Contact and repellency effects of some plant essential oils against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval, 1867) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract

In this study, contact and repellent effects of 5 different plant essential oils against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval, 1867) (Acari: Tetranychidae) were investigated under laboratory conditions. Essential oils of aerial parts, leaves or seeds of Mentha pulegium Linnaeus (Labiatae), Foeniculum vulgare Miller (Umbellifera), Pistacia terebinthus Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae), Schinus molle Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) and Vitex agnus-castus Linnaeus (Verbenaceae) plants, grown around Antalya region, were used as materials. Contact effects of these essential oils were tested against T. cinnabarinus at different concentrations as tween 20 emulsions. Repellency effects of these essential oils were also investigated by using leaf discs partially submerged in to the essential oil emulsion. Results showed that emulsions of M. pulegium, F. vulgare and S. molle essential oils had up to 50% contact effect at 20 ml/l dose after 96 h. The highest contact effect was determined in M. pulegium essential oil emulsion. However, it was concluded that contact application of essential oils would not be reasonable for T. cinnabarinus control since it required high dose and they had phytotoxic effects. In the repellency tests V. agnus-castus essential oil showed the highest effect with the value of 85% against the pest at 1 ml/l concentration for 48 h which was followed by F. vulgare essential oil. The repellent effect of these essential oils was found to be promising for practical application.

Keywords

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Bazı bitkisel kökenli uçucu yağların Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval, 1867) (Acari: Tetranychidae) üzerine kontakt ve repellent etkileri

Öz

Antalya ve çevresinin doğal florasında yayılış gösteren veya yörede yetiştirilen Mentha pulegium Linnaeus (Labiatae), Foeniculum vulgare Miller (Umbellifera), Pistacia terebinthus Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae), Schinus molle Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) ve Vitex agnus-castus Linnaeus (Verbenaceae) bitkilerinin uçucu yağları çalışmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. Bu uçucu yağların kontakt etkileri, farklı konsantrasyonlarda tween 20 çözeltisinde çözülerek Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval, 1867) (Acari: Tetranychidae)’a karşı denenmiştir. Uçucu yağların repellent etkisini saptamak için uçucu yağ çözeltisine daldırılmış olan yaprak diskleri kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak M. pulegium, F. vulgare ve S. molle uçucu yağlarının 20 ml/l dozda yürütülen kontakt etki denemelerinde 96. saat itibariyle %50’nin üzerinde ölüm sağlanmıştır. Bu denemelerde en yüksek ölüm oranı 20 ml/l dozda, M. pulegium uçucu yağında saptanmıştır. Ancak kontakt etki uygulamasındaki ölümlerin yüksek dozlarda görülmesi ve yaprak disklerinde bu dozlarda görülen fitotoksisite nedeniyle, pratikte tarımsal mücadele için etkin ve ekonomik olmayacağı kanaatine varılmıştır. Repellent etki uygulamalarında ise 1 ml/l konsantrasyondaki V. agnus-castus uçucu yağı 48 saat süre boyunca % 85’in üzerinde repellent etki göstermiştir. Bunu F. vulgare uçucu yağı izlemiştir. Bu uçucu yağların repellent etkisi tarımsal uygulamalarda ümit verici bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tetranychus cinnabarinus, kontakt, uzaklaştırıcı, uçucu yağlar

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