Writing Rules

Preface
Authors are responsible for submitting well-written manuscripts. Manuscripts should be written in simple declarative sentences and must conform to accepted standards of English style and usage. Contributors who are not native English speakers are strongly advised, prior to submission, to ensure that a colleague fluent in the English language, if none of the authors is so, has reviewed their manuscript. Concise English without jargon should be used. Repetitive use of long sentences and passive tense should be avoided. It is strongly recommended that the text be run through computer spelling and grammar programs. Spelling should be British or American English and should be consistent throughout. Manuscripts may be rejected without peer review by the editor-in-chief if they do not comply with the instructions to authors, or are beyond the scope of the journal.

All manuscripts must be submitted electronically via the internet to the Eurasian Journal of Soil Science through the online system of the journal. You will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. Submission of a manuscript to the Eurasian Journal of Soil Science implies that: 1) the work described has not been published before (publication of a poster abstract or an oral presentation is not considered previous publication of the research); 2) it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; 3) its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities (tacitly or explicitly) at the institute where the work has been carried out; 4) if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the publisher (Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies). The publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.

Make sure that your manuscript be not more 20 pages of A4 size, one column, double spaced lines (font 12) with 2,5 cm margins on all sides of the page, roughly equal to 4500 – 5000 words. These 25 pages should also cover the graphs and tables presented. Before submission, please also make sure that there is no conflict between the Authors regarding the submitted manuscript. Manuscript submitted to Eurasian Journal of Soil Science are critically reviewed before they are published. The purpose of the review is to assure readers that the papers have been found acceptable by competent and independent professionals. The process often results in desirable changes to the manuscript.

Manuscript Structure
For non-English speaking Authors it is highly recommended to put their manuscript for English language editing before submission. Manuscript with no enough English standard will be rejected before scientific evaluation.

Manuscripts should be divided into the following sections:

1. Title Page
2. Abstract with title of manuscript and full names of authors
3. Key words
4. Introduction
5. Materials and Methods
6. Results (This section is somethimes combined with the discussion)
7. Discussion
8. Acknowledgements (optional),
9. References.

Section and sub-section headings should not be numbered. All pages should be numbered consecutively. Lines should also be numbered. In typing the manuscript, headings and subheadings should not be run within the text. They should be typed on a separate line, without indentation. Use title case for headings and sentence case for subheadings. Please use no more than three levels of displayed headings. Do not start sentences with an abbreviation or a numeral.

Title Page
The first page should contain a concise and informative title not exceeding 15 words, the names and addresses of the authors, and contact details of the corresponding author (postal address, e-mail, and fax and telephone numbers). The title of the manuscript must be in sentence case (e.g., Effects of N-enriched sewage sludge on soil enzyme activities). The title must be informative and should express data rather than the type of experiment. Avoid titles like “The effect of ...on...” or “Influence of ... on...” or similar.

Abstract
The Abstract must be in English, and should not exceed 300 words for the English abstract. The Abstract should state the purpose of the study, the major results, and conclusions.

Key words
A maximum of 6 key words, in alphabetical order, should be given at the end of the Abstract, allowing a 1-line space. Since key words are used for indexing, avoid terms that are too general (e.g. plant). Avoid use of abbreviations as key words.

Introduction
This part should define the background and significance of the problem by considering the relevant literature, particularly the most recent publications. The reasons why the study was conducted must be mentioned in this section, which will be tested and discussed in the Discussion section.

Materials and Methods
Please provide concise but complete information about the materials and the analytical and statistical procedures used. This part should be as clear as possible to enable other scientists to repeat the research presented.

Results
In this part, the same data/information given in a table must not be repeated in a figure, or vice versa. It is not acceptable to repeat extensively the numbers from Tables in the text and give long explanations of the Tables and Figures.

Discussion
This part must be written with reference to the tables and figures and by considering information from the literature. Statements made in the Introduction and Results sections should not be repeated here.

Acknowledgements (Optional)
Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. may be placed in a separate section before the reference list. The names of funding organisations should be written in full.

References
Do not overload the manuscript with citations. References should be cited in the text by the last name(s) of the author(s) and year of publication, for example “(Shein, 2010)” or “(Kizilkaya and Bayrakli, 2005)”. If the citation is the subject of the sentence, then only the date should be given in parentheses, for example “According to Shein (2010)” or “as suggested by Kizilkaya and Bayrakli (2005)”. For citation of references with 3 or more authors, only the first author’s name followed by “et al.” should be used, for example “(Karaca et al. 2002)” or “as shown by Karaca et al. (2002)”. If there is more than one reference in the same year for the same author(s), then please add the letters “a”, “b”, etc. to the year, for example “(Jones 2004a, 2004b)”. Separate the citations by semicolon and list chronologically, for example “(Karaca et al. 2002; Kizilkaya and Bayrakli, 2005; Shein, 2010)”. Only published papers or papers in press can be mentioned in the manuscript. Papers in preparation or in review can be mentioned within the text as unpublished data, but should not be included in the References section. References should be listed alphabetically at the end of the text without numbering. The manuscript should be checked carefully to ensure that the spellings of the authors’ names and year of publication are exactly the same in the text as in the reference list. References to journal articles, books, proceedings, chapters in books, etc. should be listed as given below (please note the punctuation and capitalisation):

Journal Articles
Please use always full name of a journal’s name.

Shein, E.V., 2010. Soil Hydrology: Stage of development, current state, and nearest prospects. Eurasian Soil Science 43(2): 158–167.
Kizilkaya, R., Bayrakli, B., 2005. Effects of N-enriched sewage sludge on soil enzyme activities. Applied Soil Ecology 30: 192-202.
Karaca, A., Naseby, D., Lynch, J., 2002. Effect of cadmium-contamination with sewage sludge and phosphate fertiliser amendments on soil enzyme activities, microbial structure and available cadmium. Biology and Fertility of Soil 35: 435-440.

