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Ballistic impact response of hybrid composite plates

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 8 - 16, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1406586

Abstract

The behaviors exhibited by materials used in military and civilian daily applications in response to ballistic impacts constitute an important field of study. These behaviors have been investigated experimentally on composite plates with different configurations. For this purpose, Para-Aramid (Kevlar)/epoxy and Para-Aramid (Kevlar)/Glass hybrid composite plates with two different configurations were produced. Specimens obtained from these plates were subjected to tests at velocities corresponding to armor levels IIIA, IIA, and II. As a result of the tests, the effects of the velocities on the target specimens were compared. At the same time, the deformations on the plates were also examined. The study, conducted at three different velocities, yielded positive results from the Para-Aramid (Kevlar)/epoxy composite in the level IIA test, while negative results were obtained from the two hybrid plates. In the levels II and IIIA velocity tests, deformations were observed in the composite plates. Matrix cracks and fiber breakages were detected in the deformations obtained.

Project Number

MÜHENDİSLİK.23.005

Thanks

This study was carried out with the contributions of the project numbered MÜHENDİSLİK.23.005, supported by DÜBAP.

References

  • [1] Muthaiyah, G., Ballistic impact response of laminated hybrid composite materials, Mechanical and Physical Testing of Biocomposites, Fibre-Reinforced Composites and Hybrid Composite. Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering, (2019), pp. 171-191. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-08-102292-4.00010-2
  • [2] Pandya, K.S., Pothnis, J.R., Ravikumar, G., Naik, N.K., Ballistic impact behavior of hybrid Composites, Materials and Design, 44, (2013), pp. 128–135. DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.044
  • [3] Signetti, S., Ryu, S., Pugno, N.M., Impact mechanics of multilayer composite armors: analytical modeling, FEM numerical simulation, and ballistic experiments, Composite Structures, 297 (2022). DOI:10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115916
  • [4] Kędzierski, P., Popławski, A., Gieleta, R., Morka, A., Sławiński, G., Experimental and numerical investigation of fabric impact behavior, Composites Part B: Engineering, 69 (2015), pp. 452-459. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.10.028
  • [5] Deliktaş, B., Poyraz, S., Durmuş, A., Sonlu elamanlar analizi ile kompozit malzemelerin balistik performansının tahmini, XX. Ulusal Mekanik Kongresi, (2017),pp.754-762.
  • [6] Tarım, N., Fındık, F., Uzun, H., Ballistic impact performance of composite structures, Composite Structures, 56 (2002), pp. 13–20. DOI:10.1016/S0263-8223(01)00177-5
  • [7] Choudhury, S., Ramagiri, B., Shah, B.K., Yerramalli, C.S., Guha, A., Ballistic response of woven glass fabric-epoxy composites at low temperatures: Experimental investigation, Composites Part C: 8 (2022), 100263. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100263
  • [8] Zhikharev, M.V., Sapozhnikov, S.B., Kudryavtsev, O.A., Zhikharev, V.M., Effect of tensile preloading on the ballistic properties of GFRP, Composites Part B: Engineering, 168 (2019), pp. 524-531. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.03.026
  • [9] Naik, N.K., Shrirao, P., Composite structures under ballistic impact, Composite Structures, 66 (2004), pp. 579–590. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.05.006
  • [10] Reddy, P.R.S., Reddy, T.S., Madhua, V., Gogia, A.K., Rao, K.V., Behavior of E-glass composite laminates under ballistic impact, Materials & Design, 84 (2015), pp. 79-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.094
  • [11] Ansari, M.M., Chakrabarti, A., Iqbal, M.A., An experimental and finite element investigation of the ballistic performance of laminated GFRP composite target, Composites Part B, 125 (2017), pp. 211-226. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.079
  • [12] Jenq, S.T., Jing, H.S., Chung, C., Predicting the ballistic limit for plain woven glass/epoxy composite laminate, Int. J. Impact Eng 15 (1994), pp. 451-464. DOI: 10.1016/0734-743X(94)80028-8
