Küresel Kapitalizmin Sonraki Aşaması: Dijital Platformlar ve Rant Kapitalizmi

Year 2023, , 681 - 695, 30.12.2023

Duygu Özlük

https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1350739

Abstract

Rant gelirini üretken emeğe başvurmadan elde edilen ekonomik kazanç biçimi olarak gören Marksist rant teorisinin ışığında, bu makale dijital platformların ağ bağlantılı ekosistemindeki zenginlik ve güç yoğunlaşmasını incelemektedir. Bu çalışma, dijital platformların hakimiyetini ve platform kapitalizminin işgücü piyasaları üzerindeki dönüştürücü etkilerini tartışırken; esnek ekonomilerin büyümesini ve bu yeni paradigmada işçi hakları, gelir güvenliği ve düzenleyici çerçevelerle ilgili zorlukları vurgulamaktadır. Teknoloji ve dijital gelişmelerin mümkün kıldığı platformlar, geleneksel iş modellerini dönüştürürken, değerin yaratılma, dağıtılma ve elde edilme yöntemlerini yeniden şekillendirmektedir. Bu platformlar, ekonomik etkileşimlerde ve bilgi alışverişinde devrim yaratırken aynı zamanda Marksist düşüncede tanımlanan rant elde etme unsurlarını da yansıtıyor. Bu durum, ekonomik eşitsizlik ve güç birikimine ilişkin kaygıları arttırarak, rantın bir sömürü mekanizması olduğu yönündeki Marksist eleştiriyi yansıtmaktadır. Dijital platformları Marksist rant teorisi çerçevesinde inceleyen bu çalışma, bu platformların daha geniş kapitalist ilişkiler çerçevesine nasıl uyduğunu kavramayı, teknolojik yenilik, ekonomik yapılar ve sınıf ayrımlarının arasındaki karmaşık etkileşime ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Rant Teorisi, Platform Kapitalizmi, Rant Kapitalizmi

Next Stage of Global Capitalism: Digital Platforms and Rentier Capitalism

Abstract

This paper examines the concentration of wealth and power in the networked ecosystem of digital platforms in light of the Marxist theory of rent, which views rental income as a form of economic gain without engaging in productive labor. The article discusses the dominance of digital platforms and their transformative effects of platform capitalism on labor markets, highlighting the growth of gig economies and the challenges of labor rights, income security, and regulatory frameworks in this new paradigm. Since platforms enabled by advancements in technology and digital connectivity, they have revolutionized traditional business models and reshaped the ways in which value is created, distributed, and captured. These platforms, while revolutionizing economic interactions and information exchange, also reflect elements of rent extraction identified in Marxist thought. This amplifies concerns over economic inequality and the accumulation of power, mirroring the Marxist critique of rent as an exploitative mechanism. By scrutinizing digital platforms through a Marxist rent theory framework, this study aims to comprehend how these platforms fit into the broader landscape of capitalist relations, shedding light on the complex interplay between technological innovation, economic structures, and the perpetuation of class divisions.

Keywords

Theory of Rent, Platform Capitalism, Rentier Capitalism

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