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Borders of Socio-Economic Development in Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 183 - 197, 11.09.2024

Abstract

Turkish economy is characterized by a dual regional structure. Historically, western regions form the relatively more developed and rich geography of the country. In the meantime, landlocked eastern regions are realizing a period of marginalization pushing majority of these regions toward full isolation from rest of the country. Our knowledge on this dual pattern departs mostly from monetary indicators. In this study, I use the socio-economic development index (SDI) which is first constructed by the State Planning Organization (SPO). The main objective is to use spatial tools for the period of 1963-2017 and to explore the historical evolution of spatial externalities and heterogeneity. This aims to visualize the socio-economic borders of Turkish provinces. While our findings confirm the spatial inertia for the under-developed eastern regions, they also show rising spatial spillovers among the developed western geography. However, this positive impact is geographically bounded by the central part of the country.

Ethical Statement

This study has been prepared in accordance with the rules of scientific research and publication ethics.

Thanks

Author greatly appreciates the research assistance of Cem Gürlevik.

References

  • Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. Crown Currency.
  • Aksoy, T., Taştan, H., & Kama, Ö. (2019). Revisiting income convergence in Turkey: Are there convergence clubs?. Growth and Change, 50(3), 1185-1217.
  • Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical analysis, 27(2), 93-115.
  • Charron, N., Lapuente, V., & Bauhr, M. (2024). The Geography of Quality of Government in Europe. Subnational variations in the 2024 European Quality of Government Index and Comparisons with Previous Rounds. University of Gothenburg, QoG Institute Working Paper Series, No: 2024:2.
  • Doğruel, F. (2013). Deindustrialization of old industrial regions in Turkey. Rives méditerranéennes, (46), 93-108.
  • Doğruel, F., & Doğruel, A. S. (2003). Türkiye’de bölgesel gelir farklılıkları ve büyüme. Köse, AH, Şenses, F ve Yeldan, E.(der.) İktisat Üzerine Yazılar I: Küresel Düzen, Birikim, Devlet ve Sınıflar, Korkut Boratav’a Armağan içinde, 287-318.
  • Filiztekin, A. (2018). Convergence across industries and provinces in Turkey. Ekonomi-tek, 7(3), 1-32.
  • Karahasan, B. C. (2020). Winners and losers of rapid growth in Turkey: Analysis of the spatial variability of convergence. Papers in Regional Science, 99(3), 603-644.
  • Karahasan, B. C., & Bilgel, F. (2019). Spatial distribution of healthcare access and utilization: do they affect health outcomes in Turkey?. Middle East Development Journal, 11(1), 124-163.
  • Karahasan, B. C., & Bilgel, F. (2020). Market access and regional dispersion of human capital accumulation in Turkey. Review of Development Economics, 24(3), 1073-1101.
  • Livert, F., & Gainza, X. (2018). Distributive politics and spatial equity: the allocation of public investment in Chile. Regional Studies, 52(3), 403-415.
  • MIT (2024). Ministry of Industry and Technology, Socio-economic development index (SDI), https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/merkez-birimi/b94224510b7b/sege (last accessed on 19 July 2024).
  • Rey, S. J., & Janikas, M. V. (2005). Regional convergence, inequality, and space. Journal of Economic Geography, 5(2), 155-176.
  • Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2018). The revenge of the places that don’t matter (and what to do about it). Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 11(1), 189-209.
  • UNDP (2023). 2023 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index, Unstacking global poverty: Data for high impact action, New York.

