Reaction of wheat germplasm to stem rust in Georgia

Abstract

Stem rust had represented a major threat to wheat production in the world including Georgia. Breeding for resistance to rusts is a major strategy for most wheat improvement programs. The wild and domestic relatives of wheat are important sources for disease resistance. Therefore, the objective of this study was identification of resistant genotypes to Georgian races of stem rust. A collection of fifty wheat accessions including endemic wheat species and subspecies, domestic varieties, new advanced cultivars and introduced entries from different international nurseries were evaluated under the artificial infection of stem rust in the field and greenhouse conditions. The wheat germplasm was screened using the predominant stem rust races mixture of Georgia. Resistance was detected in majority of the tested entries. The endemic species: Triticum monoccoccum (var.laetissimum Korn), Triticum timopheevi (var.tipicum Zhuk -var.viticulosum Zhuk), Triticum georgicum (var.chvamlicum Supat), Triticum dicoccum (var. farrum), Triticum carthlicum Men (var. fuliginosum Zhuk), Triticum carthlicum Men (Var. stramineum Zhuk), Triticum macha Dek et Men (var. megrelicum), Triticum macha Dek et Men (var. colchicum ), Triticum macha Dek et Men (var. palaeo-imereticum), Triticum spelta (var.dekaprelevichi Dorof) and old Georgian varieties: Khulugo, Tetri ipkli were resistant and moderate resistant to stem rust. Also, some introduced accessions (DBDI-2WWSRRN-34, Dorade/altay2000/4Bez/Nad//LZM (es85.24)3/F900k, Haurani / aegtaushi / cham6-6 / mz / cno67 / 3Ifn / 4 / ant / 5 / Attila-19FAWWON, Sunco / pastor-19FAWWON, SRMA / tui / / babax / 3JGR-11LR-Res-132, BTZ-18FAWWON-IRR-149) showed moderate resistance

Keywords

• wheat, landraces, species, resistance, rust

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