  • [13] Liu, Q., Guo, B., Chen, P., Su, J., Arab, A., Ding, G., Yan, G., Jiang, H., Guo, F., Investigating ballistic resistance of CFRP/polyurea composite plates subjected to ballistic impact, Thin-Walled Structures, 166 (2021), 108111. DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2021.108111
  • [14] Sorrentino, L., Bellini, C., Corrado, A., Polini, W., Aricò, İ.R., Ballistic performance evaluation of composite laminates in kevlar 29, Procedia Engineering, 88 (2015), pp. 255-262. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.048
  • [15] Naik, S., Dandagwhalb, R.D., Loharkar, P.K., A review on various aspects of Kevlar composites used in ballistic applications, Materials Today: Proceedings, 21(2020), pp.1366–1374. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.176
  • [16] Peng, L., Tan, M.T., Zhang, X., Han, G., Xiong, W., Al Teneiji, M., Guan, Z.W., Investigations of the ballistic response of hybrid composite laminated structures, Composite Structures, 282 (2022), 115019. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.115019
  • [17] Karthick, P., Ramajeyathilagam, K., Numerical study on ballistic impact behavior of hybrid composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, 59 (2022), pp. 995-1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.270
  • [18] Yanen, C., Solmaz, M.Y., Production of Laminated Hybrid Composites As A Body Armor Material And Investigation of Ballistic Performance, El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering, 3(2016), pp. 351-362. DOI: 10.31202/ecjse.264200
  • [19] Bitlisli, B., Yazıcı, M., Investigation of the Ballistic Performances of Composite Materials Used in Armored Vehicles, Uludağ University Faculty of Engineering Journal, 24 (2019), pp. 25-34. DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.494262
  • [20] Alarçin, S., Investigation of ballistic resistance of ultra high density polyethylene and carbon fiber hybrid composites, Technological Applied Sciences, 15 (2020), pp.29-40. DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2020.15.3.2A0182
  • [21] Sah, A. K., Pathak, R. K., Patel, S., Design and analysis of hybrid composite panels under ballistic impact, Materials Today: Proceedings, 87 (2023), pp. 104-109. DOI:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.031
  • [22] Reddy, P. R. S., Reddy, T. S., Mogulanna, K., Srikanth, I., Madhu, V., Rao, K. V., Ballistic Impact Studies on Carbon and E-glass Fibre Based Hybrid Composite Laminates, Procedia Engineering, 173 (2017), pp. 293-298. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.12.017
  • [23] Kumar, B. A., Lakshmi, V., Ahmad, S., The effect of hybridization on the ballistic impact behavior of hybrid composite armors, Composites Part B: Engineering, 76 (2015), pp. 300-319. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.03.012
  • [24] Yavaş, M. O., Avcı, A., Şımşır, M., Akdemir, A., Ballistic Performance of Kevlar49/ UHMWPEHB26 Hybrid Layered-Composite, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 7 (2015), pp.7-27. DOI: 10.29137/umagd.379789
  • [25] Randjbaran, E., Zahari, R., Jalil, N. A. A., Majid, D. L. A. A., Hybrid Composite Laminates Reinforced with Kevlar/Carbon/Glass Woven Fabrics for Ballistic Impact Testing, The Scientific World Journal, (2014), 413753. DOI: 10.1155/2014/413753
  • [26] Yahaya, R., Sapuan, S.M., Jawaid, M., Leman, Z., Zainudin, E.S., Measurement of ballistic impact properties of woven kenaf–aramid hybrid composites, Measurement, 77(2016), pp. 335-343. DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.09.016
  • [27] Rajesh, S., Ramnath, B. V., Elanchezhian, C., Abhijith, M., Riju, R. D., Kishan, K. K., Investigation of Tensile Behavior of Kevlar Composite, Materials Today: Proceedings 5(2018), pp. 1156–1161. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.196
  • [28] National Institute of Justice, Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armor NIJ Standard–0101.04. Office of Law Enforcement Standards National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, 2001, MD 20899–8102.
  • [29] Pekbey, Y., Aslantaş, K., Yumak, N., Ballistic impact response of Kevlar Composites with filled epoxy matrix, Steel and Composite Structures, 24 (2017), pp. 191-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.24.2.191
Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 8 - 16, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1406586

