Genetic Divergence in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) - an Overview

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 1 - 20, 01.01.2021

Ravish Panchta Rajesh Kumar Arya Nguyen Nagoc Vu Rishi Kumar Behl

Abstract

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata L.Walp] is an important summer/rainy season legume crop which is tolerant to drought as
well as water logging conditions. It provides nutritious grain and an inexpensive source of protein. In cowpea breeding
programmes, the major emphasis has been on the collection and conservation of genetic pools. The knowledge on
the nature and extent of genetic variability present in any crop species plays an important role in designing a suitable
breeding method. Genetic diversity is the foremos t basic requirement for a successful breeding programme. Heritability
is a biostatistic commonly used in plant breeding and genetics works that estimates how much variation in a phenotypic
trait in a population is due to genetic variation among individual plants in that population. Genetic advance is the
improvement in the mean genotypic value of selected plant families over that of base population. It depends upon
phenotypic variability, heritability and intensity of selection. The evaluation of cowpea germplasm, quantification of
the magnitude of variability existing for different characters and classification into groups help in identifying potential
distinct genotypes which are having contrasting characters, can be used to operate effective selection of genetically
diverse genotypes for the improvement of yield. In this review paper, the research work carried on different aspects of
genetic divergence is discussed under the sub-heads, i.e. variation of qualitative and quantitative traits, genetic variability,
heritability and genetic advance, correlation and path analysis, genetic divergence using D2 analysis and genetic diversity
by using molecular markers.

Keywords

Cowpea, genetic variability and divergence, heritability, genetic advance

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