Enerji Jeopolitiği ve Politikaları: Türkiye Örneği

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 97 - 108, 01.07.2025

İdris Demir , Sevda Korhan Barış

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı, enerji jeopolitiği ve politikalarını tarihsel, küresel ve ulusal bağlamda ele alarak Türkiye örneği üzerinden ayrıntılı bir biçimde analiz etmek ve enerjinin ekonomik büyüme, güvenlik ve dış politika üzerindeki etkisini vurgulamaktır. Bu bağlamda, enerji kaynaklarına erişimin jeopolitik dengeleri nasıl şekillendirdiği özellikle incelenmektedir. Sanayi Devrimi’nden günümüze kadar enerji kaynaklarının siyasi güçle olan ilişkisi, özellikle petrol ve doğalgazın stratejik rolü temel alınarak incelenmektedir. Ayrıca, enerji güvenliği, kaynak çeşitliliği ve coğrafi dağılım gibi kavramlar; uluslararası ilişkiler çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Küresel enerji politikalarının aktörleri, bu aktörlerin karar alma süreçlerine etki eden faktörler ve enerji krizlerinin sistematik etkileri örneklerle sunulmaktadır. Türkiye bağlamında ise, ülkenin coğrafi konumunun sağladığı birtakım avantajlar, enerji geçiş yollarındaki rolü ve ithalata olan bağımlılığı çerçevesinde analiz edilmektedir. Bunun yanında, Türkiye’de yerli üretimin artırılması, kaynak çeşitliliğinin sağlanması ve yenilenebilir enerjiye yönelme gibi stratejik ve politik hedeflere yer verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki enerji sisteminin hem arz güvenliğini, hem de ekonomik istikrar ve çevresel sürdürülebilirliği önceleyen bir görünüme sahip olduğu vurgulanmaktadır.

Keywords

Enerji Jeopolitiği , Enerji Politikaları , Enerji Güvenliği , Küresel Enerji Politikaları , Türkiye'nin Enerji Politikaları

Energy Geopolitics and Policies: The Case of Türkiye

Abstract

This article aims to analyze energy geopolitics and policies in a historical, global, and national context through the case of Türkiye and to highlight the impact of energy on economic growth, security, and foreign policy. In this context, how access to energy resources shapes geopolitical balances is specifically analyzed. The relationship between energy resources and political power from the Industrial Revolution to the present day is analyzed, with a particular focus on the strategic role of oil and natural gas. In addition, concepts such as energy security, resource diversity, and geographical distribution are analyzed within the framework of international relations. The actors of global energy policies, the factors affecting the decision-making processes of these actors, and the systematic effects of energy crises are presented with examples. In the context of Türkiye, some of the advantages of the country's geographical location are analyzed within the framework of its role in energy transit routes and its dependence on imports. In addition, Türkiye's strategic and policy objectives, such as increasing domestic production, ensuring resource diversification, and shifting towards renewable energy, are included. This study offers a unique assessment of Türkiye's energy policy, examining it not only in terms of its geographical location but also at the intersection of energy transition, sustainability, and foreign policy. Through a thematic analysis method based on policy documents, a holistic relationship between energy investments, diplomatic initiatives, and security strategies has been revealed. The findings obtained in this context demonstrate that Türkiye's energy projects carry not only technical but also geopolitical implications.

Keywords

Energy Geopolitics , Energy Policies , Energy Security , Global Energy Policies , Türkiye

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