Research Article

The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025)

Volume: 11 Number: 2 June 30, 2026
EN TR

The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025)

Abstract

This study examines how monetary policy uncertainty (MPU) and fiscal policy uncertainty (FPU) affect government bond yields across eleven developed economies from January 1999 to March 2025. It uses five- and ten-year bond yields as the dependent variables. The analysis employs panel quantile regression to capture the heterogeneous effects of uncertainty across market conditions, complemented by fixed-effects models with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors to ensure robustness. Findings indicate that MPU significantly increases bond yields, whereas FPU has a negative effect. These effects are more pronounced during adverse market conditions and tend to diminish as conditions improve. Moreover, both forms of uncertainty have a stronger impact on short-term bond yields than on long-term yields. The results suggest that policy uncertainty affects bond markets differently by maturity and exhibits asymmetry. To promote financial stability and market efficiency, policymakers should endeavor to mitigate uncertainty through transparent and credible monetary and fiscal policies.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Panel Data Analysis, International Finance

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 30, 2026

Submission Date

May 5, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 29, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 11 Number: 2

APA
Kaplan Yıldırım, R., Münyas, T., Kadooğlu Aydın, G., & Yılmaz, A. (2026). The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025). Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(2), 747-768. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1943985
AMA
1.Kaplan Yıldırım R, Münyas T, Kadooğlu Aydın G, Yılmaz A. The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025). EPF Journal. 2026;11(2):747-768. doi:10.30784/epfad.1943985
Chicago
Kaplan Yıldırım, Rüya, Turgay Münyas, Gülden Kadooğlu Aydın, and Ayşegül Yılmaz. 2026. “The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025)”. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi 11 (2): 747-68. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1943985.
EndNote
Kaplan Yıldırım R, Münyas T, Kadooğlu Aydın G, Yılmaz A (June 1, 2026) The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025). Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi 11 2 747–768.
IEEE
[1]R. Kaplan Yıldırım, T. Münyas, G. Kadooğlu Aydın, and A. Yılmaz, “The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025)”, EPF Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 747–768, June 2026, doi: 10.30784/epfad.1943985.
ISNAD
Kaplan Yıldırım, Rüya - Münyas, Turgay - Kadooğlu Aydın, Gülden - Yılmaz, Ayşegül. “The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025)”. Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi 11/2 (June 1, 2026): 747-768. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1943985.
JAMA
1.Kaplan Yıldırım R, Münyas T, Kadooğlu Aydın G, Yılmaz A. The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025). EPF Journal. 2026;11:747–768.
MLA
Kaplan Yıldırım, Rüya, et al. “The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025)”. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 747-68, doi:10.30784/epfad.1943985.
Vancouver
1.Rüya Kaplan Yıldırım, Turgay Münyas, Gülden Kadooğlu Aydın, Ayşegül Yılmaz. The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Bond Yields: Findings from a Panel of Developed Countries (1999–2025). EPF Journal. 2026 Jun. 1;11(2):747-68. doi:10.30784/epfad.1943985