 15–19.
  • Bennett, J. A. (2000). Managing Tourism Services: Southern African Perspective. Van Schaik Publishers: Pretoria.76Pp Bright, A. and Pierce, C. (2002). Information and Education for Managing Wildlife Viewing. In: Manfredo, M. (ed). Wildlife Viewing: A management handbook. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press. 277-306 Pp.
  • Brochu, L. and Merriman, T. (2002). Redefining interpretation as a core belief for certification of professionals. Journal of Interpretation Research, 7(1): 11-16. Cheung, L.T. and Jim, C. (2013). Ecotourism service preference and management in Hong Kong. Int. J. Sustain. Dev.World Ecol,20, 182–194
  • Clarke, J. and Critcher, C. (1988). The Devil makes Work. London: Basingstoke Macmillan, 220 p.
  • Cole, N. D. (2000). Visitors use density and wilderness experience. A historic review of research. In: Warne F, Cole W, (Eds). Visitor use density and wilderness experience: proceedings Missoula, USA. pp 11–20.14.
  • Dietz, T., Guagnano, G. A. and Stern, P. C. (1998). Social Structural and Social Psychological Bases of Environmental Concern. Environment and Behaviour 30(4):450-471. Dunlap, R. E., Van Liere, K. D., Mertig, A. G. and Jones, R. E. (2000). Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3): 425-442
  • Galley, G. and Clifton, J. (2004). The motivational and demographic characteristics of research Eco tourists: operation wallacea volunteers in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Ecotourism, 3(1): 69-82.
  • Garrod, B. and Wilosn, J.C. (eds.) (2003). Marine Ecotourism: Issues and Experiences, Channel View, Clevedon, UK.
  • Gladwell, B. (2004). In Search of Lost Leisure: The Impact of Care giving on Leisure Travel. Tourism Management, 2004;25(6):685–693.
  • Hayat, M. and Supinits, V. (2016). Measuring Domestic Tourist Satisfaction at Cox’s Bazar Sea Beach, Bangladesh. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 4(1): 149-156.
  • Higginbottom, K. (2004). Wildlife tourism impacts, management and planning. Altona: Common Ground Publishing Pty Ltd, 34-37Pp
  • Huh, J. (2002). Tourist Satisfaction with Cultural/Heritage Sites: The Virginia Historic Triangle. Master Thesis. Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic. Institute and State University. US.
  • Ijeomah, H. M. and Odunlami, S. S. (2013). The politics of Wild Resource Management in Yankari Wildlife Park: Implications on Biodiversity Conservation and Ecotourism management. International Journal of Safety and Security in Tourism. 4: 36-50
  • Jacob, D. E., Ityavyar, A. J. and Nelson, I. U. (2020). Impact National Parks on Livelihood and Conservation Behaviours of Households in Nigeria. Journal of Forestry, Environment and Sustainable Development, 6(1): 72-85
  • Jacob, D. E., Eniang, E. A., Ukpong, E. E., Udoakpn, U. I. and Nelson, I. U. (2019). Correlates of revenue and tourist flow in Old Oyo National Park. Journal of Forestry, Environment and Sustainable Development, 5(1): 47-55.
  • Jacob, D.E., S.A. Onadeko, I.U. Nelson and A.L.A. Shotuyo (2018a). Evaluation of Old Oyo National Park efficiency using DEA Approach. Economic and Environmental Studies 18 (1), 203-222.
  • Jacob, D. E., Etuk, I. M. and Nelson, I. U. (2018b). Assessment of Anti-Poaching Effectiveness in Old Oyo National Park, Nigeria. In: Eniang, E. A., Umoh, G. S. and F. Babalola (eds.). Ecotourism and National Development in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges. Proceedings of 6th 3rd Biennial NSCB Biodiversity Conference held in University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria from May 6 - May 10, 20018, 422 - 429pp.
