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Use of Alternative Feed Additives in Ruminant Nutrition: 2. Organic Acid, Fatty Acid, Adsorbent

Year 2010, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 43 - 52, 01.03.2010

B. Kocaoğlu Güçlü K. Kara

Abstract

Organic acids, fatty acids and adsorbents are alternative feed additives used in ruminant nutrition. The effect of these alternative feed additives on health, performance, production quality and rumen fermentation in ruminants, and the importance of these substracts for ruminant nutrition will be dwelt upon.

Keywords

Adsorban organik asit ruminant yağ asiti

References

  • Altıntaş A, Dündar Y, Çolpan İ, 1984. Üre ve zeolitin merinos kuzularında ruminal pH, üreaz aktivitesi ve total uçucu yağ asitleri (VFA) ile plazma orotik asit düzeylerine etkisi üzerinde araştırmalar. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 31(3): 526-543.
  • Asanuma N, Iwamoto M, Hino T, 1999. Effect of the addition of fumarate on methane production by ruminal microorganisms in vitro. J Dairy Sci, 82: 780-787.
  • Bartko P, Vrzgula L, Prosbova M, Blazovsky J, 1983. The effect of feeding zeolite (clinoptilolite) on the health status of sheep. Vet Med (Praha), 28(8): 481-492.
  • Bauman DE, Baumgard LH, Corl BA, Griinari JM, 1999. Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants. Proc Anim Sci, 1: 15.
  • Burke JM, Stables CR, Risco CA, De-laSota RL, Thatcher WW, 1997. Effects of ruminant grade menhaden fish meal on reproductive and productive performance of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 80: 3386-3398.
  • Carro MD, Ranilla MJ, Giraldez FJ, Mantecon AR, 2006. Effects of malate on diet digestibility, plasma metabolites, and performance of growing lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. J Anim Sci, 84: 405-410. protein synthesis,
  • Casutt MM, Scheeder MRL, Ossowski DA, Sutter F, Sliwinski BJ, Danilo AA, Kreuzer M, 2000. Comparative evaluation of rumen- protected fat, coconut oil and various oilseeds supplemented to fattening bulls. 2. Effects on composition and oxidative stability of adipose tissues. Arch Anim Nutr, 53: 25–44.
  • Chouinard PY, Corneau L, Butler WR, Chilliard Y, Drackley JK, Bauman DE, 2001. Effect of dietary lipid source on conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk fat. J Dairy Sci, 84: 680-690.
  • Clara R, Gennard M, 1968. Dietary factors affecting utilization of urea nitrogen by sheep in purified diets. J Nutr, 95: 122-128.
  • Cooper SL, Sinclair LA, Wilkinson RG, Hallett KG, Enser M, Wood JD, 2004. Manipulation of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content of muscle and adipose tissue in lambs. J Anim Sci, 82: 1461-1470.
  • Çelik L, 2007. Kanatlı hayvanların beslenme- sinde verim artışı sağlayıcı ve ürün kalitesini iyileştirici doğal-organik etkicil maddeler. Yem Magazin, 47: 51-55.
  • Çelik S, Demirel M, 2004. İnsan ve hayvan sağlığı bakımından omega yağ asitleri ve konjuge linoleik asitin önemi. YYÜ Fen Bil Enst Derg, 9(1): 25-35.
  • Çetin N, Çetin E, Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, 2006. Yumurta tavuklarında rasyona ilave edilen humat ve organik asitlerin bazı hematolojik parametreler üzerine etkisi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 53: 165-168.
  • Çolpan İ, Yalçın S, 1986. Zeolit içeren rasyonların erkek merinos kuzularında yapağı özelliklerine etkisi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 33(2): 262-272.
  • Dhiman TR, Satter LD, Pariza MW, Gali MP, Albright K, Tolosa MX, 2000. Conjugated linoleik acid (CLA) content of milk from cows offered rich in linoleic and linolenic acid. J Dairy Sci, 83: 1016-1027.
