Research Article

Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study

Volume: 60 Number: 1 September 9, 2026

Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of four different restorative materials.

Materials and Methods

Twenty disc-shaped specimens (8 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) were prepared for each material: Z250 (3M ESPE), Charisma Diamond (Heraeus Kulzer), Estelite Universal Flow Medium (Tokuyama Dental Corporation Inc.), and Beautifil II (Shofu Inc.). Baseline color measurements were conducted using the VITA Easyshade Compact after numbering the specimens and immersing them in distilled water at 37◦C for 24 hours. Two plaque disclosing agents were applied to the specimens: Mira-2-Ton (Hager & Werken) to 10 specimens and ProPind plaque indicator gel (Promida Co.), containing erythrosin dye, to the remaining 10 specimens. Ten seconds after the application, each specimen was rinsed under running water for 30 seconds and air-dried. Color changes in the specimens were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests (p<0.05).

Results

The color changes were perceptible (ΔE00 > 0.8) in all experimental groups. Clinically unacceptable color changes (ΔE00 >1.8) were observed in all groups following Mira-2-Ton application, with Charisma Diamond exhibiting the highest color change (7.18±2.65) and Z250 the lowest (2.98 ± 1.13). In contrast, all groups stained with ProPind gel showed clinically acceptable color changes (ΔE00 <1.8), with no statistically significant differences among materials (p>0.05).

Conclusion

Plaque disclosing agents can significantly impact the color stability of restorative materials. Understanding the chemical composition of plaque disclosing agents is essential for clinicians to ensure the long term aesthetic stability of restorative materials. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms of discoloration caused by disclosing agents.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Restorative Dentistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 9, 2026

Submission Date

July 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 28, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 60 Number: 1

APA
Menekşe, İ., & Güray Efes, B. (2026). Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study. European Oral Research, 60(1), 260-266. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20261729238
AMA
1.Menekşe İ, Güray Efes B. Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study. EOR. 2026;60(1):260-266. doi:10.26650/eor.20261729238
Chicago
Menekşe, İnci, and Begüm Güray Efes. 2026. “Effect of Plaque Disclosing Agents on the Color Stability of Different Restorative Materials: In Vitro Study”. European Oral Research 60 (1): 260-66. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20261729238.
EndNote
Menekşe İ, Güray Efes B (September 1, 2026) Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study. European Oral Research 60 1 260–266.
IEEE
[1]İ. Menekşe and B. Güray Efes, “Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study”, EOR, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 260–266, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.26650/eor.20261729238.
ISNAD
Menekşe, İnci - Güray Efes, Begüm. “Effect of Plaque Disclosing Agents on the Color Stability of Different Restorative Materials: In Vitro Study”. European Oral Research 60/1 (September 1, 2026): 260-266. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20261729238.
JAMA
1.Menekşe İ, Güray Efes B. Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study. EOR. 2026;60:260–266.
MLA
Menekşe, İnci, and Begüm Güray Efes. “Effect of Plaque Disclosing Agents on the Color Stability of Different Restorative Materials: In Vitro Study”. European Oral Research, vol. 60, no. 1, Sept. 2026, pp. 260-6, doi:10.26650/eor.20261729238.
Vancouver
1.İnci Menekşe, Begüm Güray Efes. Effect of plaque disclosing agents on the color stability of different restorative materials: in vitro study. EOR. 2026 Sep. 1;60(1):260-6. doi:10.26650/eor.20261729238