  • Jacob, D. E., Eniang, E. A. and Nelson, I. U. (2018c). Impact of Nigeria National Parks on Support Zone Communities Livelihood. In: Ogunjinmi, A. A., Oyeleke, O. O., Adeyemo, A. I., Ejidike, B. N., Orimaye, J. O., Ojo, V. A., Adetola, B. O. and Arowosafe, F. C. Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of Wildlife. Proceedings of the 2nd Wildlife Society of Nigeria (WISON) Conference held at the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria from 16th - 19th September, 2018.
  • Jacob, D. E., Nelson, I. U., Udoakapn, U. I. and Etuk, U. B. (2015). Wildlife Poaching in Nigeria National Parks: A Case study of Cross River National Park, International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation 5(4): 1-7 (doi: 10.5376/ijmec.2015.05.0004)
  • Jacob, D.E., Udoakpan U.I. and Nelson, I. U. (2013). Issues in Conflict Resolution in Cross River National Park, Southeastern Nigeria. 1st International Conference on Environmental Crisis and its Solution. Scientific and Research Branch, Khouzeslan, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island, Iran, 13th-14th February, 2013. pp 76-82.
  • Jacob, D.E. and A.U. Ogogo (2011). Community participation in protected area management: A case study of Cross River National Park. In: Popoola, L., K. Ogunsanwo and F. Idumah (eds). Forestry in the context of the millennium development goals, Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Forestry Association of Nigeria held in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Vol.1 p412-415.
  • Jang, S.S.; Feng, R. (2007). Temporal destination revisit intention: The effects of novelty seeking and satisfaction. Tour. Manag.,28, 580–590
  • Jensen, J.M. The relationships between socio-demographic variables, travel motivations and subsequent choice of vacation. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Economics, Business and Management, Singapore, 26–28 Feburary 2012; pp. 37–44
  • Jönsson, C.; Devonish, D. (2008). Does nationality, gender, and age affect travel motivation? A case of visitors to the Caribbean island of Barbados. J. Travel Tour. Mark, 25, 398–408
  • Kim, S.S.; Kim, M.; Park, J.; Guo, Y. (2008). Cave tourism: Tourists’ characteristics, motivations to visit, and thesegmentation of their behavior. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res.2008,13, 299–318
  • Marshal, P .J. (1985): A new method of censuring, Elephants and hippopotamus on Yankari Game Reserve. Nigeria Field 50: 5-11
  • Maxwell, K. and Weiler, B. 1998. 'Ecotourism and interpretation' in Contemporary Issues in Heritage and Environmental Interpretation, eds. D. Uzzell and R. Ballantyne, The Stationary Office, London. 76-78 Pp
  • McCright, A. M. 2010. The Effects of Gender on Clmiate Change Knowledge and Concern in the American Public. Popular Environment 32:66-87.
  • Moreri-Toteng, B. A. 2007. Variables Contributing to Satisfaction in Wildlife ourism. PhD. Thesis, University of the Free State Bloemfontein, Republic of South Africa.
  • Moscardo, G. 1998, Interpretation and sustainable tourism: Functions, examples and principles, Journal of Tourism Studies, 9(1): 2-13.