  • Diaz DE, Hagler WM, Blackwelder JT, Eve JA, Hopkins BA, Anderson KL, Jones FT, Whitlow LW, 2004. Aflatoxin binders II: reduction of aflatoxin M1 in milk by sequestering agents of cows consuming aflatoxin in feed. Mycopathol, 157(2): 233- 241.
  • Edrington TS, Harvey RB, Kubena LF, 1994. Effect of aflatoxin in growing lambs fed ruminally degradable or escape protein sources. J Anim Sci, 72(5): 1274-1281.
  • Eng KS, Hutcheson DP, Bechtel R, 2003. Adding potassium, clinoptilolite zeolite and yucca extract feedlot diets to reduce nitrogen losses from manure. J Anim Sci, 81: 15-25
  • Filya İ, Karabulut A, Ak İ, Akgündüz V, 1999. Entansif kuzu besisinde zeolit kullanılmasının kuzuların besi performansı ile bazı kan ve rumen sıvısı metabolitleri üzerine etkileri. Hayvansal Üretim, 39: 39-48.
  • Foley PA, Kenny DA, Callan JJ, Boland TM, O’Mara FP, 2009. Effect of DL-malic acid supplementation on feed intake, methane emission, and rumen fermentation in beef cattle. J Anim Sci, 87: 1048-1057.
  • French P, Stanton C, Lawless F, O’Riordan EG, Monahan FJ, Caffrey PJ, Moloney AP, 2000. Fatty acid composition, including conjugated linoleic acid, of intramuscular fat from steers offered grazed grass, grass silage, or concentrate-based diets. J Anim Sci, 78: 2849–2855.
  • Garipoğlu AV, 2005. Ruminant beslemede organik asitlerin kullanımı, III. Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, ss: 408- 412, Adana-Türkiye.
  • Gezen ŞŞ, Balcı F, Eren M, Orhan F, 2004. Yumurta tavuğu yemlerine klinoptilolit katkısı- nın yumurta verimi ve kalitesine etkisi. Uludağ Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 23: 1-8.
  • Gillis MH, Duckett SK, Sackmann JR, 2004. Effects of supplemental rumen protected conjugated linoleic acid or corn oil on fatty acid composition of adipose tissues in beef cattle. J Anim Sci, 82: 1419-1427.
  • Grummer RR, Carroll DJ, 1991. Effects of dietary fat on metabolic disorders and reproductive performance of dairy cattle. J Anim Sci, 69: 3838-3852.
  • Hristov AN, Kennington LR, McGuire MA, Hunt CW, 2005. Effect of diets containing linoleic acid- or oleic acid-rich oils on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility, and performance and fatty acid composition of adipose and muscle tissues of finishing cattle. J Anim Sci, 83: 1312-1321.
  • İrkin R, Vapur Eren U, 2008. Bazı probiyotik bakterilerin konjuge linoleik asidin sağlık yönünden öne- mi. Gıda, 33(2): 83-89. oluşturduğu
  • Kaya A, Durukan S, Ören AH, Yükselen Y, 2006. Bentonit-zeolit karışımlarının mühen- dislik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. İMO Teknik Dergi, 13(1): 3879-3892.
  • Kelly ML, Berry JR, Dwyer DA, Griinari JM, Chouinard PY, Van-Amburgh ME, Bauman DE, 1998. Dietary fatty acid sources affect conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk from lactating dairy cows. J Nutr, 128: 881– 885.
  • Khampa S, Wanapat M, 2007. Manipulation of rumen fermentation with organic acids supplementation in ruminants raised in the tropics. Pak J Nutr, 6(1): 20-27.
  • Köknaroğlu H, 2007. Beslemenin sığır eti konjuge linoleik asit miktarına etkisi. Hayvan- sal Üretim, 48(1): 1-7.
  • Kum E, Güçlü BK, 2006. Standart ve sıkışık kafes yoğunluğunda yetiştirilen yumurta tavu- ğu karma yemlerine organik asit ilavesinin performansa etkisi. Erciyes Üniv Sağlık Bil Derg, 15(2): 99-106.
  • Kung L, Huber JT, Krummmrey JD, 1982. Influence of adding malic acid to dairy cattle rations on milk production, Rumen volatile acids, digestibility and utilization. J Dairy Sci, 65: 1170-1174.
  • Küçükersan MK, 2006. Lipidler ve Metaboliz- ması. Ergün A, Tuncer ŞD. ed. Hayvan Bes- leme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Ankara: Pozi- tif Baskı. ss: 49-61.
