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Establishing a soil reference system for fertility assessment and monitoring at plot level in the highlands of Mindanao, Philippines

Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 189 - 196, 21.11.2014
https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.77806

Abstract

The study was conducted in the crop production areas of Miarayon Village, along the volcanic footslope of Mt. Kalatungan, Talakag, Bukidnon, Philippines. The elevation range of the longitudinal toposequence is 1,900 to 1,300 m asl. Production areas in the intermediate part of the toposequence (Salsalan) are located at about 1,600 to 1,400 m asl and in the lower part (Mambuaw) at 1,400 to 1,300 m asl. A total of 24 plots (12 in each location) which were planted to potatoes, carrots and corn were investigated. Soils are “Andic” Cambisol in open and convex positions and “Andic” Umbrisol in concave positions and toeslopes. The soil pH values ranged from 5.0-5.9. TOC and TN content were medium to high (4.1-8.9% and 0.30-0.80% respectively) with C/N ratios from 8-15. Range values of available Ca, Mg, K and Na were 1.9-11.24, 0.16-2.14 and 0.20-1.13, 0.04-0.13 cmol+kg-1, respectively. Top soil horizon exchangeable Al in Mambuaw was higher than in Salsalan. The differences in TN, C/N ratio and available K levels between the two locations were very highly significant, TOC was highly significant and for soil pH and available Ca and sum of bases, their disparities were significant.  Available Mg and Na did not differ between the two sites. Mean potato yield in Salsalan was 8.97 tha-1 more than in Mambuaw. Mean carrot yield in Salsalan was 2.39 tha-1 lesser than in Mambuaw. Mean corn yield in Salsalan was higher than in Mambuaw by 0.29 tha-1 only. Correlations between potato yields with TOC, TN, and available Ca were highly significant while soil pH and K were significant. There was no relationship detected between potato yields and Mg and Na. There was no association detected between carrot yields with topsoil nutrient levels. Correlations were noted in corn yields with available Ca, Mg and K.  

