Isolation, Identification and Role of Glyphosate-Degrading Bacteria from Soils of Baghdad

Year 2019, Volume: 6 , 135 - 137, 25.07.2019

Hala M. Radıf Shaymaa Fadhel Abbas Albaayit

Abstract

Glyphosate
(N-phosphonomethylglycine) is the most commonly used herbicide worldwide. Due
to concern regarding its toxicity for non-targeted species in soil, finding
glyphosate-degrading microorganisms in soil is important as these bacteria can
grow by utilizing glyphosate as a source of carbon. Two bacteria species were
isolated from soils of Baghdad. Morphological characteristic and biochemical
reactions indicated these species were identified as Bacillus and Serratia
marcescens. These bacterial isolates showed an ability to consume glyphosate as
energy and sole carbon source at 20 mM. The growth of bacteria in the media
containing glyphosate was determined after two days of incubation at 30 C by
measuring turbidity (O.D) at 680 nm. The maximum growth of Bacillus in
halogenated compound containing media was found to be (O.D=0.3836) after two
days of incubation as compared to control media (O.D=0.0170)  without
halogenated compound. In comparison to Bacillus, Serratia marcescens
showed less growth activity (O.D=0.06) in halogenated compound containing media
after two days of incubation as compared to its growth in control media (O.D=
0.03). The maximum chloride ion released due to dehalogenase enzyme
activity was higher for Bacillus (O.D=1.3199) as compared to S.
marcescens (O.D= 0.3) with respect to their control media (O.D =0.0491 and
0.04) respectively. This result gives hint regarding the role of dehalogenase
present in the bacteria for their affinity to substrate and utilizing it for
their growth. For a better understanding of dehalogenase enzyme produced by
these two bacterial species, more research has to be explored for their
possible use as bioremediation tools in the natural environment.

Keywords

Glyphosate , Soil bacteria , Bio-degredation

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