  • Lopez S, Valdes C, Newbold CJ, Wallace RJ, 1999. Influence of sodium fumarate addition on rumen fermentation in vitro. Br J Nutr, 81: 59-64.
  • Lückstadt C, 2007.
  • Acidifiers in Animal Nutrition. Nottingham
  • (Çeviri: Keser O, Kutay HC, 2009. İstanbul
  • Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi). Nottingham: University Press. pp:1-104 on in vitro mixed ruminal
  • Martin SA, Streeter MN, Nisbet DJ, Hill GM, Williams SE, 1999. Effects of DL-malate on ruminal metabolism and performance of cattle fed a high- concentrate diet. J Anim Sci, 77: 1008-1015.
  • Martin SA, Sullivan HM, Evans JD, 2000. Effect of sugars and malate on ruminal microorganisms. J Dairy Sci, 83: 2574–2579.
  • Mattos R, Staples CR, Thatcher WW, 2000. Effects of dietary fatty acids on reproduction in ruminants. J Rep Fert, 5: 38–45.
  • McColumn FT, Galyean ML, 1983. Effect of clinoptilolite of rumen fermentation, digestion and feedlot performance in beef steers fed high concentrate diets. J Anim Sci, 56(3): 517-524.
  • Nir İ, Şenköylü N, 2000. Sindirimi Destekle- yen Yem Katkı Maddeleri. Birinci Baskı. Tekir- dağ: Roche, ss: 1-213.
  • Nisbet DJ, Martin SA, 1994. Factors affecting L-lactate ruminantium. J Anim Sci, 72: 1355-1361. by Selenomonas
  • Noci F, French P, Monahan FJ, Moloney AP, 2007. The fatty acid composition of muscle fat and subcutaneous adipose tissue of grazing heifers supplemented with plant oil-enriched concentrates. J Anim Sci, 85: 1062–1073.
  • Odongo NE, Or-Rashid MM, Kebreab E, France J, McBride BW, 2007. Effect of supplementing myristic acid in dairy cow rations on ruminal methanogenesis and fatty acid profile in milk. J Dairy Sci, 90(4): 1851- 1858.
  • Oğuz H, Kurtoğlu V, 2000. Effect of clinoptilolite on performace of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. Br Poult Sci, 41: 512–517. 48. Öztürk H, 2007. Küresel ısınmada ruminantların rolü. Vet Hek Der Derg, 78(1): 17-21.
  • Öztürk H, 2008. Ruminant beslemesinde probiyotik mayalar. Vet Hek Der Derg, 79(3): 37-42.
  • Perfield JW, Bernal-Santos G, Overton TR, Bauman DE, 2002. Effects of dietary supplementation conjugated linoleik asit in dairy cows during establish lactation. J Dairy Sci, 85: 2609- 2617. rumen-protected
  • Petkova E, Venkov T, Stanchev KH, 1983. Effect zeolites on the assimilation of macro- and trace elements in lambs. Vet Med Nauki, 20 (8): 36-40. potassium-calcium
  • Ramos AJ, Hernandez E, 1997. Prevention of aflatoxicosis in farm animals by means of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate addition to feedstuffs. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 65(4): 197-206.
  • Ritzenthaler KL, McGuire MK, Falen R, Shultz TD, Dasgupta N, McGuire MA, 2001. Estimation of conjugated linoleic acid Intake by written dietary assessment methodologies underestimates actual intake evaluated by food duplicate methodology. J Nutr, 131: 1548–1554.
  • Sadeghi AA, Shawrang P, 2006. The effect of natural zeolite on nutrient digestibility, carcass traits and performance of Holstein steers given a diet containing urea. Cambridge Univ Press, 82: 163-167. Anim Sci
  • Sarı M, Bolat D, Çerçi İH, edt., 2008. Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Birinci Baskı. Malatya: Medipres Matbaacılık, ss: 1- 509.
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  • Yeşilbağ D, Çolpan İ, 2003. Tüm tane buğday içeren yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarında organik asidin kullanımı, II. Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, ss: 270-274. Konya/ Türkiye
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Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban

