Evaluation of Sowing Density and Agro-Ecological Conditions on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yield and Components

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 128 - 138, 31.07.2022

Ahmad Yar Ahmadı Mohammad Wali Saları

Abstract

Wheat is the strategic crop in Afghanistan. Most wheat growers broadcast wheat seeds during sowing time, and sometimes
the growers sow more seeds 3 to 4 times more than appropriate rate. Variety adaptation is another concern when releasing
wheat varieties adapted to a broad environment. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sowing
densities at the rate of 100, 110, and 120 kg ha-1 seed density on the total yield of three wheat varieties, Baghlan 09, Kabul
013, and Moqwim 09 under Kabul and Khost Agro-Ecological conditions, Afghanistan. The experiment was conducted
using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that seed rate at 110 kg ha-1 in
Kabul province for Kabul 013 and Baghlan 09 varieties and 120 kg ha-1 in Khost province for all three varieties produced
maximum grain yield. Ranking the three varieties, Kabul 013 and Moqwim 09 produced the highest grain yield while
Baghlan 09 did not perform well in either of the two locations, Kabul and Khost. Interaction effects for all traits under
evaluation in the two locations were also significant. Traits like days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, and grain
yield were high in Kabul province compared to Khost. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among
days to heading and days to maturity (r=0.98***), spikelets spike-1 and grain yield (r=0.88*** and r=0.75***) in Kabul and
Khost provinces, respectively. Analysis indicated that the seed rate at 110 kg ha-1 for Kabul 013 and Baghlan 09 varieties
in Kabul province and 120 kg ha-1 for all three varieties were optimum sowing density in Khost province

Keywords

Agro-ecological conditions, grain yield, sowing density, varieties and wheat

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