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INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SHEAR THICKENING FLUID AND FABRIC STRUCTURE ON INTER-YARN FRICTION PROPERTIES IN TWARON FABRICS

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 501 - 510, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.823112

Abstract

It is known that shear thickening fluids increase the energy absorption capacity of high performance fabrics. For this reason, soft body armors were produced by impregnating shear thickening fluids recently on high performance fabrics. In this study, it is aimed that examine the effects of shear thickening fluid and fabric structure on the inter-yarn friction properties of para-aramid fabrics with different properties. Fumed silica was dispersed in polyethylene glycol to produce shear thickening fluid. Twaron 200 and Twaron 460 para-aramid fabrics with different properties such as threads number (105x105 and 67x67), areal density (200 gr / m2 and 460 gr / m2) and linear density (930 and 3360 Dtex) were impregnated with shear thickening fluid. It was observed that both of shear thickening fluid impregnated fabrics had higher yarn pull-out force than neat fabrics due to inter-yarn friction. When shear thickening fluid impregnated fabrics were compared to maximum yarn pull-out force; Twaron 200 and Twaron 460 fabrics requires approximately 3 times and 9 times more force to pull-out the yarn in comparison to the neat fabric respectively. In this study, it has been observed that the positive effects of shear thickening fluid impregnation on energy absorption of Twaron fabrics depend on structural parameters such as threads number, areal density and linear density.

Supporting Institution

Fırat Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi, TÜBİTAK Yurt İçi Öncelikli Alanlar Doktora Burs Programı 2211/C

Project Number

MF 19.44

Thanks

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support by the Research Fund of Firat University, Project FÜBAP-MF.19.44. The author Cenk Yanen also acknowledges the support of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) under Program 2211/C.

References

  • R. L. Hoffman, “Discontinuous and dilatant viscosity behavior in concentrated suspensions--1. Observation of a flow instability.,” Trans Soc Rheol, 1972.
  • R. L. Hoffman, “Discontinuous and dilatant viscosity behavior in concentrated suspensions. II. Theory and experimental tests,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1974, doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(74)90059-9.
  • R. L. Hoffman, “Explanations for the cause of shear thickening in concentrated colloidal suspensions,” J. Rheol. (N. Y. N. Y)., 1998, doi: 10.1122/1.550884.
  • G. Bossis and J. F. Brady, “The rheology of Brownian suspensions,” J. Chem. Phys., 1989, doi: 10.1063/1.457091.
  • W. H. Boersma, J. Laven, and H. N. Stein, “Viscoelastic properties of concentrated shear-thickening dispersions,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1992, doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(92)90385-Y.
  • J. R. Melrose, J. H. van Vliet, and R. C. Ball, “Continuous shear thickening and colloid surfaces,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 1996, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4660.
  • R. Bai, Y. Ma, Z. Lei, Y. Feng, and C. Liu, “Energy analysis of fabric impregnated by shear thickening fluid in yarn pullout test,” Compos. Part B Eng., vol. 174, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.106901.
  • U. Mawkhlieng and A. Majumdar, “Deconstructing the role of shear thickening fluid in enhancing the impact resistance of high-performance fabrics,” Compos. Part B Eng., 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107167.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, M. Alebooyeh, M. Alizadeh, M. S. Heydari, N. Kordani, and P. Khaksari, “The influences of particle–particle interaction and viscosity of carrier fluid on characteristics of silica and calcium carbonate suspensions-coated Twaron® composite,” J. Exp. Nanosci., vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 550–563, 2016, doi: 10.1080/17458080.2015.1094190.
  • S. Gürgen and M. C. Kuşhan, “The effect of silicon carbide additives on the stab resistance of shear thickening fluid treated fabrics,” Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 1381–1390, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1080/15376494.2016.1231355.
  • L. L. Sun, D. S. Xiong, and C. Y. Xu, “Application of shear thickening fluid in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fabric,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 129, no. 4, pp. 1922–1928, Aug. 2013, doi: 10.1002/app.38844.