  • Moscardo, G.; Woods, B. and Saltzer, R. 2001. The Role of Interpretation in Wildlife Tourism In:Wildlife Tourism Impacts, Management and Planning. Coperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism, Pty Ltd. 602-612Pp
  • Muhumuza, M. and Balkwill, K. (2013) Factors affecting the success of Conserving Biodiversity in National Parks: A Review of Case Studies from Africa. International Journal of Biodiversity: 2013:20 pgs (ID:798101)
  • Ogunjinmi, A. A., Lawal, M. O., Osunsina, I. O. O, Jayeola O. A. and Salaudeen, M. (2008). Socio-cultural factors affecting snails’ consumption among ethnic groups in New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria. In: Adeyemi et al. (eds.) Animal Agriculture towards Millennium development in Nigeria, Proc.33rd Annual Conf., Nigerian Society for Animal Production, held at College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ayetoro, Ogun State. Pp 356-358.
  • Ogunjinmi, A. A., Onadeko, S. A. and Jayeola, O. A. (2010). Assessment of Interpretive Facilities and the Delivery of Interpretive Services in Nigeria National Parks. International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. 4 (1): 244-255
  • Oladeji S. O,,Agbelusi E. A, Ajiboye A. S. (2012). Assessment of Aesthetic Valeus of Old Oyo National Park. American Journal of Tourism Management, 1(3): 69-77 Omonona A. O. and Kayode, I. B. (2011). Ecotourism: Implications on Human and Wildlife Health. Ibadan University Press, pp. 25-36
  • O'Shaughessy, S. and Huddart-Kennedy, E. 2010. "Relational Activism: Reimagining Women's Environmental Work as Cultural Change." Canadian Journal of Sociology 35(4):551-572.
  • Perovic, D.; Stanovcic, T.; Moric, I. and Pekovic, S. (2012). What Socio-Demographic Characteristics Do influence the level of Tourism Satisfaction in Montenegro? Empirical Analysis. Journal of Tourism, 14:5-10.
  • Roche, C. and Wallington, B. (2014). What is Ecotourism? (http//:www.ewt.org.za). Accessed: 10 of April, 2020)
  • Scaborough Tourism Economic Activity Monitor (2009). Broads National Park.http://www.broads.gov.uk/_.../5b.-STEAM. downloaded on 8th of February, 2017.
  • Shahrivar, R. B. (2012). Factors That Influence Tourist Satisfaction. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research. JTTR-2012 Special Issue: 61-79
  • Shen, J. and Saijo, T. (2008). Re-examining the relations between socio-demographic characteristics and individual environmental concern: Evidence from Shanghai data. J. Environ. Psychol, 28, 42–50.
  • Sivalioglu, P. and Berkoz, L. (2012). User Satisfaction in National Parks. Academic Research International, 2(3):537-548
  • Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., and Kalof, L. (2005). Value orientations, gender and environmental concern. In: L. Kalof and T. Satterfield (Eds.), The Earthscan reader in environmental values. Earthscan, London: Sterling. Pp 188–206.
  • Szell, A. B. (2012). Environmental attitudes and Perceptions of Local Residents and Tourists toward the Protected Area of National Park, Romania. Master's Theses. Paper 59.
  • Vodouhe, F., Coulibaly, O., Adegbidi, A., and Sinsin, B. (2010). Community perception of biodiversity conservation within protected areas in Benin. Forest Policy and Economics, 12, 505-512.
  • Weladji, R; Moe, S. and Vedeld, P. (2003). Stakeholder environmental attitudes towards wildlife Policy and the Benone Wildlife Conservation Area, North Cameroon. Environmental Conservation, 30:334–343.

