Utilization of Stress Tolerant Local Genotypes in Wheat Breeding Program in Context to Global Climate Change

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 11 - 26, 01.01.2020

Ramazan Ayrancı Seydi Ahmet Bagcı

Abstract

Global climate change is one of the most important factors threatening world food security. Agriculture has a key role
in the sustainability of life. The weakest aspect of agricultural production is that it is very susceptible to the effects of
changes in climate factors. At the beginning of climate change in the world and in our country, increasing air temperatures
and drought generated attention. Cereals have a very important role in ensuring world food security. Wheat has the
maximum cultivated area among cereals and is mostly grown in rain-fed areas. Global climate change and consequent
environmental stress factors cause significant yield losses in wheat. Many preventive measures are being taken to reduce
the impacts of global climate change. One of these measures is to improve new wheat varieties that are resistant or tolerate
to environmental stress factors. The greatest need for wheat breeding programs is the availability of appropriate genetic
resources and genotypic diversity that can adapt to changing climatic conditions. In this context, local varieties offer an
important potential of gene resources in terms of resistance to marginal climatic conditions. In Turkey, local varieties have
been widely used in breeding programs since the 1960’s. Gerek 79 (BW), Dağdaş-94 (BW) and Kızıltan-91 (DW), most
tolerant varieties in dry conditions, have been widely grown during winter in /facultative regions. Those varieties have
local hybrid varieties such as Yayla-305, Ankara-093/44 and Uveyik, respectively

Keywords

Breeding, climate change, drought, landraces, wheat

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