Thermal Behavior of Waste-derived Fuels and Determination of Optimum Mixture Ratio for Gasification

Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 1 - 7, 01.12.2018

Atakan Öngen , Emine Elmaslar Özbaş , Nazlıcan Karabağ Hüseyin Kurtuluş Özcan , Serdar Aydın , Emirhan Kaya

Abstract

The study focused on
determination of thermal behavior of waste-derived fuel under air and air-free
conditions. Thermochemical processes are commonly used as waste management
options in order to produce energy and minimize the amount of solid wastes. Since
the population all over the world is rising, the general concern becomes to
find alternative ways to manage all types of waste in an economic manner as
increasing the process efficiencies. Treatment sludge, with its complex matrix,
needs special attention to prevent environment from its adverse effects in case
any contamination. The main idea in this paper is to increase energy content of
waste-derived fuel by mixing solid and liquid wastes. As a solid waste,
treatment sludge (raw sludge) from a domestic wastewater treatment facility was
selected. Waste cooking oil (used oil) was used as liquid form to increase
calorific value of waste mixture before gasification experiments. Elemental
carbon content of raw sludge increased from 27% (mass) to 32% and 37% after
preparing a proportion of 1/5 oil/sludge and 2/5 oil/sludge, respectively.
Thermochemical behavior of those mixtures were analyzed by Thermal Gravimetric
Analysis (TGA) technique. Optimum proportion for gasification of waste-derived
fuel was determined as 40%, which also prevents the mixture to behave like a
liquid due to viscosity. Syngas had a calorific value of approximately  2700 kcal/m³.

Keywords

Gasification, Energy, Waste-to-Energy, Syngas

References

• Referans1 Johannes W. Judex, Michael Gaiffi, H. Christian Burgbacher, 2012. Gasification of dried sewage sludge: Status of the demonstration and the pilot plant, Waste Management, Volume 32, Issue 4, 2012, pp. 719-723.
• Referans2Kokalj F., Arbiter B., Samec N., 2017, Sewage sludge gasification as an alternative energy storage model, Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 149, Pages 738-747.
• Referans3Nerijus Striūgas, Vitas Valinčius, Nerijus Pedišius, Robertas Poškas, Kęstutis Zakarauskas, 2017. Investigation of sewage sludge treatment using air plasma assisted gasification, Waste Management, Volume 64, 2017, pp. 149-160.
• Referans4Ongen A., 2016, Methane-rich syngas production by gasification of thermoset waste plastics, Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 18(3), 915-924.
• Referans5Ongen A., Özcan H.K., Özbaş, E.E., 2015. Gasification of biomass and treatment sludge in a fixed bed gasifier, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , Volume 41, Issue 19, 25 May 2016, Pages 8146–8153.
• Referans6Ongen A., Aydın S., Arayıcı S., 2017. Composition and energy potential of industrial sludge derived synthetic gas, Int. J. Global Warming, Vol. 11, No. 3.Ozcan H.K., Ongen A., Pangaliyev Y., 2016. An Experimental Study of Recoverable Products from Waste Tire Pyrolysis. Global NEST Journal, Vol 18, No 3, pp 582-590.
• Referans7Sebastian Werle, 2015. Gasification of a Dried Sewage Sludge in a Laboratory Scale Fixed Bed Reactor, Energy Procedia, Volume 66, 2015, pp. 253-256.
• Referans8Standard Methods, 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st Edition.
• Referans9URL 1. https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/fuels-higher-calorific-values-d_169.html. Last access: 25.12.2017.