The Impact of Economic Factors on Public Health Expenditure in Türkiye: Principal Component Analysis Evaluation for the Period 2002-2022

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 346 - 366, 30.06.2024

Zeynep Özmen Bol

https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1455475

Abstract

This study analyzes the economic factors affecting public health expenditure in Türkiye from 2002 to 2022. The main objective is to identify the economic reasons for the decreasing share of public health expenditure in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It examines macroeconomic variables such as GDP per capita, unemployment rate, labor force participation rate, consumer price index, tax revenue, and exchange rate using principal component analysis (PCA). The results show that GDP per capita, exchange rate, and tax revenue significantly impact public health expenditure, indicating a direct relationship between economic growth and health spending. The unemployment rate does not directly affect public health expenditure, while an increase in labor force participation rate can reduce it. This study underscores the importance of macroeconomic stability and effective economic policies for sustainable health financing in Türkiye. By using long-term data, it provides a comprehensive analysis of how economic factors impact health expenditure, distinguishing it from other studies in the literature. The findings emphasize that a healthy economy leads to increased public investment in health services.

Keywords

Principal Component Analysis, Health Expenditure, Economic Factors

Türkiye'de Ekonomik Faktörlerin Kamu Sağlık Harcamaları Üzerine Etkileri: 2002-2022 Yılları Arası Dönemin Temel Bileşenler Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 2002-2022 yılları arasında Türkiye'de kamu sağlık harcamalarını etkileyen ekonomik faktörleri analiz etmektedir. Temel amaç, kamu sağlık harcamalarının Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla (GSYİH) içindeki payının azalmasının ekonomik nedenlerini belirlemektir. Temel bileşenler analizi (PCA) kullanılarak kişi başına GSYİH, işsizlik oranı, işgücüne katılım oranı, tüketici fiyat endeksi, vergi geliri ve döviz kuru gibi makroekonomik değişkenler incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar kişi başına düşen GSYİH, döviz kuru ve vergi gelirinin kamu sağlık harcamalarını önemli ölçüde etkilediğini ve ekonomik büyüme ile sağlık harcamaları arasında doğrudan bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. İşsizlik oranı kamu sağlık harcamalarını doğrudan etkilemezken, işgücüne katılım oranındaki artış harcamaları azaltabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de sürdürülebilir sağlık finansmanı için makroekonomik istikrarın ve etkili ekonomi politikalarının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Uzun vadeli verileri kullanarak, ekonomik faktörlerin sağlık harcamalarını nasıl etkilediğine dair kapsamlı bir analiz sunmakta ve literatürdeki diğer çalışmalardan ayrılmaktadır. Bulgular, sağlıklı bir ekonominin sağlık hizmetlerine yapılan kamu yatırımlarının artmasına yol açtığını vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Temel Bileşenler Analizi, Sağlık Harcamaları, Ekonomik Faktörler

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