Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia

Rainer Schneider; Nick Singer; Tim Singer

doi:10.5152/ejra.2022.22077

Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia

Abstract

Objective: Anosmia, a medical condition with a plethora of etiologies, has shown to be notoriously challenging to treat. It is often reduced to the observation that odors cannot be “smelled” or identified. No research has so far been conducted to assess whether anosmia is only limited to a loss of smell or if the neural olfactory information processing also impairs the physical response to odor stimuli. Methods: Individuals with temporary sinonasal anosmia were subjected to different inhalation protocols and control conditions. The physiological parameters assessed were arterial blood oxygenation, blood pressure, and heart rate variability. Results: Contrary to the large effects found in previous research with healthy persons, none of the parameters showed meaningful effects in individuals suffering from anosmia. Conclusion: The findings suggest that uninhibited olfactory information processing in the brain is a prerequisite for the functional mechanisms of odors to alter physiological processes.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Otorhinolaryngology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Rainer Schneider This is me
0000-0002-5943-647X
Germany

Nick Singer This is me
0000-0003-1315-7245
Switzerland

Tim Singer This is me
0000-0001-6649-7505
Switzerland

Publication Date

December 15, 2022

Submission Date

August 30, 2022

Acceptance Date

September 30, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 5 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5152/ejra.2022.22077

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA52YP82TM

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Schneider, R., Singer, N., & Singer, T. (2022). Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, 5(3), 77-83. https://doi.org/10.5152/ejra.2022.22077

AMA

1.Schneider R, Singer N, Singer T. Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2022;5(3):77-83. doi:10.5152/ejra.2022.22077

Chicago

Schneider, Rainer, Nick Singer, and Tim Singer. 2022. “Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals With Temporary Anosmia”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 5 (3): 77-83. https://doi.org/10.5152/ejra.2022.22077.

EndNote

Schneider R, Singer N, Singer T (December 1, 2022) Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 5 3 77–83.

IEEE

[1]R. Schneider, N. Singer, and T. Singer, “Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia”, Eur J Rhinol Allergy, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 77–83, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.5152/ejra.2022.22077.

ISNAD

Schneider, Rainer - Singer, Nick - Singer, Tim. “Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals With Temporary Anosmia”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 5/3 (December 1, 2022): 77-83. https://doi.org/10.5152/ejra.2022.22077.

JAMA

1.Schneider R, Singer N, Singer T. Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2022;5:77–83.

MLA

Schneider, Rainer, et al. “Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals With Temporary Anosmia”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 5, no. 3, Dec. 2022, pp. 77-83, doi:10.5152/ejra.2022.22077.

Vancouver

1.Rainer Schneider, Nick Singer, Tim Singer. Healthy Olfactory Information Processing Is a Prerequisite for Odors to Alter Physiological Processes: A Randomized, Controlled Proof-of- Concept Study Involving Individuals with Temporary Anosmia. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2022 Dec. 1;5(3):77-83. doi:10.5152/ejra.2022.22077