Determinants and perception of visitors’ satisfaction in Nigerian protected areas

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 220 - 234, 29.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.31195/ejejfs.842996

Abstract

Visitors' satisfaction is an important component of conservation that could be used to improve protected area management in order to increase conservation efficiency. Therefore, this study assessed visitors’ perception and some demographic factors, park interpretation and human relations in regard to their influences on tourist satisfaction in Okomu National Park and Yankari Game Reserve, Nigeria. The data was collected through the use of questionnaire randomly administered to 45 visitors in each protected area. The questionnaire was designed to cover the respondents’ demographic characteristics, perception of park interpretive service, level of human relations and level of visitors’ satisfaction. Data collected were analyzed descriptively in form of frequency counts, percentages means and standard deviation. Results revealed that Satisfaction of visitors with park services was significantly influenced by sex (p< 0.01), marital status (p< 0.01) religion (p< 0.01), age (p<0.05) and educational status (p<0.05). Park interpretation and human relations to tourists had a significant correlation (r = 0.482, 𝜌≤ 0.01) with the satisfaction of visitors with park service. The study concludes that the socio-economic status, beliefs and expectations of the tourist in terms of demographic influence should be planned for in order to meet their needs and thus obtain their support as well as meet the expectations of the visitors.

References

  • Adejumo, A.A., Amusa, T.O. and Adamu, T. (2014). Assessment of tourists flow and revenue generation In Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife And Environment, 6(2): 2141 – 1778
  • Akinola, O. O. (2017). The level of visitors’ satisfaction in relation to their expectation in Gashaka-Gumti national park, Nigeria. Int J Avian and Wildlife Biol., 4(2):68‒72. Aminrad, Z., Zakaria, S., Hadi, A.S. (2011). Influence of age and level of education on environmental awareness and attitude: Case study on Iranian students in Malaysian Universities. Soc. Sci., 6: 15–19.
  • Bennett, J. A. (2000). Managing Tourism Services: Southern African Perspective. Van Schaik Publishers: Pretoria.76Pp Bright, A. and Pierce, C. (2002). Information and Education for Managing Wildlife Viewing. In: Manfredo, M. (ed). Wildlife Viewing: A management handbook. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press. 277-306 Pp.
  • Brochu, L. and Merriman, T. (2002). Redefining interpretation as a core belief for certification of professionals. Journal of Interpretation Research, 7(1): 11-16. Cheung, L.T. and Jim, C. (2013). Ecotourism service preference and management in Hong Kong. Int. J. Sustain. Dev.World Ecol,20, 182–194
  • Clarke, J. and Critcher, C. (1988). The Devil makes Work. London: Basingstoke Macmillan, 220 p.
  • Cole, N. D. (2000). Visitors use density and wilderness experience. A historic review of research. In: Warne F, Cole W, (Eds). Visitor use density and wilderness experience: proceedings Missoula, USA. pp 11–20.14.
  • Dietz, T., Guagnano, G. A. and Stern, P. C. (1998). Social Structural and Social Psychological Bases of Environmental Concern. Environment and Behaviour 30(4):450-471. Dunlap, R. E., Van Liere, K. D., Mertig, A. G. and Jones, R. E. (2000). Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3): 425-442
  • Galley, G. and Clifton, J. (2004). The motivational and demographic characteristics of research Eco tourists: operation wallacea volunteers in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Ecotourism, 3(1): 69-82.
  • Garrod, B. and Wilosn, J.C. (eds.) (2003). Marine Ecotourism: Issues and Experiences, Channel View, Clevedon, UK.
  • Gladwell, B. (2004). In Search of Lost Leisure: The Impact of Care giving on Leisure Travel. Tourism Management, 2004;25(6):685–693.
  • Hayat, M. and Supinits, V. (2016). Measuring Domestic Tourist Satisfaction at Cox’s Bazar Sea Beach, Bangladesh. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 4(1): 149-156.
  • Higginbottom, K. (2004). Wildlife tourism impacts, management and planning. Altona: Common Ground Publishing Pty Ltd, 34-37Pp
