Türkiye’deki Chelostoma Latreille (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae, Osminii) türleri ve bunların zoocoğrafik karakterleri

Abstract

Summary On the basis of about 1000 bee specimens have been collected by more than 30 professional and ameteur entomologists or various visitors since 1959, a synthesis is presented of the present knowledge of the Chelostoma fauna of Anatolia from faunistic and zoogeographical points of view. Twenty-five species have been noted occurring in Anatolia. Among them Chelostoma diodon Schletterer 1889 is the most common and abundant species. The Chelostoma fauna of Anatolia seems to present a relatively high diversity, if compared to the total 49 species worldwide and 40 species in Palaearctic. For the zoogeographical analysis, 25 Chelostoma species have been considered and the main chorological categories are represented as follows: Holarctic Region (2), European (6), SW-Asiatic (7), E-Mediterranean (1), Turanian (2), Turano-European (2), Centralasiatic-European (1) and Anatolian endemics (4). Moreover, type localities of 12 species are Anatolia; two species are Armeno -E-Anatolian endemics. Species in the Holartic, European and Turano-European chorotipes (10 species) are most probably European origine and spread to Anatolia from Europa. The remaining species were originated in Anatolia and were spread from here to neighboring countries.

Keywords

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Chelostoma Latreille (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae, Osminii) species occurring in Turkey with their zoogeographic characterization

Öz

1959’dan günümüze kadar 30’dan fazla profesyonel ve amatör entomoloji uzmanları veya değişik ziyaretçiler tarafından Anadolu’dan toplanan 1000 civarındaki Chelostoma örneği faunal ve zoocoğrafik yönden değerlendiril-miştir. Yirmibeş türün Anadolu’da bulunduğu belirlenmiş, bunlardan en yaygın ve yoğun olanının Chelostoma diodon Schletterer 1889 olduğu gözlenmiştir Dünyada bulunan toplam 49 ve Palearktik Bölge’deki 40 türle karşılaştı-rıldığında; Anadolu’nun Chelostoma çeşitliliği yönünden oldukça zengin olduğu görülmektedir. Zoocoğrafik analiz yönünden 25 Chelostoma türü değerlendirmeye alınmış ve sekiz temel korolojik kategori sıralanmıştır: Holarktik Bölge (2), Avrupa (6), GB-Asya (7), D-Akdeniz (1), Turanian (2), Turano-Avrupa (2), Merkeziasya-Avrupa (1) ve Anadolu endemik (4). Ayrıca iki tür Armeno-D-Anadolu endemic durumundadır. Oniki türün de tip lokalitesinin Anadolu olduğu görülmüştür. Holarktik, Avrupa ve Turano-Avrupa korotiplerine giren türlerin (10 tür) büyük olasılıkla Avrupa orijinli oldukları ve oradan Anadoluya yayılmış oldukları düşünülmektedir. Değişik korotiplere ait geri kalan türlerin ise Anadolu orijinli olup buradan çevreye yayıldıkları muhtemeldir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Megachilidae, Hymenoptera, Osminii, Chelostoma, fauna, korotip, Türkiye

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