This paper delves into the critical role of learner models in educational assessment and includes a systematic review of recent literature on AI and K-12 education. This review brings to light gaps and opportunities in current practices and serves as a foundation for the Fair AI Framework, which centers on fairness and transformative justice, and aspires to influence AI applications to ensure they are inclusive of diverse learners. This paper concludes with a recommended path forward that underscores the critical importance of learner models in accessible, inclusive, equitable, and valid assessment for all learners.
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93843-1_11
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Ji, L-J., Zhang, Z., & Nisbett., R.E. (2004). Is it culture or is it language? Examination of language effects in crosscultural research on categorization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87 (1), 57-65.
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Mizumoto, A. (2023). Data-driven learning meets generative AI: Introducing the framework of metacognitive
resource use. Applied Corpus Linguistics, 3(3), 100074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acorp.2023.100074
Molle, D., Sato, E., Boals, T., & Hedgspeth, C.A. (Eds.) (2015). Multilingual learners and academic literacies:
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