Identification of strain types of some Beet necrotic yellow vein virus isolates determined in Northern and Central Parts of Turkey

Year 2016, , 241 - 248, 20.06.2016

Nazli Dide Kutluk Yilmaz

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.2016.3.241-248

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the agent of rhizomania disease, causes severe economic losses in sugar beet fields in all over the world. The virus is transmitted by a plasmodiophorid vector, Polymyxa betae Keskin. Twenty soil samples, collected from sugar beet fields in northern and central parts of Turkey during surveys in 2004 and 2005 and known to be infested with viruliferous cultures of P. betae carrying BNYVV, were selected and used in this study. Sample selection was made according to symptom expression of beet seedlings in preliminary bait plant tests and locations of the soil samples that accurately represent the region from which they were taken. Total RNAs were extracted from sugar beet plants grown in these soils and used to amplify RNA-2 (nt. 19-1088) and RNA-3 (nt. 50-1268) of BNYVV by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of PCR-amplified products showed that most of BNYVV isolates studied were A-type strain, however, two isolates did not exactly match the band profile of A-type strain. Additionally, the presence of BNYVV RNA-5 component was investigated by RT-PCR using the primers specific for P26 coding region. Four samples belonging to three provinces were found to be involving RNA-5 segment (20%).

Keywords

Sugar beet, rhizomania, RFLP, RT-PCR

References

• Abe, H., Tamada, T., 1986. Association of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus with isolates of Polymyxa betae Keskin. Annals of Phytopathological Society of Japan 52(2): 235-247.
• Akca, I., Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Kizilkaya, R., 2005. Effects of azadirachtin on Beet soilborne pomovirus and soil biological properties on sugar beet. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, Pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes 40 (2): 285-296.
• Akca, I., Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Kizilkaya, R., 2014. Evaluation of suppression of rhizomania disease by earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris L.) and its effects on soil microbial activity in different sugar beet cultivars. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 60 (11): 1565-1575.
• Bürcky, K., Büttner, G., 1985. Ansätze zur Selektion rizomaniatoleranter Zuckerrüben während der Jugendentwicklung. I: Virustiter. Zuckerindustrie 110(11): 997-1000.
• Burketova, L., Sindelarova, M., Rysanek, P., 1996. Induction of resistance of sugar beet plants to Polymyxa betae transmitted Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) by salicylic acid. Proceedings of the Third Symposium of the International Working Group on Plant Viruses with Fungal Vectors. West Park Conference Centre, Dundee, Scotland, 6-7 August, 1996. pp. 137-140.
• Chiba, S., Miyanishi, M., Andika, I.B., Kondo, H., Tamada, T., 2008. Identification of amino acids of the beet necrotic yellow vein virus p25 protein required for induction of the resistance response in leaves of Beta vulgaris plants. Journal of General Virology 89: 1314-1323.
• Chiba, S., Kondo, H., Miyanishi, M., Andika, I.B., Han, C., Tamada, T., 2011. The evolutionary history of beet necrotic yellow vein virus deduced from genetic variation, geographical origin and spread, and the breaking of host resistance. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 24 (2): 207-218.
• Clark, M.F., Adams, A.N., 1977. Characteristics of the microplate method of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the detection of plant viruses. Journal of General Virology 34: 475-483.
• Jupin, I., Tamada, T., Richards, K., 1992. Pathogenesis of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus. Seminars in Virology 2: 121-129.
• Kaya, R., 2009. Distribution of rhizomania disease in sugar beet growing areas of Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 15 (4): 332-340.
• Koch, F., 1987. Bericht über eine in verschiedene zuckerrübenanbaugebiete der Turkseker in Anatolien und Thrazien zum stadium von wurzelerkrankungen. KWS Kleinwanzlebener Saatzucht, AG, Einbeck, Germany.
• Koenig, R., Lüddecke, P., Haeberlé, A.M., 1995. Detection of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus strains, variants and mixed infections by examining single-strand conformation polymorphisms of immunocapture RT-PCR products. Journal of General Virology 76: 2051-2055.
• Koenig, R., Lennefors, B.L., 2000. Moleculer analyses of European A, B and P type sources of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and detection of the rare P type in Kazakhstan. Archives of Virology 145(8): 1561-1570.
• Koenig, R., Kastirr, U., Holtschulte, B., Deml, G., Varrelmann, M., 2008. Distribution of various types and P25 subtypes of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in Germany and other European countries. Archives of Virology 153(11): 2139-2144.
• Kruse, M., Koenig, R., Hoffman, A., Kaufmann, A., Commandeur, U., Solevyev, A.G., Savenkov, I., Burgermeister, W., 1994. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of reverse transcription-PCR products reveals the existence of two major strain groups of beet necrotic yellow vein virus. Journal of General Virology 75: 1835-1842.
• Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Meunier, A., Schmit, J.F., Stas, A., Bragard, C., 2007. Partial nucleotide sequence analysis of Turkish isolates of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) RNA-3. Plant Pathology 56(2): 311-316.
• Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Arli Sokmen, M., 2007. The effects of soilborne sugar beet viruses and their vector Polymyxa betae Keskin on symptom expression and root weight of sugar beet. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology 36(1-3): 39-52
• Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Arli Sokmen, M., 2010. Occurrence of soilborne sugar beet viruses transmitted by Polymyxa betae Northern and Central Parts of Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology 92 (2): 497-500.
• Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Sokmen, M., Gulser, C., Saracoglu, S., Yilmaz, D., 2010. Relationships between soil properties and soilborne viruses transmitted by Polymyxa betae Keskin in sugar beet fields. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 8 (3): 766-769.
• Kutluk Yilmaz, N.D., Arli Sokmen, M., Kaya, R., Sevik, M.A., Tunali, B., Demirtas, S., 2016. The widespread occurrences of Beet soil borne virus and RNA-5 containing Beet necrotic yellow vein virus isolates in sugar beet production areas in Turkey. European Journal of Plant Pathology 144 (2): 443-435.
• Li, M., Liu, T., Wang, B., Han, C.G., Li, D.W., Yu, J.L., 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus isolates from China. Virus Genes 36(2): 429-432.
• Meunier, A., Schmit, J.F., Stas, A., Kutluk, N., Bragard, C., 2003. Multiplex reverse transcription for simultaneous detection of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus, Beet soilborne virus, and Beet virus Q and their vector Polymyxa betae KESKIN on sugar beet. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69 (4): 2356-2360.
• Miyanishi, M., Kusume, T., Saito, M., Tamada, T., 1999. Evidence for three groups of sequence variants of beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA 5. Archives of Virology 144(5): 879-892.
• Pavli, O., Prins, M., Goldbach, R., Skaracis, G.N., 2011. Efficiency of Rz1-based rhizomania resistance and molecular studies on BNYVV isolates from sugar beet cultivation in Greece. European Journal of Plant Pathology 130: 133-142.
• Peltier, C., Hleibieh, K., Thiel, H., Klein, E., Bragard, C., Gilmer, D., 2008. Molecular biology of the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus. Plant Virology 2: 14-24.
• Rahim, M.D., Andika, I.B., Han, C., Kondo, H., Tamada, T., 2007. RNA-4 encoded p31 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus is involved in efficient vector transmission, symptom severity and silencing suppression in roots. Journal of General Virology 88: 1611-1619.
• Ratti, C., Clover, G.R.G., Autonell, C.R., Harju, V.A., Henry, C.M., 2005. A multiplex RT-PCR assay capable of distinguishing beet necrotic yellow vein virus types A and B. Journal of Virological Methods 124(1-2): 41-47.
• Rush, C.M., Liu, H.Y., Lewellen, R.T., Acosta-Leal, R., 2006. The continuing saga of rhizomania of sugar beets in the United States. Plant Disease 90 (1): 4-15.
• Schirmer, A., Link, D., Cognat, V., Moury, B., Beuve, M., Meunier, A., Bragard, C., Gilmer, D., Lemaire, O., 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of isolates of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus collected worldwide. Journal of General Virology 86: 2897-2911.
• Sohi, H. H., Maleki, M., 2004. Evidence for presence of types A and B of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus (BNYVV) in Iran. Virus Genes 29 (3): 353-358.
• Tamada, T., Shirako, Y., Abe, H., Saito, M., Kiguchi, T., Harada, T., 1989. Production and pathogenicity of isolates of beet necrotic yellow vein virus with different numbers of RNA components. Journal of General Virology 70: 3399-3409.
• Tamada, T., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., 1996. Evidence that Beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA 5 is involved in symtom development of sugar beet roots. Proceedings of the Third Symposium of the International Working Group on Plant Viruses with Fungal Vectors. West Park Conference Centre, Dundee, Scotland, 6-7 August, 1996. pp 49-52.
• Tamada, T., 1999. Benyviruses: In: Encyclopedia of Virology. Webster, R.G., Granoff, A. (Eds.). 2nd edition. Academic, London, pp.154-160.
• Tamada, T., Uchino, H., Kusume, T., Saito, M., 1999. RNA 3 deletion mutants of beet necrotic yellow vein virus do not cause rhizomania disease in sugar beets. Phytopathology 89: 1000-1006.
• Ward, L., Koenig, R., Budge, G., Garrido, C., McGrath, C., Stubbey, H., Boonham, N., 2007. Occurrence of two different types of RNA-5 containing beet necrotic yellow vein virus in the UK. Archives of Virology 152: 59-73.
• Wang, Q., Wang, H., Yu, J., Liu, Y., 2003. Screening of actinomyces against Polymyxa betae and detection of effectiveness on rhizomania disease. Journal of South China Agricultural University 8: 56-60.
• Yardimci, N., Culal-Kılıc, H., 2011. Identification of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in lakes district: A major beet growing area in Turkey. Indian Journal of Virology 22 (2): 127-130.