Early Predictors of Cognitive Decline and Stroke

Abstract

: Background Insulin resistance can affect multiple tissues and organs, from the classic “triumvirate” (myocyte, adipocyte, and hepatocyte) to possible effects on organs such as the central nervous system. This review explores shared pathophysiological mechanisms between MCI and MS and establishes a hypothesis of a possible MCI role in the development of IR and the appearance of MS. Objective The objective of the study was to investigate new biomarkers for early diagnosis of MS, cognitive decline as a follow-up and stroke. A cardiological, neuropsychological and neurological study was conducted among 75 Bulgarian participants. All data and samples derived from the University Hospital of Pleven. Beta amyloid in the blood, procalcitonin (PCT), NT-proBNP as predictors of cognitive impairment in patients with MS were identified. Methods Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, neuropsychological, cognitive and statistical data processing. Plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) levels, procalcitonin, NT-proBNP in MS were investigated in participants with MS and in healthy controls. RESULTS In the present study, an inverse relation between NT-proBNP and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL- and LDL cholesterol was found. Plasma levels of Aβ42 and Aβ40 were found to be reduced in MetS participants. Regression analysis showed a positive relationship between NT-proBNP and systolic blood pressure (p <0.001) and fasting blood glucose (p <0.05). Conclusions There was a positive association between PCT levels, decreased levels of Aβ42 and Aβ40, as well as elevated NT-proBNP and cognitive impairment in people with MS and stroke. A concentration of NT-proBNP of 60 pg / ml or greater could be an indicator of metabolic abnormalities and early cognitive decline. Large-scale studies and longer follow-up periods will be necessary to establish a direct and accurate causal relationship between MS and MCI pathologies.

Keywords

• Metabolic syndrome
• Cognitive decline
• Healthcare engineering

References

1. Atanasova, G. (2024). Early predictors of cognitive decline and stroke. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (EPSTEM), 30, 85-89.