Boerhavia erecta L. (Nyctaginaceae): A new record to the flora of Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 84 - 95

Aysel Ulus , Fatmagül Bolat

https://doi.org/10.31195/ejejfs.1494194

Abstract

Boerhavia erecta L. (Nyctaginaceae) is reported as a new record for the flora of Türkiye. The plant was first observed and photographed on June 30, 2023, along Uğur Mumcu Street in the Şarkonak neighborhood of Karaağaç village, Arsuz district, Hatay. Samples from a population of approximately 30 plants were collected and documented on January 27, 2024 and June 23, 2024. The species was also detected in another nearby locality on June 23, 2024, where it is in the colonization stage. Identification was based on extensive botanical literature reviews and detailed herbarium studies utilizing a 60x binocular microscope and handheld loupes with 50x and 60x magnifications. Our research revealed that this species had not previously been recorded in publications on the flora of Türkiye. This observation indicates the first recorded presence of Genus Boerhavia in Türkiye, likely introduced to the region via bird migration. Boerhavia species are well known for their widespread use in alternative medicine. Further studies about Boerhavia erecta L. are recommended to explore both the potential applications and the ecological impact.

Keywords

new record, Boerhavia, Nyctaginaceae, Türkiye, Arsuz

References

• Al-Hawshabi, O.S.S. (2015). Boerhavia erecta L. (Nyctaginaceae): A new record to the flora of the Arabian Peninsula from Yemen. International Journal of Advanced Research (2015), Volume 3, Issue 11, 813 - 817.
• Atlas of Florida Plants (2024). Boerhavia Erecta L., Sp. Pl. 3. 1753. https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant.aspx?id=2922 (Visited on date: 10.06.2024).
• Azeez, S. O., Matthew, J. O., Olaoluwa, E. A., Adegboyega, G. B., Akinyoola, I. O. (2020). Morphological and molecular studies of three species of Boerhavia L. from Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Ife Journal of Science, 22(2), 225-236.
• Bittrich, V., Kühn, U. (1993). Nyctaginaceae. In: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G. and Bittrich, V. (eds.) The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. 2, Flowering Plants, Dicotyledons. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 473-481.Ch Bogle, A. L. (1974). The genera of Nyctaginaceae in the southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 55(1), 1-37.
• Chen, S. H., Wu, M. J. (2007). A taxonomical study of the genus Boerhavia (Nyctaginaceae) in Taiwan. Taiwania, 52(4), 332-342.
• Choo, L. M., Chen, L. M. J., Turner, I. M. (2022). Flora of Singapore precursors, 31: The genus Boerhavia (Nyctaginaceae) in Singapore and clarification of Boerhavia diffusa in Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. [" Gardens' Bulletin Singapore"], 74(1).
• Chopra, R. N., Nayar, S. L., Chopra, I. C., Asolkar, L. V., Kakkar, K. K. ,Chakre O. J., Varma, B. S., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (India) (1956). Glossary of Indian medicinal plants.
• Davis, P.H. (1965–1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 1 - 9, University Press. Edinburgh, UK.
• Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K, 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol.10, Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh, UK.
• Debasmita, D. P., Maiti, G. G., Mondal, M. S. (2015). A taxonomic revision of the genus Boerhavia L. (Nyctaginaceae) in India. Journal of Global Biosciences, 4(3), 1704-1717.
• Dequan, L., Gilbert, M. G. (2003). Nyctaginaceae. In Z. Wu, P. H. Raven, D. Hong (Eds.), Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae (pp. 430-434). Science Press.
• Douglas, N., Spellenberg, R. (2010). A new tribal classification of Nyctaginaceae. Taxon, 59(3), 905-910. Ezeabara, C. A., Nwiyi, U. C. (2017). Investigation of Phytochemical and Proximate Components in Different Parts of Boerhavia diffusa L. and B. erecta L. Adv Appl Sci, 2(5), 60-3.
• Flora of North America (2024), Boerhavia erecta. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220001767. (Visited on date: 21 March 2024).
• Fosberg, F. R. (1978). Studies in the genus Boerhavia L.(Nyctaginaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany.
• Google Earth. (2024, 02 04). [Google Earth Image]. Retrieved: 2024, 30 06, https://www.google.com/earth/
• Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (eds.) (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını 1290p.
• Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Baser KHC (eds.) (2000). Flora of Türkiye and East Aegean Islands 11, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
