Volatile compositions of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. infusions by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), antioxidant activity

Abstract

The genus Tilia (Tiliaceae) represents 45 species, of which six species are European. Tilia sp. are simple, cordate or deciduous trees with long, silicate shaped, 5-valve fruits and fragrant flowers. It is used as a medicinal tea in traditional medicine for colds, coughs, and hypertension and as an antioxidant. Within the scope of this research, Tilia platyphyllos Scop. in the culture form from Eskişehir was obtained, and infusions were prepared at different times (including 5 min., 10 min., 15 min., and 30 min., respectively). Headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to examine the volatile components in the infusion extracts. Major volatile compounds of infusion extracts determined as E)-β-ocimene (15.7-45.9%) and limonene (11.7-33.4%), respectively. Also, terpinolene (26.0%) were identified as the main compounds for 30 min infusion. After then, the infusion extracts were lyophilized, and the antioxidant activity of the infusion extracts were performed by DPPH· radical scavenging effect. It was determined that inhibition percentages were relatively high in the concentration range of 10-0.02 mg/mL (5.60-72.45%). Our first research was the chemical composition and biological activity of the time-dependent T. platyphyllos infusions.

Keywords

• Tilia platyphyllos Scop.
• volatile compounds
• infusion
• antioxidant activity

References

1. Mabberley DJ. The Plant-Book. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1997. ISBN: 0521414210.
2. Turkish Plants Data Service. Available at: https://www.tubives.com (Accessed on November 17, 2022)
3. Browicz K. Flora Europaea. In: Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA, editors. Tilia L. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1976. p. 247-248. ISBN: 0521087171.
4. Yayalaci Y, Celik I, Bati B. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of linden (Tilia platyphyllos L.) infusion against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats. J Membr Bio. 2014;247(2):181-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-013-9622-z
5. Blumenthal M, Goldberg A, Brinckmann J. Herbal Medicine. Expanded Commission E Monographs. Austin, TX: American Botanical Council; 2000. ISBN: 0967077214.
6. Bradley P. British Herbal Compendium. Bournemouth: British Herbal Medicine Association; 1992. ISBN: 9780903032124.
7. Demirci B, Demirci F, Başer KHC. Headspace-SPME and hydrodistillation of two fragrant Artemisia sp. Flavour Fragr J. 2005;19:395-398. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1426
8. Demirci B, Kırcı D, Öztürk G, Demirci F. The Effect of extraction time on Origanum onites L. infusions and essential oils–biological evaluation, statistical principal component and hierarchial cluster analyses. Chem Biodiversity. 2022;19(12):e202200482. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202200482

9. Demirci F, Demirci B, Gürbüz İ, Yeşilada E, Başer KHC. Characterization and biological activity of Achillea teretifolia Willd. and A. nobilis L. subsp. neilreichii (Kerner) Formanek essential oils. Turk J Biol. 2009;33(2):129-136. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-0808-1
10. Kelmendi N, Mustafa B, Zahiri F, Nebija D, Hajdari A. Essential oil composition of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. collected from different regions of Kosovo. Rec Nat Prod. 2020;14(5):366-371. http://doi.org/10.25135/rnp.171.19.11.1490
11. Prączko A, Góra J. The chemical composition of essential oil distillated from Linden blossoms. Żywność. 2000;4(25):90-94.
12. Toker G, Baser KHC, Kürkçüoğlu M, Özek T. The composition of essential oils from Tilia L. species growing in Turkey. J Essent Oil Res. 1999;11(3):369-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1999.9701158
13. Rădulescu V, Oprea E. Analysis of volatile compounds of officinal Tiliae flos by gas–chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Farmacia. 2008;56(2):129-138.
14. Pogačnık L, Ulrih NP. Determination of antioxidants in Medicinal herbs. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series VI: Medical Sciences. 2011;4(53):95-102.
15. Jabeur I, Martins N, Barros L, et al. Contribution of the phenolic composition to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor potential of Equisetum giganteum L. and Tilia platyphyllos Scop. Food Funct. 2017;8:975-984. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6FO01778A