Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions

Liza Zhussupova; Bakhytkul Kenzhaliyeva; Jansulu Yessenbayeva; Rahila Islamzade; Shayanbekova Bakhytzhan; Galiya Omarova; Ashirali Smanov; Rıdvan Kızılkaya

doi:10.18393/ejss.1840946

Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions

Abstract

Soil salinity is a major abiotic constraint limiting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in arid and semi-arid regions, where excessive Na⁺ accumulation restricts nutrient uptake, disrupts photosynthesis, and suppresses biomass and grain formation. This greenhouse study evaluated the individual and interactive effects of a plant-derived liquid organic fertilizer (SOLF; 40% organic matter) applied at four doses and six foliar biostimulant treatments—plant-derived amino acids (P-AA), animal-derived amino acids (A-AA), seaweed extract (SW), and their combinations—on wheat grown in salt-affected soil. A 4 × 6 factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design (96 pots) revealed that both SOLF and foliar treatments significantly improved plant height, tiller production, leaf chlorophyll (SPAD), leaf area, key yield components, and grain yield (p < 0.05). The highest yield was obtained with the integrated D₃F₅ treatment (high SOLF × A-AA + SW), which produced 26.8 g pot⁻¹ (≈ 5.42 t ha⁻¹), representing a 58.7% increase compared with the untreated control. SOLF application substantially improved post-harvest soil properties by increasing soil organic matter (0.82% → 1.32%) and reducing electrical conductivity (5.2 → 3.8 dS m⁻¹), while foliar applications enhanced physiological performance and nutrient assimilation. Combined treatments produced clear synergistic effects, reflected in greater N, P, and K uptake and improved canopy vigor under salinity stress. Overall, the results demonstrate that integrating soil-applied organic carbon with amino acid– and seaweed-based foliar biostimulants offers a highly effective and sustainable approach to improving wheat growth, nutrient use, and productivity in saline soils. These findings highlight the potential of integrated organic-input strategies to reduce the negative impacts of salinity and contribute to more resilient wheat production systems.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Soil Sciences and Plant Nutrition (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Liza Zhussupova This is me
0000-0002-6379-3488
Kazakhstan

Bakhytkul Kenzhaliyeva ^* This is me
0000-0002-1815-9461
Kazakhstan

Jansulu Yessenbayeva This is me
0000-0001-8619-3250
Kazakhstan

Rahila Islamzade
0009-0003-6508-4305
Azerbaijan

Shayanbekova Bakhytzhan This is me
0000-0003-0399-6387
Kazakhstan

Galiya Omarova This is me
0000-0001-7776-6600
Kazakhstan

Ashirali Smanov This is me
0000-0001-7468-575X
Kazakhstan

Rıdvan Kızılkaya
0000-0001-7475-9851
Türkiye

Publication Date

January 2, 2026

Submission Date

May 2, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 6, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 15 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1840946

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89WF64DP

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Zhussupova, L., Kenzhaliyeva, B., Yessenbayeva, J., Islamzade, R., Bakhytzhan, S., Omarova, G., Smanov, A., & Kızılkaya, R. (2026). Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 15(1), 113-125. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1840946

AMA

1.Zhussupova L, Kenzhaliyeva B, Yessenbayeva J, et al. Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions. EJSS. 2026;15(1):113-125. doi:10.18393/ejss.1840946

Chicago

Zhussupova, Liza, Bakhytkul Kenzhaliyeva, Jansulu Yessenbayeva, et al. 2026. “Integrated Organic and Biostimulant Strategies to Improve Wheat Productivity under Salt-Affected Soil Conditions”. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science 15 (1): 113-25. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1840946.

EndNote

Zhussupova L, Kenzhaliyeva B, Yessenbayeva J, Islamzade R, Bakhytzhan S, Omarova G, Smanov A, Kızılkaya R (January 1, 2026) Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science 15 1 113–125.

IEEE

[1]L. Zhussupova et al., “Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions”, EJSS, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 113–125, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.18393/ejss.1840946.

ISNAD

Zhussupova, Liza - Kenzhaliyeva, Bakhytkul - Yessenbayeva, Jansulu - Islamzade, Rahila - Bakhytzhan, Shayanbekova - Omarova, Galiya - Smanov, Ashirali - Kızılkaya, Rıdvan. “Integrated Organic and Biostimulant Strategies to Improve Wheat Productivity under Salt-Affected Soil Conditions”. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science 15/1 (January 1, 2026): 113-125. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1840946.

JAMA

1.Zhussupova L, Kenzhaliyeva B, Yessenbayeva J, Islamzade R, Bakhytzhan S, Omarova G, Smanov A, Kızılkaya R. Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions. EJSS. 2026;15:113–125.

MLA

Zhussupova, Liza, et al. “Integrated Organic and Biostimulant Strategies to Improve Wheat Productivity under Salt-Affected Soil Conditions”. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, vol. 15, no. 1, Jan. 2026, pp. 113-25, doi:10.18393/ejss.1840946.

Vancouver

1.Liza Zhussupova, Bakhytkul Kenzhaliyeva, Jansulu Yessenbayeva, Rahila Islamzade, Shayanbekova Bakhytzhan, Galiya Omarova, Ashirali Smanov, Rıdvan Kızılkaya. Integrated organic and biostimulant strategies to improve wheat productivity under salt-affected soil conditions. EJSS. 2026 Jan. 1;15(1):113-25. doi:10.18393/ejss.1840946

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Sequential foliar NPK nutrition and amino acid supplementation mitigate plant-available water deficit effects on growth, yield, and tuber carbohydrates of potato under greenhouse conditions

EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS)

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1893889