The effect of different chelating agents on the push-out bond strength of proroot mta and endosequence root repair material

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 7% maleic acid (MA), and 10% citric acid (CA) on the push-out bond strength of ProRooT MTA and Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) putty. Materials and Methods Eighty single-rooted extracted human teeth were instrumented to obtain a standardized immature teeth model. Based on the chelating agents tested, the specimens were randomly divided into three experimental groups: Group 1 (17% EDTA), Group 2 (7% MA), Group 3 (10% CA), and Group 4 (Positive Control) (n=20 for each group). Each group was further classified into two subgroups: Group A (ProRoot MTA) and Group B (Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) putty) (n=10 for each subgroup). After irrigation and placement of cements, teeth were stored at 37°C and in 100% humidity for a week. A total of 240 dentine discs (three discs per teeth) were obtained and subjected to push-out assay. Data was analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc t-test. Results Both types of chelating agent and calcium silicate-based cement were significantly associated with the push-out bond strength values. The push-out bond strength was significantly less for CA as compared to EDTA or MA. ERRM had higher bond strength values than ProRoot MTA (p<0.05). Conclusion The use of chelating agents increased the push-out bond strength of CSC. Regardless of tested chelating agents, ERRM had higher bond strength values than ProRoot MTA.

Keywords

• Calcium silicate-based cement,cheating agent,Endosequence Root Repair Material,push-out bond strength

References

1. 1. Kishen A, Peters OA, Zehnder M, Diogenes AR, Nair MK. Advances in endodontics: Potential applications in clinical practice. J Conserv Dent 2016;19(3):199-206. [CrossRef]
2. 2. Nagas E, Cehreli Z, Uyanik M, Vallittu P, Lassila L. Effect of several intracanal medicaments on the push‐out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. Int Endod J 2016;49(2):184-8. [CrossRef]
3. 3. Topçuoğlu HS, Arslan H, Akçay M, Saygili G, Çakici F, Topçuoğlu G. The effect of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration technique on the dislocation resistance of mineral trioxide aggregate to root canal dentin. J Endod 2014;40(12):2041-4. [CrossRef]
4. 4. Şen B, Wesselink P, Türkün M. The smear layer: a phenomenon in root canal therapy. International Endodontic Journal 1995;28(3):141-8. [CrossRef]
5. 5. Torabinejad M, Handysides R, Khademi AA, Bakland LK. Clinical implications of the smear layer in endodontics: a review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002;94(6):658-66. [CrossRef]
6. 6. Serper A, Çalt S. The demineralizing effects of EDTA at different concentrations and pH. J Endod 2002;28(7):501-2. [CrossRef]
7. 7. Galler K, Widbiller M, Buchalla W, Eidt A, Hiller KA, Hoffer P, Schmalz G. EDTA conditioning of dentine promotes adhesion, migration and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Int Endod J 2016;49(6):581-90. [CrossRef]
8. 8. Calt S, Serper A. Time-dependent effects of EDTA on dentin structures. J Endod 2002;28(1):17-9. [CrossRef]

