The Effects of Biodiesel Obtained from Inedible Oils on the Emissions

Abstract

Environmental effects and economic conditions have led researchers to find alternative energy sources so that the interest of biodiesel production from inedible oils is continue to rise due to its low price. Using raw vegetable oil as fuel cannot be evaluated possible due to several unfavorable effects. Thanks to the transesterification reaction raw vegetable oil viscosity can be reduced. This study is aimed to investigation of emissions of B100 waste frying oil methyl ester and B100 crambe abyssinica oil methyl ester. Experimental tests were conducted to single-cylinder, four-stroke, direct injected diesel engine with air cooling system at 2200 1/min fixed engine speed and with four different engine loads. The engine loads are (BMEP, 0.12 MPa, 0.24 MPa, 0.36 MPa and 0.48 MPa), and at the beginning of the tests, the engine was warmed with No. 2 diesel fuel. The oil and inlet air temperatures were kept at 85 ±2 °C and 25 ±1 °C, respectively. The results obtained from the experimental study were compared with No. 2 diesel fuel. The effects of fuels on CO, THC, NOx and smoke emissions were investigated. Brake specific fuel consumption of test fuels was also examined. According to the obtained results, B100 fuels can be used as an alternative fuel in a diesel engine.

Keywords

• Inedible oil,Crambe abyysinica,Waste frying oil,Engine performance,Exhaust emissions

References

1. Anonymous. (2018, March 28). Türkiye’de kişi başına toplanan yıllık atık yağ miktarı 200 gram. Retrieved from 27 September 2018 https://www.adagazetesi.com.tr/turkiyede- kisi-basina-toplanan-yillik-atik-yag-miktari-200- gram.html. Bueno, A. V., Pereira, M. P. B., de Oliveira Pontes, J. V., de Luna, F. M. T., & Cavalcante Jr, C. L. (2017). Performance and emissions characteristics of castor oil biodiesel fuel blends. Applied Thermal Engineering, 125, 559-566. Falasca, S. L., Flores, N., Lamas, M. C., Carballo, S. M., & Anschau, A. (2010). Crambe abyssinica: An almost unknown crop with a promissory future to produce biodiesel in Argentina. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(11), 5808-5812 Kumar, S. B., Sushma, U. S., Chandrasagar, L., Raju, V. B., & Devi, V. (2017). Use of Waste Frying Oil as CI Engine Fuel—A Review. Open Access Library Journal, 4(11), 1. Mofijur, M., Masjuki, H. H., Kalam, M. A., Atabani, A. E., Fattah, I. R., & Mobarak, H. M. (2014). Comparative evaluation of performance and emission characteristics of Moringa oleifera and Palm oil based biodiesel in a diesel engine. Industrial crops and products, 53, 78-84. No, S. Y. (2011). Inedible vegetable oils and their derivatives for alternative diesel fuels in CI engines: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(1), 131-149. Öner, C., & Altun, Ş. (2009). Biodiesel production from inedible animal tallow and an experimental investigation of its use as alternative fuel in a direct injection diesel engine. Applied energy, 86(10), 2114-2120. Samuel, K. J., Raj, R., Karuppa, T., Sreenivasulu, N., Rajasekhar, Y., Edison, G., & Saco, S. A. (2016). An Experimental Study on Performance and Emissions of a Direct Ignition Diesel Engine With Crude Pongamia, Pongamia Methyl Ester and Diethyl Ether Blended With Diesel. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 6(4), 1506-1515. Shirneshan, A. (2013). HC, CO, CO2 and NOx emission evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with waste frying oil methyl ester. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 292-297. Tesfa, B., Gu, F., Mishra, R., & Ball, A. (2014). Emission characteristics of a CI engine running with a range of biodiesel feedstocks. Energies, 7(1), 334-350. Utlu, Z., & Koçak, M. S. (2008). The effect of biodiesel fuel obtained from waste frying oil on direct injection diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions. Renewable Energy, 33(8), 1936-1941. Verma, P., & Sharma, M. P. (2015). Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 5(1), 245-250. Xue, J. (2013). Combustion characteristics, engine performances and emissions of waste edible oil biodiesel in diesel engine. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 23, 350-365.