Kültürel Zekâ: Beş Büyük Kişilik Modeli Bağlamında Bir Araştırma

Year 2020, , 65 - 82, 15.01.2021

Funda İşleyen , Ebru Doğan

https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2020.33.837088

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı; kültürel çeşitliliğe sahip işletmelerde, çalışanların kişilik özelliklerinin kültürel zekâ üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu kapsamda; araştırmanın temelini oluşturan kültürel zekâ kavramı, Büyük Beş Kişilik Modeli ve kültürel zekâ-kişilik ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Almanya’da bilişim ve teknoloji alanında faaliyet gösteren çok kültürlü yapıya sahip çokuluslu işletmelerde çalışanlar oluşturmuştur. Yapılan analizlerin sonucunda, çalışanların kişilik özelliklerinin kültürel zekâ ve boyutlarını etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, kültürel zekâyı en fazla etkileyen kişilik özelliğinin, deneyime açıklık olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. 

Keywords

Kültürel zekâ, kişilik, beş büyük kişilik modeli, çokuluslu işletmeler

Cultural Intelligence: A Research in The Context of The Big Five Personality Model

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of personality traits of employees on cultural intelligence in culturally diverse businesses. In this context, the concept of cultural intelligence which form the basis of the research, the Big Five Personality Model, and the relationship between cultural intelligence and personality were examined. The sample of the study was composed of employees in multinational companies with a multicultural structure operating in the field of information and technology in Germany. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the personality traits of the employees affect cultural intelligence and its dimensions. In this regard, it was found that the personality trait that mostly affect cultural intelligence is openness to experience.

Keywords

Cultural intelligence, personality, big five personality model, multinational companies

References

• Ang, S., & Van Dyne, L. (2008). Conceptualization of cultural intelligence: definition, distinctiveness and nomological network. S. Ang, & L. Van Dyne (Ed.), Handbook of Cultural Intelligence: Theory, Measurement and Applications içinde (ss. 3-15). M.E. Sharpe.
• Ang, S., & Inkpen, A. C. (2008). Cultural intelligence and offshore outsourcing success: a framework of firm-level intercultural capability. Decision Sciences, 39(3), 337-358.
• Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., Ng, K.Y., Templer, K. J., Tay, C. & Chandrasekar, N. A. (2007). Cultural intelligence: its measurement and effects on cultural judgment and decision making, cultural adaptation and task performance. Management and Organization Review, 3(3), 335-371.
• Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., & Koh, C. (2006). Personality correlates of the four-factor model of cultural intelligence. Group & Organization Management, 31(1), 100-123.
• Barrick, M. R., & Mount, M. K. (1991). The big five personality dimensions and job performance: a meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44(1), 1-26.
• Büyükuysal, M. Ç., & Öz, İ. İ. (2016). Çoklu doğrusal bağıntı varlığında en küçük karelere alternatif yaklaşım: ridge regresyon. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 110-114.
• Correl, W. (1976). Persönlichkeitspsychologie. Donauwörth: Ludwig Auer Verlag.
• Costa, P. T. Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992a). The five-factor model of personality and its relevance to personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 6(4), 343-359.
• Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992b). Four ways five factors are not basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13(6), 653-665.
• Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
• Depaula, P. D., Azzollini, S. C., Cosentino, A. C., & Castillo, S. E. (2016). Personality, character strengths and cultural intelligence: “extraversion” or “openness” as further factors associated to the cultural skills. Avances en Psicologia Latinamericana, 34(2), 415-436.
• Durmuş, B., Yurtkoru, E. S., & Çinko, M. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS’le veri analizi (4. Baskı). İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
• Earley, P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: individual interactions across cultures. Stanford California: Stanford University Press.
• Earley, P. C., & Mosakowski, E. (2004). Cultural intelligence. Harvard Business Review, 82(10), 139-146.
• Evans, E. H. (2012). Expatriate success: cultural intelligence and personality as predictors for cross-cultural adjustment [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. The University of Tennessee.
• Fehr, T. (2006) Big Five: Die fünf grundlegenden dimensionen der persönlichkeit und ihre 30 facetten. Simon, W. (Ed.). Persönlichkeitsmodelle und persönlichkeitstests içinde (ss.113-135). Gabal Verlag.
• Gardner, H. (1993). Multiple intelligence: The theory in practice. New York: Basic Books.
• George, J.M., & Zhou, J. (2001). When openness to experience and conscientiousness are related to creative behavior: An interactional approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 513-524.
• Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist, 48(1), 26-34.
• Güriş, S., Çağlayan Akay, E., & Güriş, B. (2020). R ile Temel Ekonometri. İstanbul: DER Yayınları.
• Hurtz, G. M., & Donovan, J. J. (2000). Personality and job performance: the big five revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6), 869-879.
• John, O. P., Angleitner, A., & Ostendorf, F. (1988). The lexical approach to personality: a historical review of trait taxonomic research. European Journal of Personality, 2(3), 171-203.
• John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The big-five trait taxonomy: history, measurement, and theoretical perspectives, L. Pervin & O. John (Ed.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research içinde (Second Ed., ss. 101-138). Guilford Publications.
• Judge, T. A., Higgins, C. A., Thoresen, C. J., & Barrick, M. R. (1999). The big five personality traits, general mental ability and career success across the life span. Personnel Psychology, 52(3), 621-652.
• Komarraju, M., Karau, S. J., & Schmeck, R. R. (2009). Role of the big five personality traits in predicting college students' academic motivation and achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 19(1), 47-52.
• Li, M., Mobley, W. H., & Kelly, A. (2016). Linking personality to cultural intelligence: an interactive effect of openness and agreeableness. Personality, and Individual Differences, 89, 105-110.
• McAdams, D. P. (1997). A conceptual history of personality, In R. Hogan, J. Johnson & S. Briggs (Ed.), Handbook of psychology içinde (ss. 3-39). CA: Academic Press.
• McCann, S. J. H. (2018). U.S. State resident big five personality and work satisfaction: the importance of neuroticism. Cross-Cultural Research, 52(2), 155-191.
• Mönks, F. J., & Knoers, A. M. P. (1996). Lehrbuch der Entwicklungspsychologie. München: Ernst Reinhardt Verlag.
• Rammstedt, B., Koch, K., Borg, I., & Reitz, T. (2004). Entwicklung und validierung einer kurzskala für die messung der big-five-persönlichkeitsdimensionen in umfragen. ZUMA Nachrichten, 28(55), 5-28.
• Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2015). Örgütsel davranış (Çev. Ed. İ. Erdem). Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
• Sendler, U. (Ed.). (2013). Industrie 4.0-Beherrschung der industriellen komplexität mit SysLM. Industrie 4.0 içinde (ss.1-19). Springer Verlag.
• Soldz, S., & Vaillant, G. E. (1999). The big five personality traits and the life course: a 45-year longitudinal study. Journal of Research in Personality, 33(2), 208-232.
• Snyder, M., & Ickes, W. (1985). Personality and social behavior. G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Ed.), Handbook of social psychology içinde (third ed., ss. 883-947). Random House. Triandis, H. C. (2006). Cultural intelligence in organizations. Group and Organization Management, 31(1), 20-26.
• Van Dyne, L., Ang, S., Ng, K. Y., Rockstuhl, T., Tan, M. L., & Koh, C. (2012). Sub-dimensions of the four-factor model of cultural intelligence: expanding the conceptualization and measurement of cultural intelligence. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(4), 295-313.