Year 2010, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 43 - 52, 01.03.2010

B. Kocaoğlu Güçlü K. Kara

Abstract

Organik asitler, yağ asitleri ve adsorbanlar ruminant beslenmesinde kullanılan alternatif katkı maddelerindendir.Bu katkı maddelerinin ruminantlarda sağlık, performans, verim kalitesi ve rumen fermentasyonu üzerinde oluşturabilecekleri etkileri ve bunun ruminant besleme açısından önemi üzerinde durulacaktır

Keywords

Adsorban organik asit ruminant yağ asiti

References

  • Altıntaş A, Dündar Y, Çolpan İ, 1984. Üre ve zeolitin merinos kuzularında ruminal pH, üreaz aktivitesi ve total uçucu yağ asitleri (VFA) ile plazma orotik asit düzeylerine etkisi üzerinde araştırmalar. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 31(3): 526-543.
  • Asanuma N, Iwamoto M, Hino T, 1999. Effect of the addition of fumarate on methane production by ruminal microorganisms in vitro. J Dairy Sci, 82: 780-787.
  • Bartko P, Vrzgula L, Prosbova M, Blazovsky J, 1983. The effect of feeding zeolite (clinoptilolite) on the health status of sheep. Vet Med (Praha), 28(8): 481-492.
  • Bauman DE, Baumgard LH, Corl BA, Griinari JM, 1999. Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants. Proc Anim Sci, 1: 15.
  • Burke JM, Stables CR, Risco CA, De-laSota RL, Thatcher WW, 1997. Effects of ruminant grade menhaden fish meal on reproductive and productive performance of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 80: 3386-3398.
  • Carro MD, Ranilla MJ, Giraldez FJ, Mantecon AR, 2006. Effects of malate on diet digestibility, plasma metabolites, and performance of growing lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. J Anim Sci, 84: 405-410. protein synthesis,
  • Casutt MM, Scheeder MRL, Ossowski DA, Sutter F, Sliwinski BJ, Danilo AA, Kreuzer M, 2000. Comparative evaluation of rumen- protected fat, coconut oil and various oilseeds supplemented to fattening bulls. 2. Effects on composition and oxidative stability of adipose tissues. Arch Anim Nutr, 53: 25–44.
  • Chouinard PY, Corneau L, Butler WR, Chilliard Y, Drackley JK, Bauman DE, 2001. Effect of dietary lipid source on conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk fat. J Dairy Sci, 84: 680-690.
  • Clara R, Gennard M, 1968. Dietary factors affecting utilization of urea nitrogen by sheep in purified diets. J Nutr, 95: 122-128.
  • Cooper SL, Sinclair LA, Wilkinson RG, Hallett KG, Enser M, Wood JD, 2004. Manipulation of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content of muscle and adipose tissue in lambs. J Anim Sci, 82: 1461-1470.
  • Çelik L, 2007. Kanatlı hayvanların beslenme- sinde verim artışı sağlayıcı ve ürün kalitesini iyileştirici doğal-organik etkicil maddeler. Yem Magazin, 47: 51-55.
  • Çelik S, Demirel M, 2004. İnsan ve hayvan sağlığı bakımından omega yağ asitleri ve konjuge linoleik asitin önemi. YYÜ Fen Bil Enst Derg, 9(1): 25-35.
  • Çetin N, Çetin E, Kocaoğlu Güçlü B, 2006. Yumurta tavuklarında rasyona ilave edilen humat ve organik asitlerin bazı hematolojik parametreler üzerine etkisi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 53: 165-168.