9. 9. Lee Y-L, Lin F-H, Wang W-H, Ritchie H, Lan W-H, Lin C-P. Effects of EDTA on the hydration mechanism of mineral trioxide aggregate. Journal of dental research 2007;86(6):534-8. [CrossRef]
10. 10. Ballal NV, Kandian S, Mala K, Bhat KS, Acharya S. Comparison of the efficacy of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in smear layer removal from instrumented human root canal: a scanning electron microscopic study. J Endod 2009;35(11):15736. [CrossRef]
11. 11. Verdelis K, Ellades G, Ovllr T, Margelos J. Effect of chelating agents on the molecular composition and extent of decalcification at cervical, middle and apical root dentin locations. Dent Traumatol 1999;15(4):164-70. [CrossRef]
12. 12. Elnaghy A. Effect of QMix irrigant on bond strength of glass fibre posts to root dentine. Int Endod J 2014;47(3):280-9. [CrossRef]
13. 13. Hülsmann M, Heckendorff M, Lennon A. Chelating agents in root canal treatment: mode of action and indications for their use. Int Endod J 2003;36(12):810-30. [CrossRef]
14. 14. Di Lenarda R, Cadenaro M, Sbaizero O. Effectiveness of 1 mol L− 1 citric acid and 15% EDTA irrigation on smear layer removal. Int Endod J 2000;33(1):46-52. [CrossRef]
15. 15. Machado‐Silveiro L, González‐López S, González‐Rodríguez M. Decalcification of root canal dentine by citric acid, EDTA and sodium citrate. Int Endod J 2004;37(6):365-9. [CrossRef]
16. 16. Torabinejad M, Parirokh M. Mineral trioxide aggregate: a comprehensive literature review—part II: leakage and biocompatibility investigations. J Endod 2010;36(2):190-202. [CrossRef]
17. 17. AlAnezi AZ, Jiang J, Safavi KE, Spangberg LS, Zhu Q. Cytotoxicity evaluation of endosequence root repair material. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109(3):122-5. [CrossRef]
18. 18. Banchs F, Trope M. Revascularization of immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis: new treatment protocol? J Endod 2004;30(4):196-200. [CrossRef]
19. 19. Nagas E, Cehreli ZC, Durmaz V, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Regional push-out bond strength and coronal microleakage of Resilon after different light-curing methods. J Endod 2007;33(12):14648. [CrossRef]
20. 20. Saghiri MA, Garcia‐Godoy F, Gutmann JL, Lotfi M, Asatourian A, Ahmadi H. Push‐out bond strength of a nano‐modified mineral trioxide aggregate. Dent Traumatol 2013;29(4):323-7. [CrossRef]
21. 21. Guneser MB, Akbulut MB, Eldeniz AU. Effect of various endodontic irrigants on the push- out bond strength of biodentine and conventional root perforation repair materials. J Endod 2013;39(3):380-4. [CrossRef]
22. 22. Goracci C, Tavares AU, Fabianelli A, Monticelli F, Raffaelli O, Cardoso PC, Tay F, Ferrari M. The adhesion between fiber posts and root canal walls: comparison between microtensile and push‐out bond strength measurements. Eur J Oral Sci 2004;112(4):353-61. [CrossRef]
23. 23. Ballal NV, Kundabala M, Bhat S, Rao N, Rao BS. A comparative in vitro evaluation of cytotoxic effects of EDTA and maleic acid: root canal irrigants. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108(4):633-8. [CrossRef]
24. 24. Prabhu S, Rahim N, Bhat K, Mathew J. Comparison of removal of endodontic smear layer using NaOCl, EDTA, and different concentrations of maleic acid–A SEM study. Endodontology 2003;15(1):20-5.
25. 25. Ballal NV, Mala K, Bhat KS. Evaluation of the effect of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the microhardness and surface roughness of human root canal dentin. J Endod 2010;36(8):1385-8. [CrossRef]
26. 26. Ulusoy Öİ, Görgül G. Effects of different irrigation solutions on root dentine microhardness, smear layer removal and erosion. Aust Dent J 2013;39(2):66-72.
27. 27. Khedmat S, Shokouhinejad N. Comparison of the efficacy of three chelating agents in smear layer removal. J Endod 2008;34(5):599-602. [CrossRef]
28. 28. González-López S, Camejo-Aguilar D, Sanchez-Sanchez P, Bolaos-Carmona V. Effect of CHX on the decalcifying effect of 10% citric acid, 20% citric acid, or 17% EDTA. J Endod 2006;32(8):7814. [CrossRef]
29. 29. Shokouhinejad N, Hoseini A, Gorjestani H, Shamshiri AR. The effect of different irrigation protocols for smear layer removal on bond strength of a new bioceramic sealer. Iran Endod J 2013;8(1):10-3.
30. 30. Shokouhinejad N, Razmi H, Nekoofar MH, Sajadi S, Dummer PM, Khoshkhounejad M. Push-out bond strength of bioceramic materials in a synthetic tissue fluid. J Dent (Tehran) 2013;10(6):540-7.
31. 31. Shokouhinejad N, Yazdi KA, Nekoofar MH, Matmir S, Khoshkhounejad M. Effect of acidic environment on dislocation resistance of endosequence root repair material and mineral trioxide aggregate. J Dent (Tehran) 2014;11(2):161-6.