  • N. Asija, H. Chouhan, S. Amare Gebremeskel, and N. Bhatnagar, “Impact response of Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) treated ultra high molecular weight poly ethylene composites – study of the effect of STF treatment method,” Thin-Walled Struct., vol. 126, pp. 16–25, May 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2017.04.025.
  • A. Majumdar, B. S. Butola, and A. Srivastava, “An analysis of deformation and energy absorption modes of shear thickening fluid treated Kevlar fabrics as soft body armour materials,” Mater. Des., vol. 51, pp. 148–153, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.016.
  • Y. Park, Y. Kim, A. H. Baluch, and C. G. Kim, “Empirical study of the high velocity impact energy absorption characteristics of shear thickening fluid (STF) impregnated Kevlar fabric,” Int. J. Impact Eng., vol. 72, pp. 67–74, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.05.007.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, P. Khaksari, M. Alebouyeh, M. Alizadeh, J. Khojasteh, and N. Kordani, “Investigating the quasi-static puncture resistance of p-aramid nanocomposite impregnated with the shear thickening fluid,” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., vol. 33, no. 22, pp. 2064–2072, Nov. 2014, doi: 10.1177/0731684414554635.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, M. Alebooyeh, M. Alizadeh, P. Khaksari, and N. Kordani, “Effect of silica weight fraction on rheological and quasi-static puncture characteristics of shear thickening fluid-treated Twaron® composite,” J. Ind. Text., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 473–494, Aug. 2016, doi: 10.1177/1528083715589750.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, M. Saeedi Heydari, N. Kordani, M. Alebooyeh, M. Alizadeh, and P. Khaksari, “Characterization of the rheological and mechanical properties of shear thickening fluid-coated Twaron® composite,” J. Text. Inst., vol. 108, no. 3, pp. 397–407, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1080/00405000.2016.1168091.
  • W. Li, D. Xiong, X. Zhao, L. Sun, and J. Liu, “Dynamic stab resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid,” Mater. Des., vol. 102, pp. 162–167, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.006.
  • S. Gürgen and M. C. Kuşhan, “The stab resistance of fabrics impregnated with shear thickening fluids including various particle size of additives,” Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., vol. 94, pp. 50–60, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.12.019.
  • S. Gürgen and M. C. Kuşhan, “The ballistic performance of aramid based fabrics impregnated with multi-phase shear thickening fluids,” Polym. Test., vol. 64, pp. 296–306, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.11.003.
  • D. Zhang, Y. Sun, L. Chen, S. Zhang, and N. Pan, “Influence of fabric structure and thickness on the ballistic impact behavior of Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite laminate,” Mater. Des., 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.074.
  • S. Arora, A. Majumdar, and B. S. Butola, “Structure induced effectiveness of shear thickening fluid for modulating impact resistance of UHMWPE fabrics,” Compos. Struct., vol. 210, pp. 41–48, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.11.028.
  • X. Z. Zhang, W. H. Li, and X. L. Gong, “The rheology of shear thickening fluid (STF) and the dynamic performance of anSTF-filled damper,” Smart Mater. Struct., vol. 17, no. 3, Jun. 2008, doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/17/3/035027.
  • Y. Xu, “Stabbing Resistance of Soft Ballistic Body Armour Impregnated with Shear Thickening Fluid,” 2016.
  • Y. Sun, R. Wang, X. Liu, M. Li, H. Yang, and B. Li, “Improvements in the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of phase-change microcapsules with oxygen-plasma-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 134, no. 44, Nov. 2017, doi: 10.1002/app.45269.
  • Q. shi Wang, R. jun Sun, M. Yao, M. yu Chen, and Y. Feng, “The influence of temperature on inter-yarns fictional properties of shear thickening fluids treated Kevlar fabrics,” Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.10.020.
  • M. Fahool and A. R. Sabet, “Parametric study of energy absorption mechanism in Twaron fabric impregnated with a shear thickening fluid,” Int. J. Impact Eng., 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.11.016.
  • X. Gong, Y. Xu, W. Zhu, S. Xuan, W. Jiang, and W. Jiang, “Study of the knife stab and puncture-resistant performance for shear thickening fluid enhanced fabric,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 641–657, Mar. 2014, doi: 10.1177/0021998313476525.
Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 501 - 510, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.823112

