In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin

Anila S; Aldrin Antony; Dhanya P Jacob; Ambili Renjith

doi:10.26650/eor.20251576613

In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin

Abstract

Purpose

Curcumin, the principal curcuminoid found in turmeric, demonstrates potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory characteristics; nevertheless, it possesses restricted solubility and bioavailability. Numerous studies have reported elevated bioavailability and antimicrobial activity of nano-formulations of curcumin. Porphyromonas gingivalis plays a crucial role in triggering dysbiosis in the subgingival milieu, leading to the progression of periodontitis. This work details nanocurcumin preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and its cytotoxic effects on L929 mouse embryo fibroblasts.

Materials and Methods

Nanocurcumin was prepared using the antisolvent precipitation method and characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The antimicrobial activity of nanocurcumin against Porphyromonas gingivalis was assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Cytotoxicity against L929 mouse embryo fibroblasts was evaluated with the MTT assay.

Results

Nanocurcumin exhibited significant water solubility, nanoparticle size ranging from 18 to 176 nm, a strong absorbance peak at 425nm, and a comparable chemical structure to curcumin. MIC of nanocurcumin was 6.25 µg/ml compared to 25 µg/ml of curcumin and 3.12 µg/ml of tetracycline. Both nanocurcumin and curcumin demonstrated a dose-dependent negative impact on L929 fibroblasts with IC50 concentrations of 86.16 µg/ml and 45.69 µg/ml respectively.

Conclusion

Nanocurcumin in the present study demonstrates well-characterized nanoparticle formation with excellent antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and minimal cytotoxicity against L929 cell line. Nanocurcumin demonstrates significant promise for integration into drug delivery systems for the management of periodontal disease, subject to additional experimental and clinical trials

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Dental Therapeutics, Pharmacology and Toxicology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Anila S
0000-0002-3278-5418
India

Aldrin Antony
0000-0001-9714-1026
India

Dhanya P Jacob
0009-0004-6282-7932
India

Ambili Renjith
0000-0003-4239-9024
India

Publication Date

April 29, 2026

Submission Date

October 31, 2024

Acceptance Date

May 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20251576613

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA52JM87XW

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

S, A., Antony, A., P Jacob, D., & Renjith, A. (2026). In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin. European Oral Research, 1, 45-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20251576613

AMA

1.S A, Antony A, P Jacob D, Renjith A. In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin. EOR. 2026;(1):45-51. doi:10.26650/eor.20251576613

Chicago

S, Anila, Aldrin Antony, Dhanya P Jacob, and Ambili Renjith. 2026. “In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Newly Synthesized and Characterized Nanocurcumin”. European Oral Research, no. 1: 45-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20251576613.

EndNote

S A, Antony A, P Jacob D, Renjith A (April 1, 2026) In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin. European Oral Research 1 45–51.

IEEE

[1]A. S, A. Antony, D. P Jacob, and A. Renjith, “In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin”, EOR, no. 1, pp. 45–51, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.26650/eor.20251576613.

ISNAD

S, Anila - Antony, Aldrin - P Jacob, Dhanya - Renjith, Ambili. “In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Newly Synthesized and Characterized Nanocurcumin”. European Oral Research. 1 (April 1, 2026): 45-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20251576613.

JAMA

1.S A, Antony A, P Jacob D, Renjith A. In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin. EOR. 2026;:45–51.

MLA

S, Anila, et al. “In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Newly Synthesized and Characterized Nanocurcumin”. European Oral Research, no. 1, Apr. 2026, pp. 45-51, doi:10.26650/eor.20251576613.

Vancouver

1.Anila S, Aldrin Antony, Dhanya P Jacob, Ambili Renjith. In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized and characterized nanocurcumin. EOR. 2026 Apr. 1;(1):45-51. doi:10.26650/eor.20251576613