• Haug, I., Weiß, M., Homeier, J., Oberwinkler, F., Kottke, I. (2004). Russulaceae and thelephoraceae form ectomycorrhizas with members of the Nyctaginaceae (caryophyllales) in the tropical mountain rain forest of southern ecuador. New Phytologist, 165(3), 923-936.
• Hernández-Ledesma, P., Berendsohn, W.G., Borsch, T., Von Mering, S., Akhani, H., Arias, S., et al. (2015). A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Willdenowia, 45, 281–383.
• Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J. (1954). Flora of West Tropical Africa (2nd ed., Vol. 1, Part 1). Crown Agents.
• Levin, R. A., Raguso, R. A., McDade, L. A. (2001). Fragrance chemistry and pollinator affinities in Nyctaginaceae. Phytochemistry, 58(3), 429-440.
• Mauseth MJ. (1988). Plant Anatomy. Benjamin Cummings, California.
• Mochanla, D. S., Aluri, J. S. R. (2021). The Reproductive Ecology of Boerhavia diffusa L. and Boerhavia erecta L.(Nyctaginaceae). Chief Editor Professor Khaled H. Abu-Elteen, 8(2), 93-109. Neto, I. L. d. C., Pace, M. R., Douglas, N. A., Nee, M., Sá, C. F. C. d., Moore, M. J., … Angyalossy, V. (2020). Diversity, distribution, development, and evolution of medullary bundles in Nyctaginaceae. American Journal of Botany, 107(5), 707-725.
• Nores, M. J., López, H. A., Rudall, P. J., Anton, A. M., Galetto, L. (2013). Four o'clock pollination biology: nectaries, nectar and flower visitors in Nyctaginaceae from southern South America. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 171(3), 551-567.
• Ocvirk S, Kistler M, Khan S, Talukder SH, Hauner H (2013). Traditional medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes in rural and urban areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh—an ethnobotanical survey. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 9:43 Tounekti
• Patil, K. S., Bhalsing, S. R. (2016). Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the genus Boerhavia. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 182, 200-220.
• Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Boerhavia erecta. Downloaded on 26 June 2024.
• Ravichandran, A. P., Sardesai, M. M., Yadav, S. R. (2020). Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Boerhavia (Nyctaginaceae) in India. Phytotaxa, 455(4), 277-286.
• Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (1998). Herbarium specimen E00894102. Retrieved 06 March, 2024. https://data.rbge.org.uk/search/herbarium/?cfg=fulldetails.cfg&barcode=E00894102
• Sankara Rao, K., Raja K Swamy, Deepak Kumar, Arun Singh R. and K. Gopalakrishna Bhat (2019). Flora of Peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Boerhavia erecta. Downloaded on 20 April 2024.
• Selvaraj, D., Dhivya, S., Sarma, R. K., Joseph, J. C., Srinivasan, R., & Ramalingam, S. (2012). Dna Barcode its Effectively Distinguishes the Medicinal Plant Boerhavia diffusa from its Adulterants. Genomics, Proteomics & Amp; Bioinformatics, 10(6), 364-367.
• Stemmerik, J. F. (1960). Nyctaginaceae. Flora Malesiana-Series 1, Spermatophyta, 6(1), 450-468.
• Struwig, M., Jordaan, A., Siebert, S. J. (2011). Anatomical adaptations of Boerhavia L. and Commicarpus Standl.(Nyctaginaceae) for survival in arid environments of Namibia. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica, 53(2).
• Struwig, M., Siebert, S. J. (2013). A taxonomic revision of Boerhavia (Nyctaginaceae) in southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany, 86, 116-134.
• Uludağ A, Aksoy N, Yazlık A, Arslan ZF, Yazmış E, Üremiş I, Cossu TA, Groom Q, Pergl J, Pyšek P, Brundu G (2017). Alien flora of Turkey: checklist, taxonomic composition and ecological attributes. NeoBiota 35: 61-85.
• Westra, L. Y., Stoffers, A. L. (1980). Nyctaginaceae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, 2(2), 167-181.
• WFO (2024a), Nyctaginaceae Juss. https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-7000000416. (Visited on date: 18/05/2024).
• WFO (2024b), Boerhavia erecta L. https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000567944; jsessionid=EBC469ABBF2A86345AAAC161DEB6984B (Visited on date: 26/06/2024). WFO (2024c). Boerhavia L. https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000004873 (Visited on date: 18/05/2024).
• Williamson, P. S., Bazeer, S. K. (1997). Self-incompatibility in Abronia macrocarpa (Nyctaginaceae). The Southwestern Naturalist, 409-415.
• Yuan, F., Lan, X. (2022). Sequencing the organelle genomes of Bougainvillea spectabilis and Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae). BMC Genomic Data, 23(1), 28.