References

  • Bacatio, C.D., Kubotera, H., Nanzyo, M. and Yamada, I, 2005. Partial rejuvenation of the soil in Intavas Demo Farm, Bukidnon, Mindanao, Philippines, by volcanic ash materials, Special Review, JIFS, 2:19-27
  • Bear, F.E., Toth, S.J., 1948. Influence of Calcium on availability of other cations, in Soil Science, Volume 65, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA, 65:69-74.
  • BAS, 2013. Country statistics of the Philippines, Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Quezon City, Philippines, www.bas.gov.ph, Accessed: 18 July 2013.
  • Bock, L., 1994. Analyses de sols et gestion de l’espace – plaidoyer pour leur cadrage geomorphopedologique dans les projets, expertises et services de conseils, Etude et Gestion des Sols, no 1:23-33.
  • Camberato, J.J., Pan, W.L., 2000. Bioavailability of calcium, magnesium and sulphur, in Handbook of soil science, Sumner, M.E. (ed), CRC Press, D53-D69.
  • Cramb, R.A., 2005. Farmers’ strategies for managing acid upland soils in Southeast Asia: an evolutionary perspective, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 106: 69-87.
  • CMU, 2012. Agro-meteorological data (1988-2011), Central Mindanao University, Bukidnon, The Philippines.
  • Delecour, F., Kindermans, M., 1977. Profile description, Soil Science Service, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Belgium.
  • Driessen, P., Deckers, J., Spaargaren, O., Nachtergaele, F., 2001. Lecture notes on the major soils of the world, Food and Agriculture, Rome, Italy, 334p.
  • FAO, 2006. World reference base for soil resources: A framework for international classification, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy, 128p.
  • FAO, 1989, Guidelines for land use planning, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome Italy, 121p.
  • Fieldes, M., Perrot, K. W., 1966. The nature of allophanes soils: 3. Rapid field and laboratory test for allophanes, N.Z.J. Sci., 9:623-629.
  • Fritz, V.A., Tong, C.B.S., Rosen, C.J., Nennich, T., 2013. Carrots -vegetable crop management, University of Minnesota Extension, www.extension.umn.edu., 612-264-122, http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/fruit-vegetable/carrots-vegetable, Accessed: 24 June 2014.
  • Granados, G., 2000. Post-harvest management, in FAO (2000). Tropical maize: Improvement of production. FAO Plant Production and Protection Series # 28, FAO, Rome, Italy, 301-307.
  • Hauser, G.F., 1973. Soil fertility investigations on farmers’ fields. Food and Agriculture Organizations for the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 75p.
  • Kastner, T., Nonhebel, S., 2009. Changes in the land requirements for food in the Philippines: A historical analysis. Land Use Policy 27: 853-863
  • Landon, J.R., 1991. Booker tropical soil manual - A handbook for soil survey and agricultural land evaluation in the tropics and sub tropics, Longman Scientific and Technical, New York, 474p.
  • Lao, M.M., 1992. Bukidnon in historical perspective 1946-1985, Volume II, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines, 166-192.
  • Mizota, C., van Reeuwijk, L.P., 1989. Clay mineralogy and chemistry of soils found in volcanic material in diverse climatic region, Soil Monograph 2, International Soil Reference and Information Center (ISRIC), Wageningen, 194p.
  • NSO, 2012. The population density increases by 53 persons per square km, Reference Number: 2012-067, National Statistics Office, Release date: 30 August 2012, www.census.gov.ph, Accessed: 16 September 2013.
  • PAGASA-DOST, 2014. Rainfall normal values (1981-2010), Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration, Department of Science and Technology, Diliman, Quezon City, The Philippines. Http://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/climate-agromet/climate-info-statistics/climatological-normals. Accessed: 7 April 2014.
  • Rubatzky, R.B., Quiros, C.F., Simon, P.W., 1999. Carrots and related vegetable umbelliferae, CABI Publishing, 294p.
  • Sajona, F.G., Bellon, H., Maury, R.C., Pubellier, M., Quebral, R.D., Cotton, J., Bayon, F.E., Pagado, E. and Pamatian, P., 1997, Tertiary and Quaternary magmatism in Mindanao and Leyte, (Philippines): geochronology, geochemistry, and tectonic setting, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 15(2-3): 121-153
  • Sparks, D., 2000. Bioavailability of soil potassium, in Handbook of soil science, Sumner, M (ed), CRC Press, D38-D53.
  • Tatoy, B.F., Abragan, F.N., Lapoot, C.R., Apiag, C.T., Salvani, J.B., Madriaga, C.S., Bacho, A.P., Tumapon, A.S., Duna, L.V., Dumayaca, C.A., Flores, M.A., Ramos, L.A., Maape, E.S., 2001. Bacterial wilt management in potato through agro-technical approach, Research Compendium 2001, Northern Mindanao Integrated Agriculture Research Center, Department of Agriculture Regional Field Unit 10, Dalwangan, Malaybalay City, Philippines, 34-55.
Year 2014, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 189 - 196, 21.11.2014
https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.77806