  • Huh, J. (2002). Tourist Satisfaction with Cultural/Heritage Sites: The Virginia Historic Triangle. Master Thesis. Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic. Institute and State University. US.
  • Ijeomah, H. M. and Odunlami, S. S. (2013). The politics of Wild Resource Management in Yankari Wildlife Park: Implications on Biodiversity Conservation and Ecotourism management. International Journal of Safety and Security in Tourism. 4: 36-50
  • Jacob, D. E., Ityavyar, A. J. and Nelson, I. U. (2020). Impact National Parks on Livelihood and Conservation Behaviours of Households in Nigeria. Journal of Forestry, Environment and Sustainable Development, 6(1): 72-85
  • Jacob, D. E., Eniang, E. A., Ukpong, E. E., Udoakpn, U. I. and Nelson, I. U. (2019). Correlates of revenue and tourist flow in Old Oyo National Park. Journal of Forestry, Environment and Sustainable Development, 5(1): 47-55.
  • Jacob, D.E., S.A. Onadeko, I.U. Nelson and A.L.A. Shotuyo (2018a). Evaluation of Old Oyo National Park efficiency using DEA Approach. Economic and Environmental Studies 18 (1), 203-222.
  • Jacob, D. E., Etuk, I. M. and Nelson, I. U. (2018b). Assessment of Anti-Poaching Effectiveness in Old Oyo National Park, Nigeria. In: Eniang, E. A., Umoh, G. S. and F. Babalola (eds.). Ecotourism and National Development in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges. Proceedings of 6th 3rd Biennial NSCB Biodiversity Conference held in University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria from May 6 - May 10, 20018, 422 - 429pp.
  • Jacob, D. E., Eniang, E. A. and Nelson, I. U. (2018c). Impact of Nigeria National Parks on Support Zone Communities Livelihood. In: Ogunjinmi, A. A., Oyeleke, O. O., Adeyemo, A. I., Ejidike, B. N., Orimaye, J. O., Ojo, V. A., Adetola, B. O. and Arowosafe, F. C. Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of Wildlife. Proceedings of the 2nd Wildlife Society of Nigeria (WISON) Conference held at the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria from 16th - 19th September, 2018.
  • Jacob, D. E., Nelson, I. U., Udoakapn, U. I. and Etuk, U. B. (2015). Wildlife Poaching in Nigeria National Parks: A Case study of Cross River National Park, International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation 5(4): 1-7 (doi: 10.5376/ijmec.2015.05.0004)
  • Jacob, D.E., Udoakpan U.I. and Nelson, I. U. (2013). Issues in Conflict Resolution in Cross River National Park, Southeastern Nigeria. 1st International Conference on Environmental Crisis and its Solution. Scientific and Research Branch, Khouzeslan, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island, Iran, 13th-14th February, 2013. pp 76-82.
  • Jacob, D.E. and A.U. Ogogo (2011). Community participation in protected area management: A case study of Cross River National Park. In: Popoola, L., K. Ogunsanwo and F. Idumah (eds). Forestry in the context of the millennium development goals, Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Forestry Association of Nigeria held in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Vol.1 p412-415.
  • Jang, S.S.; Feng, R. (2007). Temporal destination revisit intention: The effects of novelty seeking and satisfaction. Tour. Manag.,28, 580–590
  • Jensen, J.M. The relationships between socio-demographic variables, travel motivations and subsequent choice of vacation. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Economics, Business and Management, Singapore, 26–28 Feburary 2012; pp. 37–44
  • Jönsson, C.; Devonish, D. (2008). Does nationality, gender, and age affect travel motivation? A case of visitors to the Caribbean island of Barbados. J. Travel Tour. Mark, 25, 398–408
  • Kim, S.S.; Kim, M.; Park, J.; Guo, Y. (2008). Cave tourism: Tourists’ characteristics, motivations to visit, and thesegmentation of their behavior. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res.2008,13, 299–318
  • Marshal, P .J. (1985): A new method of censuring, Elephants and hippopotamus on Yankari Game Reserve. Nigeria Field 50: 5-11
  • Maxwell, K. and Weiler, B. 1998. 'Ecotourism and interpretation' in Contemporary Issues in Heritage and Environmental Interpretation, eds. D. Uzzell and R. Ballantyne, The Stationary Office, London. 76-78 Pp
  • McCright, A. M. 2010. The Effects of Gender on Clmiate Change Knowledge and Concern in the American Public. Popular Environment 32:66-87.
