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Year 2023, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 9 - 17, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.29228/eng.pers.69296

Abstract

References

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  • 6. Silva J E, Urbanetz J., (2019). Converting a conventional vehicle into an electric vehicle (EV). Braz. Arch. Biol. and Technol., 62:1–12.
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  • 20. Globalpetrolprices.com, (2022). Indian Electricity Prices, Availa-ble at: https://www.globalpetrolprices.com/India/electricity_prices/ (Date of Access: 8.7.2022).

Evaluation of Electrification of 4W Light Commercial Vehicle

Year 2023, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 9 - 17, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.29228/eng.pers.69296

Abstract

Road transport is a prime contributor to CO2 emissions in the Indian transportation sector. The motor vehicle fleet in India is responsible for 90% of the total energy consumption in the transport industry and of this, 45% is consumed for freight transport. Currently, petroleum is used primarily to generate energy for road transport and most of it is imported. With the increase in environmental issues and oil prices, it has become necessary to switch to alternative propulsion systems. Current ICE vehicles can be adopted for Electric vehicle retrofitting which aids in reducing the transport sector emissions. In this paper, the process of conversion of a 4W Light Commercial Vehicle into an Electric Vehicle adhering to the vehicle conversion norms in India is discussed. A numerical analysis of the vehicle was done to evaluate its performance. A cost comparison of the ICE vehicle, a Retrofitted Electric vehicle, and a New Electric vehicle was carried out. The results showed that the converted vehicle has better performance than that of an ICE vehicle and costs lower than the new electric vehicle.

Thanks

We are thankful to all our well-wishers for their inspiration and help. We take this opportunity to express our deepest gratitude and appreciation to those who have helped us directly or indirectly towards the successful completion of this.

References

  • 1. New Climate Institute, (2020). Decarbonising the Indian Transport sector pathways and policies, Available at: https://climateactiontracker.org/documents/832/CAT_2020-12-09_Report_DecarbonisingIndianTransportSector_Dec2020.pdf
  • 2. Bieker G., (2021). A Global comparison of the Life-cycle Green-house gas emissions of Combustion Engines and Electric passen-ger cars. The International Council of Clean Transportation.
  • 3. Megha K, Zhenying S, Caleb B, and Anup B., (2022). Decarbon-izing India’s road transport: A meta-analysis of road transport emissions models. The International Council on Clean Transpor-tation.
  • 4. The Energy and Resources Institute, (2020). Road map for elec-trification of urban freight in India. Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation.
  • 5. Transport Research Wing. Road Transport Year book 2017-18 & 2018-19, (2019). Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Gov-ernment of India, Available at: athttps://morth.nic.in/print/road-transport-year-books
  • 6. Silva J E, Urbanetz J., (2019). Converting a conventional vehicle into an electric vehicle (EV). Braz. Arch. Biol. and Technol., 62:1–12.
  • 7. Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, (2022). The Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989. New Delhi: Commercial Law Pub-lishers (India) Pvt. Ltd., Government of India.
  • 8. Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, (2017), CMVR Type Approval of Electric Propulsion Kit Intended for Conversion of Vehicles for Pure Electric Operation. ARAI, India, Available at: https://www.araiindia.com/downloads
  • 9. IBEF, (2022). Vehicle Scrappage Policy, Available at: https://www.ibef.org/blogs/vehicle-scrappage-poli-cy#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20new%20policy,the%20fitness%20and%20emission%20tests (Date of Access: 7.7.2022).
  • 10. The Economic Times, (2020). The lifecycle of a car in India: From being sold again to finally being scrapped, Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/auto/cars-uvs/the-lifecycle-of-a-car-in-india-from-being-sold-again-to-finally-being-scrapped/lifecycle-of-a-discarded-car/slideshow/78789283.cms (Date of access: 7.7.2022).
  • 11. Vrazic M, Vuljaj D, Pavasovic A, and Paukovic H., (2014). Study of a vehicle conversion from internal combustion engine to elec-tric drive. ENERGYCON 2014 - IEEE Int. Ener. Conf. 1544–1548.
  • 12. Tata Motors Limited, (2022). Tata Ace HT+, Available at: https://ace.tatamotors.com/mini-truck/tata-ace-gold/tata-ace-gold-ht-plus.aspx (Date of Access: 4.8.2022).
  • 13. Deloney M. L., (2014), Gradient of road, Available at: https://civiljungle.com/limiting-gradient/ (Date of Access: 17.7.2022).
  • 14. Larminie J, Lowry J., (2012). Electric Vehicle Technology Ex-plained. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • 15. Sanguesa J. A., Torres-Sanz V., Garrido P., Martinez F. J., Marquez-Barja J. M., (2021). A review on electric vehicles: Technologies and challenges. Smart Cities, 4(1):372–404.
  • 16. Varga B. O., Sagoian A., Mariasiu F., (2019). Prediction of elec-tric vehicle range: A comprehensive review of current issues and challenges. Energies, 12(5).
  • 17. EVE Energy North America, (2022). Prismatic LFP Specifications, Available at: https://www.evebatteryusa.com/copy-of-18650-and-21700-specifications (Date of Access: 7.7.2022).
  • 18. Gyanesh V., (2022). Regenerative Braking System in Electric Vehicles and how it works?, Available at: https://e-vehicleinfo.com/regenerative-braking-system-in-electric-vehicles/ (Date of Access: 7.7.2022).
  • 19. Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, (2022), Where the Energy Goes: Electric Cars, Available at: https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/atv-ev.shtml (Date of Access: 8.7.2022).
  • 20. Globalpetrolprices.com, (2022). Indian Electricity Prices, Availa-ble at: https://www.globalpetrolprices.com/India/electricity_prices/ (Date of Access: 8.7.2022).
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Hybrid and Electric Vehicles and Powertrains
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Vijay Sai Goud Polagowni

Sai Venkata Phanindra Chary Arendra

Publication Date March 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Polagowni, V. S. G., & Arendra, S. V. P. C. (2023). Evaluation of Electrification of 4W Light Commercial Vehicle. Engineering Perspective, 3(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.29228/eng.pers.69296