Abstract

Project Number

MÜHENDİSLİK.23.005

References

  • [1] Muthaiyah, G., Ballistic impact response of laminated hybrid composite materials, Mechanical and Physical Testing of Biocomposites, Fibre-Reinforced Composites and Hybrid Composite. Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering, (2019), pp. 171-191. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-08-102292-4.00010-2
  • [2] Pandya, K.S., Pothnis, J.R., Ravikumar, G., Naik, N.K., Ballistic impact behavior of hybrid Composites, Materials and Design, 44, (2013), pp. 128–135. DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.044
  • [3] Signetti, S., Ryu, S., Pugno, N.M., Impact mechanics of multilayer composite armors: analytical modeling, FEM numerical simulation, and ballistic experiments, Composite Structures, 297 (2022). DOI:10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115916
  • [4] Kędzierski, P., Popławski, A., Gieleta, R., Morka, A., Sławiński, G., Experimental and numerical investigation of fabric impact behavior, Composites Part B: Engineering, 69 (2015), pp. 452-459. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.10.028
  • [5] Deliktaş, B., Poyraz, S., Durmuş, A., Sonlu elamanlar analizi ile kompozit malzemelerin balistik performansının tahmini, XX. Ulusal Mekanik Kongresi, (2017),pp.754-762.
  • [6] Tarım, N., Fındık, F., Uzun, H., Ballistic impact performance of composite structures, Composite Structures, 56 (2002), pp. 13–20. DOI:10.1016/S0263-8223(01)00177-5
  • [7] Choudhury, S., Ramagiri, B., Shah, B.K., Yerramalli, C.S., Guha, A., Ballistic response of woven glass fabric-epoxy composites at low temperatures: Experimental investigation, Composites Part C: 8 (2022), 100263. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100263
  • [8] Zhikharev, M.V., Sapozhnikov, S.B., Kudryavtsev, O.A., Zhikharev, V.M., Effect of tensile preloading on the ballistic properties of GFRP, Composites Part B: Engineering, 168 (2019), pp. 524-531. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.03.026
  • [9] Naik, N.K., Shrirao, P., Composite structures under ballistic impact, Composite Structures, 66 (2004), pp. 579–590. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.05.006
  • [10] Reddy, P.R.S., Reddy, T.S., Madhua, V., Gogia, A.K., Rao, K.V., Behavior of E-glass composite laminates under ballistic impact, Materials & Design, 84 (2015), pp. 79-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.094
  • [11] Ansari, M.M., Chakrabarti, A., Iqbal, M.A., An experimental and finite element investigation of the ballistic performance of laminated GFRP composite target, Composites Part B, 125 (2017), pp. 211-226. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.079
  • [12] Jenq, S.T., Jing, H.S., Chung, C., Predicting the ballistic limit for plain woven glass/epoxy composite laminate, Int. J. Impact Eng 15 (1994), pp. 451-464. DOI: 10.1016/0734-743X(94)80028-8
  • [13] Liu, Q., Guo, B., Chen, P., Su, J., Arab, A., Ding, G., Yan, G., Jiang, H., Guo, F., Investigating ballistic resistance of CFRP/polyurea composite plates subjected to ballistic impact, Thin-Walled Structures, 166 (2021), 108111. DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2021.108111
  • [14] Sorrentino, L., Bellini, C., Corrado, A., Polini, W., Aricò, İ.R., Ballistic performance evaluation of composite laminates in kevlar 29, Procedia Engineering, 88 (2015), pp. 255-262. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.048
  • [15] Naik, S., Dandagwhalb, R.D., Loharkar, P.K., A review on various aspects of Kevlar composites used in ballistic applications, Materials Today: Proceedings, 21(2020), pp.1366–1374. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.176
  • [16] Peng, L., Tan, M.T., Zhang, X., Han, G., Xiong, W., Al Teneiji, M., Guan, Z.W., Investigations of the ballistic response of hybrid composite laminated structures, Composite Structures, 282 (2022), 115019. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.115019