  • Moreri-Toteng, B. A. 2007. Variables Contributing to Satisfaction in Wildlife ourism. PhD. Thesis, University of the Free State Bloemfontein, Republic of South Africa.
  • Moscardo, G. 1998, Interpretation and sustainable tourism: Functions, examples and principles, Journal of Tourism Studies, 9(1): 2-13.
  • Moscardo, G.; Woods, B. and Saltzer, R. 2001. The Role of Interpretation in Wildlife Tourism In:Wildlife Tourism Impacts, Management and Planning. Coperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism, Pty Ltd. 602-612Pp
  • Muhumuza, M. and Balkwill, K. (2013) Factors affecting the success of Conserving Biodiversity in National Parks: A Review of Case Studies from Africa. International Journal of Biodiversity: 2013:20 pgs (ID:798101)
  • Ogunjinmi, A. A., Lawal, M. O., Osunsina, I. O. O, Jayeola O. A. and Salaudeen, M. (2008). Socio-cultural factors affecting snails’ consumption among ethnic groups in New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria. In: Adeyemi et al. (eds.) Animal Agriculture towards Millennium development in Nigeria, Proc.33rd Annual Conf., Nigerian Society for Animal Production, held at College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ayetoro, Ogun State. Pp 356-358.
  • Ogunjinmi, A. A., Onadeko, S. A. and Jayeola, O. A. (2010). Assessment of Interpretive Facilities and the Delivery of Interpretive Services in Nigeria National Parks. International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. 4 (1): 244-255
  • Oladeji S. O,,Agbelusi E. A, Ajiboye A. S. (2012). Assessment of Aesthetic Valeus of Old Oyo National Park. American Journal of Tourism Management, 1(3): 69-77 Omonona A. O. and Kayode, I. B. (2011). Ecotourism: Implications on Human and Wildlife Health. Ibadan University Press, pp. 25-36
  • O'Shaughessy, S. and Huddart-Kennedy, E. 2010. "Relational Activism: Reimagining Women's Environmental Work as Cultural Change." Canadian Journal of Sociology 35(4):551-572.
  • Perovic, D.; Stanovcic, T.; Moric, I. and Pekovic, S. (2012). What Socio-Demographic Characteristics Do influence the level of Tourism Satisfaction in Montenegro? Empirical Analysis. Journal of Tourism, 14:5-10.
  • Roche, C. and Wallington, B. (2014). What is Ecotourism? (http//:www.ewt.org.za). Accessed: 10 of April, 2020)
  • Scaborough Tourism Economic Activity Monitor (2009). Broads National Park.http://www.broads.gov.uk/_.../5b.-STEAM. downloaded on 8th of February, 2017.
  • Shahrivar, R. B. (2012). Factors That Influence Tourist Satisfaction. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research. JTTR-2012 Special Issue: 61-79
  • Shen, J. and Saijo, T. (2008). Re-examining the relations between socio-demographic characteristics and individual environmental concern: Evidence from Shanghai data. J. Environ. Psychol, 28, 42–50.
  • Sivalioglu, P. and Berkoz, L. (2012). User Satisfaction in National Parks. Academic Research International, 2(3):537-548
  • Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., and Kalof, L. (2005). Value orientations, gender and environmental concern. In: L. Kalof and T. Satterfield (Eds.), The Earthscan reader in environmental values. Earthscan, London: Sterling. Pp 188–206.
  • Szell, A. B. (2012). Environmental attitudes and Perceptions of Local Residents and Tourists toward the Protected Area of National Park, Romania. Master's Theses. Paper 59.
  • Vodouhe, F., Coulibaly, O., Adegbidi, A., and Sinsin, B. (2010). Community perception of biodiversity conservation within protected areas in Benin. Forest Policy and Economics, 12, 505-512.
  • Weladji, R; Moe, S. and Vedeld, P. (2003). Stakeholder environmental attitudes towards wildlife Policy and the Benone Wildlife Conservation Area, North Cameroon. Environmental Conservation, 30:334–343.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Forest Industry Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Priscilla Ver This is me 0000-0002-5754-5445

Daniel Jacob 0000-0002-5754-5445

Early Pub Date September 30, 2021
Publication Date September 29, 2021
Submission Date December 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ver, P., & Jacob, D. (2021). Determinants and perception of visitors’ satisfaction in Nigerian protected areas. Eurasian Journal of Forest Science, 9(3), 220-234. https://doi.org/10.31195/ejejfs.842996

E-mail: Hbarist@gmail.com 

ISSN: 2147-7493

Eurasian Journal of Forest Science © 2013 is licensed under CC BY 4.0