The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts

Imran Özdemir

doi:10.65396/ejra.1825480

The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts

Abstract

The upper and lower airways are anatomically connected and share immunological, physiological, and pathological features, which have led to the development of the “United Airways Concept” (UAC). This concept suggests a functional unity where disease processes in one area affect the other. Increasing evidence links upper airway diseases such as allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with lower airway conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), indicating that both airway segments should be viewed as a single structural and functional unit. This manuscript examines the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and integrated management strategies within the united airways framework. The bidirectional relationship is supported by common embryological origin, histopathological findings, inflammatory pathways, and clinical observations. Recognizing this unity provides new insights for diagnosing, treating, and preventing chronic respiratory diseases.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Otorhinolaryngology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Imran Özdemir This is me
Türkiye

Publication Date

August 31, 2025

Submission Date

February 16, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 8 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1825480

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA74ZN37ZY

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Özdemir, I. (2025). The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, 8(2), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1825480

AMA

1.Özdemir I. The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2025;8(2):85-89. doi:10.65396/ejra.1825480

Chicago

Özdemir, Imran. 2025. “The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 8 (2): 85-89. https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1825480.

EndNote

Özdemir I (August 1, 2025) The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 8 2 85–89.

IEEE

[1]I. Özdemir, “The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts”, Eur J Rhinol Allergy, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 85–89, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.65396/ejra.1825480.

ISNAD

Özdemir, Imran. “The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 8/2 (August 1, 2025): 85-89. https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1825480.

JAMA

1.Özdemir I. The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2025;8:85–89.

MLA

Özdemir, Imran. “The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 8, no. 2, Aug. 2025, pp. 85-89, doi:10.65396/ejra.1825480.

Vancouver

1.Imran Özdemir. The United Airways Concept: Bidirectional Interactions Between the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2025 Aug. 1;8(2):85-9. doi:10.65396/ejra.1825480