  • [17] Karthick, P., Ramajeyathilagam, K., Numerical study on ballistic impact behavior of hybrid composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, 59 (2022), pp. 995-1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.270
  • [18] Yanen, C., Solmaz, M.Y., Production of Laminated Hybrid Composites As A Body Armor Material And Investigation of Ballistic Performance, El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering, 3(2016), pp. 351-362. DOI: 10.31202/ecjse.264200
  • [19] Bitlisli, B., Yazıcı, M., Investigation of the Ballistic Performances of Composite Materials Used in Armored Vehicles, Uludağ University Faculty of Engineering Journal, 24 (2019), pp. 25-34. DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.494262
  • [20] Alarçin, S., Investigation of ballistic resistance of ultra high density polyethylene and carbon fiber hybrid composites, Technological Applied Sciences, 15 (2020), pp.29-40. DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2020.15.3.2A0182
  • [21] Sah, A. K., Pathak, R. K., Patel, S., Design and analysis of hybrid composite panels under ballistic impact, Materials Today: Proceedings, 87 (2023), pp. 104-109. DOI:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.031
  • [22] Reddy, P. R. S., Reddy, T. S., Mogulanna, K., Srikanth, I., Madhu, V., Rao, K. V., Ballistic Impact Studies on Carbon and E-glass Fibre Based Hybrid Composite Laminates, Procedia Engineering, 173 (2017), pp. 293-298. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.12.017
  • [23] Kumar, B. A., Lakshmi, V., Ahmad, S., The effect of hybridization on the ballistic impact behavior of hybrid composite armors, Composites Part B: Engineering, 76 (2015), pp. 300-319. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.03.012
  • [24] Yavaş, M. O., Avcı, A., Şımşır, M., Akdemir, A., Ballistic Performance of Kevlar49/ UHMWPEHB26 Hybrid Layered-Composite, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 7 (2015), pp.7-27. DOI: 10.29137/umagd.379789
  • [25] Randjbaran, E., Zahari, R., Jalil, N. A. A., Majid, D. L. A. A., Hybrid Composite Laminates Reinforced with Kevlar/Carbon/Glass Woven Fabrics for Ballistic Impact Testing, The Scientific World Journal, (2014), 413753. DOI: 10.1155/2014/413753
  • [26] Yahaya, R., Sapuan, S.M., Jawaid, M., Leman, Z., Zainudin, E.S., Measurement of ballistic impact properties of woven kenaf–aramid hybrid composites, Measurement, 77(2016), pp. 335-343. DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.09.016
  • [27] Rajesh, S., Ramnath, B. V., Elanchezhian, C., Abhijith, M., Riju, R. D., Kishan, K. K., Investigation of Tensile Behavior of Kevlar Composite, Materials Today: Proceedings 5(2018), pp. 1156–1161. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.196
  • [28] National Institute of Justice, Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armor NIJ Standard–0101.04. Office of Law Enforcement Standards National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, 2001, MD 20899–8102.
  • [29] Pekbey, Y., Aslantaş, K., Yumak, N., Ballistic impact response of Kevlar Composites with filled epoxy matrix, Steel and Composite Structures, 24 (2017), pp. 191-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.24.2.191
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering (Other), Material Production Technologies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gurbet Örçen 0000-0002-8329-8142

Ferhat Ateş 0009-0000-0103-7823

Project Number MÜHENDİSLİK.23.005
Early Pub Date August 23, 2024
Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date December 18, 2023
Acceptance Date January 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Örçen, G., & Ateş, F. (2024). Ballistic impact response of hybrid composite plates. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 14(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1406586

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