Role of soil physicochemical and microbiological properties in the occurrence and severity of chickpea's Fusarium wilt disease

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 304 - 312, 01.10.2019

Dahou Moutassem Lakhdar Belabid Yuva Bellik Noureddine Rouag Hanane Abed Siham Ziouche Faiza Baali

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.585160

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the
relative disease severity of chickpea wilt in the most important chickpea
growing areas in North Algeria and their relationship to soils properties. The
physicochemical and biological parameters of 14 soils were analyzed and
correlated to the disease index severity (Dis). Soil physicochemical
factors were determined as a means of particle size distribution, pH,
Electrical Conductivity (EC), CaCO₃ content, total Nitrogen
(Total-N), Olsen-P and biological factors including Foc inoculum density
(ID-Foc), Trichoderma spp propagule number (TrPn), Pseudomonas
spp and Bacillus spp. The results revealed that the spread of the
disease was evident in all prospected areas and recorded as low to medium with
values ranging from 2.05 to3 9.8. The disease severity was positively
correlated with EC (r=0.62), Total-N (r= 0.79), and ID-Foc
(r=0.72), whereas negatively correlated with Olsen-P (r=-0.67),
TrPn (r=-0.70) and Pseudomonas spp (r=-0.89). There
was no correlation between Dis and soil physical (clay, loam and sand),
chemical (pH, CaCO₃ content) and biological factors (Bacillus spp).
As well, ID-Foc was positively correlated with Total-N and negatively
correlated with Olsen-P. The results indicated that TrPn and Pseudomonas
spp were positively correlated, whereas both were negatively associated
with ID-Foc and Dis. Our finding pointed out the critical role of some
physicochemical and biological soil characteristics in the epidemic development
of chickpea wilt under field conditions.

Keywords

Chickpea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris, Nitrogen, Olsen-P, Trichoderma spp, Pseudomonas spp.

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