Stress-strain Deformation Analysis of Conventional Vehicle Shock Absorber Materials under In-service Multi-translated Non-proportional Loading Conditions

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 14 - 31, 31.03.2024

Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe Imoh Ekanem

Abstract

The in-service condition of a vehicle eventually subject the shock absorber to unforeseen deformations due to ex-ternal forces such as damping, friction, resistance forces and other factors such as poor road condition characterized by potholes and speed bumps. In this study, a vehicle shock absorber was analysed, considering the in-service condition. Using SOLIDWORKS software, 2020 version the shock absorber component was modelled with three different materials which were simulated with ANSYS software. From the simulated results, maximum total deformations of 54.286, 49.26 and 47.603 mm as well as maximum directional deformations of 53.303, 48.762 and 47.569 mm were obtained for hard drawn spring wire (A227), alloy steel (A213) and stainless steel (A313) selected as the shock absorber materials. On the other hand, maximum equivalent von-mises stresses of 1205.8, 1204.7 and 1084.6 MPa as well as maximum equivalent strain values of 0.0065269, 0.0061912, 0.0060882. From the simulated results obtained, stainless steel (A313) out of the three shock absorber material exhibited the least deformations, von-mises stress and equivalent strain. However, the three materials had satisfy the failure distortion-energy theory, and may be feasible for shock absorber application in actual scenario because the Von-mises stress obtained had not exceed-ed any of the material’s yield strength. This was evidence in the low equivalent strain values and the colour distribution across the shock absorber models which was dominated by royal blue colour, indicating that the shock absorber models can still accommodate multiple translated non-proportional loading or still had significant load bearing capacity. The stress-strain deformation analysis in this study can help predict and prevent premature failure, ensuring the longevity of vehicle shock absorbers.

Keywords

Deformations, External forces, Loading conditions, Materials, Shock absorber

References

• 1. Ryabova, I. V., Novikova, V. V & Pozdeev, A. V. (2016). Ef-ficiency of Shock Absorber in Vehicle Suspension. Procedia Engineering, 150, 354-362.
• 2. Singh, W. S. & Srilatha, N (2018). Design and Analysis of Shock Absorber: A Review. Materialstoday: Proceedings, 5(2-1), 4832-4837.
• 3. Xu, T., Liang, M., Li, C. & Yang, S. (2015). Design and analy-sis of a shock absorber with variable moment of inertia for pas-sive vehicle suspensions. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 355, 66-85.
• 4. Guba, S., Ko, Y., Rizzoni, G., Heydinger, G. J., Guenther, D. A. & Wittman, T. (2006). The Impact of Worn Shocks on Vehicle Handling and Stability. 115(6), Journal of Passenger Car: Me-chanical Systems Journal, 400-408.
• 5. Paz, O. D. (2004). Design and performance of electric shock absorber. Louisiana State University, USA.
• 6. Manashkin, L., Myamlin, S. & Prikhodko, V. (2009). Oscilla-tion Dampers and Shock Absorbers in Railway Vehicles (Math-ematical Models). Dnipropetrovsk National University of Rail-way Transport, Ukraine.
• 7. Sani, M. S., Rahman, M. M., Noor, M. M., Kadirgama, K. & Rejab, M. R. (2008). Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Au-tomotive Shock Absorber System. Malaysian Science and Technology Congress, KLCC, Malaysia, 16-17 December, 2008.
• 8. Zhang, R. (2019). A Study of Vehicle Regenerative Shock Ab-sorber. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
• 9. Tan, W. H., Cheah, J. X., Lam, C. K., Lim, E. A., Chuah, H. G. & Khor, C. Y. (2017). Vibration analysis on compact car shock absorber. IOP Conference Series: Journal of Physics, 908, 1-8.
• 10. SelvaKumar, A., Kumar, R. S., Kumar, M. S. & Rajan, S. V. (2018). Design and Analysis of Shock Absorber. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6(1), 1321- 1330.
• 11. Bhasha, A. C., Reddy, N. V. & Rajnaveen, B. (2017). Design and Analysis of Shock Absorber. International Research Jour-nal of Engineering and Technology, 4(1), 201-207.
• 12. Olugbade, T. O., Mohammed, T. I. & Ojo, O. T. (2018). Static stress analysis and displacement of a tricycle rear shock ab-sorber using finite element analysis. Leonardo Electronic Jour-nal of Practices and Technologies, 33, 139-158.
• 13. Santharaguru, N., Abdullah, S., Chin, C. H. & Singh, S. S. (2022). Failure behaviour of strain and acceleration signals us-ing various fatigue life models in time and frequency domains. Engineering Failure Analysis, 139, 106454.
• 14. Kareem, S. A., Anaele, J. U., Aikulola, E. O., Olanrewaju, O. F., Omiyale, B. O., Bodunrin, M. O. & Alaneme, K. K. (2023). Hot deformation behaviour, constitutive model description, and processing map analysis of superalloys: An overview of nas-cent developments. Journal of Materials Research and Tech-nology, 26, 8624-8669.
• 15. Kumhar, V. (2016). Structure Analysis of Shock Absorber Spring Using Finite Element Analysis. International Journal of Mechanical, Civil, Automobile and Production Engineering, 6(1), 1-10.
• 16. Imoro, I., Nkrumah, J., Ziblim, B. & Mohammed, A. (2023). Analysis of the Material Properties of Vehicle Suspension Coil Spring. World Journal of Engineering and Technology, 11, 827-858.
• 17. Ogiemudia, O. G., Ikpe, A. E & Chughiefe, L. E. (2020). De-sign and Fabrication of a Modular Melon Depodding Machine for Optimum Performance in Nigerian Agricultural Sector. Eu-ropean Mechanical Science, 4(3), 103-112.
• 18. Ikpe, A. E. & Owunna, I. B. (2017). Design of Vehicle Com-pres-sion Springs for Optimum Performance in their Service Condition. International Journal of Engineering Research in Af-rica, 33, 22-34.
• 19. Bai, X., Chen,J., Guan, X., Peng, Z., Li, G., Zhou, H., Shi, X., Sun, L. & Fu, B. (2022). Modeling and analysis of residual stresses of camshaft induced by swing grinding processes. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 121, 6375-6391.
• 20. Ikpe, A. E. & Owunna, I. B. (2019). Design of Remotely Con-trolled Hydraulic Bottle Jack for Automobile Applications. In-ternational Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 11(1), 124-134.
• 21. Boresi, A. P., Schmidt, R. J. & Sidebottom, O. M. (1993). Ad-vance Mechanics of Materials, Fifth Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, USA.
• 22. Ikpe, A. E., Ikpe, E. O. & Etuk, E. M. (2021). On the Mechani-cal Behaviour of Distinct Auto Wheel Materials under Static and Dynamic In-service Loading Cycle. International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering, 7(2), 61-75.
• 23. Ikpe, A. E. & Ikpe, E. O. (2022). Optimizing the Welding Input Parameters of AISI 1020 Mild Steel Plate for Desired Output Response Using Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Technique. Al-Farabi 4th International Congress on Applied Sciences, August 19-20, Erzurum, Turkey.