Determination of morphological variability of local pea genotypes

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine morphological variability of 40 pea genotypes obtained from Plant Gene Bank of Aegean Agricultural Research Institute and collected from five districts of Black Sea Region and divided according to seed colour and shape. Genotypes were sowed in the field area of Agricultural Faculty of Ondokuz Mayıs University in the autumn rearing period. 45 different traits were observed taking into account the list for identification suggested by UPOV and EU-CPVO. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was done in order to determine morphological variability. 13 principal component axis were obtained by the analysis. These components represented 85.61% of total variation among genotypes. Eigen value of the first 13 principal components ranged between 1.12-7.60 and 41.97% of the variation was explained. Properties of seed coat colour and leaf colour on the varieties with anthocyanin at the second main component axis and characteristics of dry leaf weight, dry stem weight, dry leaf / dry stem ratio at the third main component have larger values than ±0.3. As the eigen value of the genotypes was greater than 1, dendrogram was created by using Cluster analysis. Genotypes could be clustered in 8 groups based on Cluster analysis. Group A was found to be having the most genotypes with 14 numbers in these 8 groups. In this study it was determined that plant height varied between 57.5173.2 cm, branch number per plant 1.4-7.8, pod number per plant 10.6-43.0, pod length 4.9-9.9 cm, seed number per pod 4.0-7.6, seed yield per plant 5.3-30.0 g, 100 seed weight 10.3- 36.4 g and crude protein rate 16.3-23.6 %. The range of variation in observed traits suggested the usability of the genotypes in the variety development and breeding studies

Keywords

• local pea, morphological variability, cluster, principal component analysis

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