Books
Adl, S.M., 2003. The Ecology of Soil Decomposition. CABI Publishing, USA. 335p.
Edwards, C.A., Bohlen, P.J., 1996. Biology and Ecology of Earthworms. Third edition. Chapman and Hall, London. 426p.

Chapter in Books
Kızılkaya R., Karaca, A., Turgay O.C., Çetin, S.C., 2011. Earthworm interactions with soil enzymes, In: Biology of Earthworms, Soil Biology, Karaca, A., (Ed.). Vol 24, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp.141-158.

Proceedings
Shein, E.V., Sakunkonchak, T., Milanovskiy, E.Y., Khaydapova, D.D., 2010. Physical properties of soddy- podzolic soils under longterm field experiment. In: Proceedings of the International Soil Science Congress on Management of Natural Resources to Sustain Soil Health and Quality. Kizilkaya, R., Gulser, C., Dengiz, O. (Eds.). 26-28 May 2010. Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. pp. 39-46.

Theses
Hepsen Turkay, F.S., 2010. Producing vermicompost by means of composting hazelnut and sewage sludge via earthworm and determining effests of vermicompost on the biological properties of soil in field and greenhouse experiment. PhD Thesis. Ondokuz Mayıs University, Department of Soil Science, Samsun, Turkey. 166 p.

Statistical treatment
When appropriate, include statistical analysis. Define all statistical measures and models clearly. Identify the number of independent replications of experimental treatments and the number of times individual experiments were duplicated. Levels of statistical significance that can be mentioned without further explanation should read as follows: *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001. Abbreviations, symbols etc: Abbreviations and acronyms should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter. To facilitate reader comprehension, abbreviations should be used sparingly. Latin terms suchas et al., in situ, in vitro, or in vivo, should not be italicised. Degree symbols (°) must be used (from the Symbol list on the Insert menu in MS Word) and not superscript letter “o” or number “0”. Multiplication symbols must be used (×) and not small “x” letters. Spaces must be inserted between numbers and units (e.g., 3 kg) and between numbers and mathematical symbols (+, –, ×, =), but not between numbers and percent symbols (e.g., 45%). Enzymes should be given with the EC-number when first mentioned.

Figures
All illustrations (photographs, drawings, graphs, etc.), not including tables, must be labelled “Figure”. Photos or drawings must have a good contrast of dark and light. Legends of figures should be brief, but complete and self-explanatory so that the reader can easily understand the results presented in the figure. The resolution of images should not be less than 118 pixels/cm when width is set to 16 cm. Images must be scanned at 1200 dpi resolution and submitted in jpeg or tiff format. Graphs and diagrams must be drawn with a line weight between 0.5 and 1 point. Graphs and diagrams with a line weight less than 0.5 point and more than 1 point are not accepted. Scanned or photocopied graphs and diagrams are not accepted. Charts must be prepared in 2 dimensions unless required by the data used. Charts unnecessarily drawn in 3 dimensions are not accepted. Captions must be written in sentence case (e.g., The yield of crude extract, total phenolic content, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and superoxide anion radical scavenging of WEC and EEC). Please do not duplicate material that is already presented in the tables. Dimensions of figures must be maximum 16 × 20 cm and minimum 8 cm wide. If statistical treatment has been applied, explain the test method used and the levels of significance in the legends to figures. All figures must be numbered using Arabic numerals unless there is only one table or figure, in which case it should be labelled “Figure”. Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.). All figures must be given at the end of the manuscript. Figures must be submitted both in the manuscript and as separate files.

Notes on figures that are submitted as individual files:

Figures that are charts, diagrams, or drawings must be submitted in a modifiable format, i.e. our graphics personnel should be able to modify them. Therefore, if the program with which the figure is drawn has a “save as” option, it must be saved as “*.ai” or “*.pdf”. If the “save as” option does not include these extensions, then the figure must be copied and pasted into a blank Microsoft Word document as an editable object. It must not be pasted as an image file (tiff, jpeg, or eps) unless it is a photograph.

Notes on figures that are embedded in the manuscript:

Figures must be copied and pasted into the manuscript as an editable object. It must not be pasted as an image file (tiff, jpeg, eps) unless it is a photograph.

Tables
For all tables, please use Word’s “gcreate table” feature, with no tabbed text or tables created with spaces and drawn lines. Tables must be clearly typed, each on a separate sheet, and double-spaced. Each table should be presented with a brief but complete and self-explanatory caption so that the reader can easily understand the results presented in the table. Column headings should be brief, but sufficiently explanatory. Avoid the use of vertical lines to separate the columns. Please do not duplicate material that is already presented in the figures. Dimensions of tables must be maximum 16 x 20 cm and minimum 8 cm wide. Tables may be continued on another sheet if necessary but the dimensions stated above still apply. Captions must be written in sentence case. All tables should be numbered using Arabic numerals unless there is only one table, in which case it should be labelled “Table”. Footnotes to tables are to be indicated by superscript lower-case letters, suitable symbol, or asterisk especially for significance values and other statistical data, and included beneath the table body.

Units of measurements

The metric system is standard, and SI (Systeme International d’Unites) units must be used as much as possible. Use mg kg-1 or µg kg-1 instead of ppm or ppb. Do not use “/“ to indicate “per” in unit designations. Use only a space as given in the following examples: 6 kg P ha-1, mg L-1, N m-2, km h-1. Areas should be expressed in hectares. The abbreviation for “liter” is always capital (upper case) “L”, for example mL.