Elektrik Tüketimindeki Dalgalanmalar Geçici mi Yoksa Kalıcı mı? Türkiye İçin Amprik Bir Analiz

Year 2019, Issue: 31, 53 - 62, 31.12.2019

Oktay Kızılkaya , Gökhan Konat

Abstract

Elektrik, insan yaşamının her alanında vazgeçilmez bir girdidir. Enerji tüketiminin zaman serisi özelliklerinin araştırılması araştırmacılar ve politika yapıcılar için oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Eğer enerji tüketimi serisi durağanlık özelliği gösteriyor ise enerji tüketimine yönelik şoklar geçici olacaktır. Ancak enerji tüketimi serisi birim kök içeriyorsa, enerji tüketimine gelen şokların kalıcı etkileri olacaktır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’ye ait 1950-2017 yıllarını kapsayan elektrik tüketimi ve kişi başı elektrik tüketimi verileri kullanılmıştır. Ele alınan serilerin durağanlık özellikleri geleneksel birim kök / durağanlık testleri ve Becker, Enders ve Lee (2006) tarafından önerilen Fourier KPSS (FKPSS) durağanlık testi ile incelenmiştir. Becker Enders ve Lee (2006), yapısal kırılmaların doğasının tam olarak bilinemeyeceğini, birim kök testleri için kırılmaların yeri ve sayısını gösterecek özel bir rehberin bulunmadığını ifade etmektedir. Bu durumdan hareketle Fourier birim kök / durağanlık testleri geliştirilmiştir. Fourier yaklaşımını temel alan birim kök testleri, kırılma tarihlerinin, kırılma sayısının veya kırılma yapılarının bilinmediği durumlarda kullanılabilmektedir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar Türkiye için elektrik tüketimi serisinin durağan olmadığını ve elektrik tüketimindeki dalgalanmaların kalıcı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuç elektrik enerjisi piyasalarındaki büyük bir yapısal değişimden sonra enerji tüketiminin orijinal dengesine dönemeyeceğini göstermektedir. 

Keywords

Elektrik tüketimi, durağanlık testi, fourier fonksiyonu, türkiye

Supporting Institution

Yazarlar bu çalışma için finansal destek almamışlardır.

Are Fluctuations in Electricity Consumption Permanent or Transitory? An Empirical Analysis for Turkey

Abstract

Electricity is an indispensable input in every part of human life. Investigating the time-series properties of energy consumption is very important for researchers and policy-makers. If energy consumption is stationary, shocks to energy consumption will have temporary effects. However, if energy consumption contains a unit root, shocks to energy consumption will have permanent effects. In this study, per capita electricity consumption and electricity consumption data for Turkey, covering the years 1950-2017 is used. Stationarity of the series is examined using conventional unit root/stationarity tests and Fourier KPSS (FKPSS) stationarity test proposed by Becker, Enders and Lee (2006). Becker, Enders, and Lee (2006) stated that the actual nature of the breaks is completely unknown. Therefore, Fourier unit root tests (see Becker, Enders and Lee (2006)) were developed. The Fourier unit root tests can be used to approximate the unknown form of the structural breaks.  The results show that electricity consumption series do not exhibit stationarity and fluctuations in electricity consumption are permanent for Turkey. This result shows that after a major structural change in the electricity markets, energy consumption cannot return to its original balance. 

Keywords

Electricity consumption, stationarity test, fourier function, turkey

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