Abstract

References

  • Bacatio, C.D., Kubotera, H., Nanzyo, M. and Yamada, I, 2005. Partial rejuvenation of the soil in Intavas Demo Farm, Bukidnon, Mindanao, Philippines, by volcanic ash materials, Special Review, JIFS, 2:19-27
  • Bear, F.E., Toth, S.J., 1948. Influence of Calcium on availability of other cations, in Soil Science, Volume 65, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA, 65:69-74.
  • BAS, 2013. Country statistics of the Philippines, Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Quezon City, Philippines, www.bas.gov.ph, Accessed: 18 July 2013.
  • Bock, L., 1994. Analyses de sols et gestion de l’espace – plaidoyer pour leur cadrage geomorphopedologique dans les projets, expertises et services de conseils, Etude et Gestion des Sols, no 1:23-33.
  • Camberato, J.J., Pan, W.L., 2000. Bioavailability of calcium, magnesium and sulphur, in Handbook of soil science, Sumner, M.E. (ed), CRC Press, D53-D69.
  • Cramb, R.A., 2005. Farmers’ strategies for managing acid upland soils in Southeast Asia: an evolutionary perspective, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 106: 69-87.
  • CMU, 2012. Agro-meteorological data (1988-2011), Central Mindanao University, Bukidnon, The Philippines.
  • Delecour, F., Kindermans, M., 1977. Profile description, Soil Science Service, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Belgium.
  • Driessen, P., Deckers, J., Spaargaren, O., Nachtergaele, F., 2001. Lecture notes on the major soils of the world, Food and Agriculture, Rome, Italy, 334p.
  • FAO, 2006. World reference base for soil resources: A framework for international classification, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy, 128p.
  • FAO, 1989, Guidelines for land use planning, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome Italy, 121p.
  • Fieldes, M., Perrot, K. W., 1966. The nature of allophanes soils: 3. Rapid field and laboratory test for allophanes, N.Z.J. Sci., 9:623-629.
  • Fritz, V.A., Tong, C.B.S., Rosen, C.J., Nennich, T., 2013. Carrots -vegetable crop management, University of Minnesota Extension, www.extension.umn.edu., 612-264-122, http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/fruit-vegetable/carrots-vegetable, Accessed: 24 June 2014.
  • Granados, G., 2000. Post-harvest management, in FAO (2000). Tropical maize: Improvement of production. FAO Plant Production and Protection Series # 28, FAO, Rome, Italy, 301-307.
  • Hauser, G.F., 1973. Soil fertility investigations on farmers’ fields. Food and Agriculture Organizations for the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 75p.
  • Kastner, T., Nonhebel, S., 2009. Changes in the land requirements for food in the Philippines: A historical analysis. Land Use Policy 27: 853-863
  • Landon, J.R., 1991. Booker tropical soil manual - A handbook for soil survey and agricultural land evaluation in the tropics and sub tropics, Longman Scientific and Technical, New York, 474p.
  • Lao, M.M., 1992. Bukidnon in historical perspective 1946-1985, Volume II, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines, 166-192.
  • Mizota, C., van Reeuwijk, L.P., 1989. Clay mineralogy and chemistry of soils found in volcanic material in diverse climatic region, Soil Monograph 2, International Soil Reference and Information Center (ISRIC), Wageningen, 194p.
  • NSO, 2012. The population density increases by 53 persons per square km, Reference Number: 2012-067, National Statistics Office, Release date: 30 August 2012, www.census.gov.ph, Accessed: 16 September 2013.
  • PAGASA-DOST, 2014. Rainfall normal values (1981-2010), Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration, Department of Science and Technology, Diliman, Quezon City, The Philippines. Http://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/climate-agromet/climate-info-statistics/climatological-normals. Accessed: 7 April 2014.
  • Rubatzky, R.B., Quiros, C.F., Simon, P.W., 1999. Carrots and related vegetable umbelliferae, CABI Publishing, 294p.
  • Sajona, F.G., Bellon, H., Maury, R.C., Pubellier, M., Quebral, R.D., Cotton, J., Bayon, F.E., Pagado, E. and Pamatian, P., 1997, Tertiary and Quaternary magmatism in Mindanao and Leyte, (Philippines): geochronology, geochemistry, and tectonic setting, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 15(2-3): 121-153
  • Sparks, D., 2000. Bioavailability of soil potassium, in Handbook of soil science, Sumner, M (ed), CRC Press, D38-D53.
  • Tatoy, B.F., Abragan, F.N., Lapoot, C.R., Apiag, C.T., Salvani, J.B., Madriaga, C.S., Bacho, A.P., Tumapon, A.S., Duna, L.V., Dumayaca, C.A., Flores, M.A., Ramos, L.A., Maape, E.S., 2001. Bacterial wilt management in potato through agro-technical approach, Research Compendium 2001, Northern Mindanao Integrated Agriculture Research Center, Department of Agriculture Regional Field Unit 10, Dalwangan, Malaybalay City, Philippines, 34-55.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Guadalupe D. Calalang This is me

Laurent Bock This is me

Gilles Colinet This is me

Publication Date November 21, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Calalang, G. D., Bock, L., & Colinet, G. (2014). Establishing a soil reference system for fertility assessment and monitoring at plot level in the highlands of Mindanao, Philippines. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 3(3), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.77806