Abstract

Project Number

MF 19.44

References

  • R. L. Hoffman, “Discontinuous and dilatant viscosity behavior in concentrated suspensions--1. Observation of a flow instability.,” Trans Soc Rheol, 1972.
  • R. L. Hoffman, “Discontinuous and dilatant viscosity behavior in concentrated suspensions. II. Theory and experimental tests,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1974, doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(74)90059-9.
  • R. L. Hoffman, “Explanations for the cause of shear thickening in concentrated colloidal suspensions,” J. Rheol. (N. Y. N. Y)., 1998, doi: 10.1122/1.550884.
  • G. Bossis and J. F. Brady, “The rheology of Brownian suspensions,” J. Chem. Phys., 1989, doi: 10.1063/1.457091.
  • W. H. Boersma, J. Laven, and H. N. Stein, “Viscoelastic properties of concentrated shear-thickening dispersions,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1992, doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(92)90385-Y.
  • J. R. Melrose, J. H. van Vliet, and R. C. Ball, “Continuous shear thickening and colloid surfaces,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 1996, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4660.
  • R. Bai, Y. Ma, Z. Lei, Y. Feng, and C. Liu, “Energy analysis of fabric impregnated by shear thickening fluid in yarn pullout test,” Compos. Part B Eng., vol. 174, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.106901.
  • U. Mawkhlieng and A. Majumdar, “Deconstructing the role of shear thickening fluid in enhancing the impact resistance of high-performance fabrics,” Compos. Part B Eng., 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107167.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, M. Alebooyeh, M. Alizadeh, M. S. Heydari, N. Kordani, and P. Khaksari, “The influences of particle–particle interaction and viscosity of carrier fluid on characteristics of silica and calcium carbonate suspensions-coated Twaron® composite,” J. Exp. Nanosci., vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 550–563, 2016, doi: 10.1080/17458080.2015.1094190.
  • S. Gürgen and M. C. Kuşhan, “The effect of silicon carbide additives on the stab resistance of shear thickening fluid treated fabrics,” Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 1381–1390, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1080/15376494.2016.1231355.
  • L. L. Sun, D. S. Xiong, and C. Y. Xu, “Application of shear thickening fluid in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fabric,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 129, no. 4, pp. 1922–1928, Aug. 2013, doi: 10.1002/app.38844.
  • N. Asija, H. Chouhan, S. Amare Gebremeskel, and N. Bhatnagar, “Impact response of Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) treated ultra high molecular weight poly ethylene composites – study of the effect of STF treatment method,” Thin-Walled Struct., vol. 126, pp. 16–25, May 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2017.04.025.
  • A. Majumdar, B. S. Butola, and A. Srivastava, “An analysis of deformation and energy absorption modes of shear thickening fluid treated Kevlar fabrics as soft body armour materials,” Mater. Des., vol. 51, pp. 148–153, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.016.
  • Y. Park, Y. Kim, A. H. Baluch, and C. G. Kim, “Empirical study of the high velocity impact energy absorption characteristics of shear thickening fluid (STF) impregnated Kevlar fabric,” Int. J. Impact Eng., vol. 72, pp. 67–74, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.05.007.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, P. Khaksari, M. Alebouyeh, M. Alizadeh, J. Khojasteh, and N. Kordani, “Investigating the quasi-static puncture resistance of p-aramid nanocomposite impregnated with the shear thickening fluid,” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., vol. 33, no. 22, pp. 2064–2072, Nov. 2014, doi: 10.1177/0731684414554635.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, M. Alebooyeh, M. Alizadeh, P. Khaksari, and N. Kordani, “Effect of silica weight fraction on rheological and quasi-static puncture characteristics of shear thickening fluid-treated Twaron® composite,” J. Ind. Text., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 473–494, Aug. 2016, doi: 10.1177/1528083715589750.
  • H. R. Baharvandi, M. Saeedi Heydari, N. Kordani, M. Alebooyeh, M. Alizadeh, and P. Khaksari, “Characterization of the rheological and mechanical properties of shear thickening fluid-coated Twaron® composite,” J. Text. Inst., vol. 108, no. 3, pp. 397–407, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1080/00405000.2016.1168091.
  • W. Li, D. Xiong, X. Zhao, L. Sun, and J. Liu, “Dynamic stab resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid,” Mater. Des., vol. 102, pp. 162–167, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.006.
  • S. Gürgen and M. C. Kuşhan, “The stab resistance of fabrics impregnated with shear thickening fluids including various particle size of additives,” Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., vol. 94, pp. 50–60, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.12.019.
  • S. Gürgen and M. C. Kuşhan, “The ballistic performance of aramid based fabrics impregnated with multi-phase shear thickening fluids,” Polym. Test., vol. 64, pp. 296–306, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.11.003.
  • D. Zhang, Y. Sun, L. Chen, S. Zhang, and N. Pan, “Influence of fabric structure and thickness on the ballistic impact behavior of Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite laminate,” Mater. Des., 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.074.
  • S. Arora, A. Majumdar, and B. S. Butola, “Structure induced effectiveness of shear thickening fluid for modulating impact resistance of UHMWPE fabrics,” Compos. Struct., vol. 210, pp. 41–48, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.11.028.
  • X. Z. Zhang, W. H. Li, and X. L. Gong, “The rheology of shear thickening fluid (STF) and the dynamic performance of anSTF-filled damper,” Smart Mater. Struct., vol. 17, no. 3, Jun. 2008, doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/17/3/035027.
  • Y. Xu, “Stabbing Resistance of Soft Ballistic Body Armour Impregnated with Shear Thickening Fluid,” 2016.
  • Y. Sun, R. Wang, X. Liu, M. Li, H. Yang, and B. Li, “Improvements in the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of phase-change microcapsules with oxygen-plasma-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 134, no. 44, Nov. 2017, doi: 10.1002/app.45269.
  • Q. shi Wang, R. jun Sun, M. Yao, M. yu Chen, and Y. Feng, “The influence of temperature on inter-yarns fictional properties of shear thickening fluids treated Kevlar fabrics,” Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.10.020.
  • M. Fahool and A. R. Sabet, “Parametric study of energy absorption mechanism in Twaron fabric impregnated with a shear thickening fluid,” Int. J. Impact Eng., 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.11.016.
  • X. Gong, Y. Xu, W. Zhu, S. Xuan, W. Jiang, and W. Jiang, “Study of the knife stab and puncture-resistant performance for shear thickening fluid enhanced fabric,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 641–657, Mar. 2014, doi: 10.1177/0021998313476525.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Wearable Materials
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cenk Yanen 0000-0002-5092-8734

Murat Yavuz Solmaz 0000-0001-6394-0313

Ercan Aydoğmuş 0000-0002-1643-2487

Project Number MF 19.44
Publication Date December 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yanen, C., Solmaz, M. Y., & Aydoğmuş, E. (2020). INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SHEAR THICKENING FLUID AND FABRIC STRUCTURE ON INTER-YARN FRICTION PROPERTIES IN TWARON FABRICS. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 10(2), 501-510. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.823112

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