Effects of Feed Additives in Fish Feed for Improvement of Aquaculture

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 49 - 57, 28.11.2019

Oluwatosin Ogunkalu

Abstract

Nutrition
is the major crucial factor determining the potential of cultured fish to
exhibit its genetic capability for growth and reproduction. The increased costs and short quantity of fish feed have given reason to the need to increase
research for substitutes. Therefore, the fish feeds require to be enriched with additives.
Feed additives are eatable substances that are included in fish feeds in very
little quantity to improve the feeds which in return improve the growth
performance and decrease the mortality rate in fish. Feed additives could be widely
categorized into two classes which are living and non-living. The utilization of
inexpensive live feed supplements as feed additives is broadly accepted and
embraced as a result of its eco-friendly nature. Hence, just a few options are
accessible in this class. The
living organisms applied as feed are probiotics, Plants and some algae. Probiotics are applicable
microorganisms in feeding the host. The inclusion of probiotics to the feeds improve
the feed conversion ratio and reduces the death rate. Probiotics are proven to
have potential to enhance the immunity of fish to response and improve the
immune system in fish There are strict laws on the usage of antibiotics and
chemotherapeutics in thin the aquafeed industry as a result of bioaccumulation
(Lim, et al., 2013). More Importance is accorded to feed additives, Nowadays,
many researchers proved the positive potentials of medicinal plants as feed
additives. The herbs increased the growth and usage of feed in the fish and
likewise decreased diseases through regulation of pathogens in the gastrointestinal
tract  A combination of medicinal plants
is applied and found to be effective and has the potentials to combat diseases
problem, and could supplement insufficiency of nutrients and phytochemicals.
Also, treatments of fish with medicinal plants before cooking could improve the
taste of the cooked fish. There is an urgent need to research more on novel feed
additives like the inclusion of herbs on fish feeds which reduce feed costs,
maximum digestibility, and prevention of residual effects of hormones and
antibiotics on fish muscles which in return have effects on the human that
consumes them. 

Keywords

Aquaculture, Fish feed, Feed additives, Probiotics, Plant antioxidant

References

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