Türkiye’de Sosyoekonomik Gelişmişliğin Sınırları

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 183 - 197, 11.09.2024

Abstract

Türkiye bölgesel olarak ikili bir ekonomik yapıya sahiptir. Tarihsel olarak, zengin bölgeler batı coğrafyasında kümelenirken, görece daha yoksul ve içine kapalı bölgelerin doğu coğrafyasında bulunduğu görülmektedir. Bu konu hakkında sahip olduğumuz bilgiler ise ağırlıklı olarak parasal göstergelerden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ilki Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı (DPT) tarafından hazırlanan sosyoekonomik gelişmişlik endeksi (SEGE) kullanılacaktır. Temel amaç, 1963-2017 dönemi için mekânsal araçlar kullanarak tarihsel olarak ortaya çıkan mekânsal dışsallıkları ve heterojenlikleri araştırmaktır. Bu şekilde Türkiye’de sosyoekonomik gelişmişliğin gerçek sınırlarının anlaşılması hedeflenmektedir. Mekânsal analizler batı bölgelerinde sosyoekonomik açıdan hızlı bir biçimde mekânsal yayılma olduğuna, öte yandan doğu bölgelerindeki geri kalmış yapının tarihsel olarak değişkenlik göstermediğine işaret etmektedir. Bu açıdan sosyoekonomik gelişmişliğin sınırlarının az gelişmiş bölgeler açısından katı ve sabit olduğu zengin bölgeler açısından ise orta Anadolu’yu geçmeyecek şekilde yayıldığını söylemek mümkün olmaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma bilimsel araştırma ve yayın etiği kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlanmıştır.

Thanks

Yazar araştırma sürecindeki araştırma desteği için Cem Gürlevik’e teşekkür eder.

References

  • Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. Crown Currency.
  • Aksoy, T., Taştan, H., & Kama, Ö. (2019). Revisiting income convergence in Turkey: Are there convergence clubs?. Growth and Change, 50(3), 1185-1217.
  • Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical analysis, 27(2), 93-115.
  • Charron, N., Lapuente, V., & Bauhr, M. (2024). The Geography of Quality of Government in Europe. Subnational variations in the 2024 European Quality of Government Index and Comparisons with Previous Rounds. University of Gothenburg, QoG Institute Working Paper Series, No: 2024:2.
  • Doğruel, F. (2013). Deindustrialization of old industrial regions in Turkey. Rives méditerranéennes, (46), 93-108.
  • Doğruel, F., & Doğruel, A. S. (2003). Türkiye’de bölgesel gelir farklılıkları ve büyüme. Köse, AH, Şenses, F ve Yeldan, E.(der.) İktisat Üzerine Yazılar I: Küresel Düzen, Birikim, Devlet ve Sınıflar, Korkut Boratav’a Armağan içinde, 287-318.
  • Filiztekin, A. (2018). Convergence across industries and provinces in Turkey. Ekonomi-tek, 7(3), 1-32.
  • Karahasan, B. C. (2020). Winners and losers of rapid growth in Turkey: Analysis of the spatial variability of convergence. Papers in Regional Science, 99(3), 603-644.
  • Karahasan, B. C., & Bilgel, F. (2019). Spatial distribution of healthcare access and utilization: do they affect health outcomes in Turkey?. Middle East Development Journal, 11(1), 124-163.
  • Karahasan, B. C., & Bilgel, F. (2020). Market access and regional dispersion of human capital accumulation in Turkey. Review of Development Economics, 24(3), 1073-1101.
  • Livert, F., & Gainza, X. (2018). Distributive politics and spatial equity: the allocation of public investment in Chile. Regional Studies, 52(3), 403-415.
  • MIT (2024). Ministry of Industry and Technology, Socio-economic development index (SDI), https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/merkez-birimi/b94224510b7b/sege (last accessed on 19 July 2024).
  • Rey, S. J., & Janikas, M. V. (2005). Regional convergence, inequality, and space. Journal of Economic Geography, 5(2), 155-176.
  • Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2018). The revenge of the places that don’t matter (and what to do about it). Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 11(1), 189-209.
  • UNDP (2023). 2023 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index, Unstacking global poverty: Data for high impact action, New York.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Development Economics - Macro
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Burhan Can Karahasan 0000-0002-4624-9413

Publication Date September 11, 2024
Submission Date July 22, 2024
Acceptance Date August 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karahasan, B. C. (2024). Borders of Socio-Economic Development in Türkiye. Ekonomi-Tek, 13(2), 183-197.