  • Çolpan İ, Yalçın S, 1986. Zeolit içeren rasyonların erkek merinos kuzularında yapağı özelliklerine etkisi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 33(2): 262-272.
  • Dhiman TR, Satter LD, Pariza MW, Gali MP, Albright K, Tolosa MX, 2000. Conjugated linoleik acid (CLA) content of milk from cows offered rich in linoleic and linolenic acid. J Dairy Sci, 83: 1016-1027.
  • Diaz DE, Hagler WM, Blackwelder JT, Eve JA, Hopkins BA, Anderson KL, Jones FT, Whitlow LW, 2004. Aflatoxin binders II: reduction of aflatoxin M1 in milk by sequestering agents of cows consuming aflatoxin in feed. Mycopathol, 157(2): 233- 241.
  • Edrington TS, Harvey RB, Kubena LF, 1994. Effect of aflatoxin in growing lambs fed ruminally degradable or escape protein sources. J Anim Sci, 72(5): 1274-1281.
  • Eng KS, Hutcheson DP, Bechtel R, 2003. Adding potassium, clinoptilolite zeolite and yucca extract feedlot diets to reduce nitrogen losses from manure. J Anim Sci, 81: 15-25
  • Filya İ, Karabulut A, Ak İ, Akgündüz V, 1999. Entansif kuzu besisinde zeolit kullanılmasının kuzuların besi performansı ile bazı kan ve rumen sıvısı metabolitleri üzerine etkileri. Hayvansal Üretim, 39: 39-48.
  • Foley PA, Kenny DA, Callan JJ, Boland TM, O’Mara FP, 2009. Effect of DL-malic acid supplementation on feed intake, methane emission, and rumen fermentation in beef cattle. J Anim Sci, 87: 1048-1057.
  • French P, Stanton C, Lawless F, O’Riordan EG, Monahan FJ, Caffrey PJ, Moloney AP, 2000. Fatty acid composition, including conjugated linoleic acid, of intramuscular fat from steers offered grazed grass, grass silage, or concentrate-based diets. J Anim Sci, 78: 2849–2855.
  • Garipoğlu AV, 2005. Ruminant beslemede organik asitlerin kullanımı, III. Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi, Bildiriler Kitabı, ss: 408- 412, Adana-Türkiye.
  • Gezen ŞŞ, Balcı F, Eren M, Orhan F, 2004. Yumurta tavuğu yemlerine klinoptilolit katkısı- nın yumurta verimi ve kalitesine etkisi. Uludağ Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 23: 1-8.
  • Gillis MH, Duckett SK, Sackmann JR, 2004. Effects of supplemental rumen protected conjugated linoleic acid or corn oil on fatty acid composition of adipose tissues in beef cattle. J Anim Sci, 82: 1419-1427.
  • Grummer RR, Carroll DJ, 1991. Effects of dietary fat on metabolic disorders and reproductive performance of dairy cattle. J Anim Sci, 69: 3838-3852.
  • Hristov AN, Kennington LR, McGuire MA, Hunt CW, 2005. Effect of diets containing linoleic acid- or oleic acid-rich oils on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility, and performance and fatty acid composition of adipose and muscle tissues of finishing cattle. J Anim Sci, 83: 1312-1321.
  • İrkin R, Vapur Eren U, 2008. Bazı probiyotik bakterilerin konjuge linoleik asidin sağlık yönünden öne- mi. Gıda, 33(2): 83-89. oluşturduğu
  • Kaya A, Durukan S, Ören AH, Yükselen Y, 2006. Bentonit-zeolit karışımlarının mühen- dislik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. İMO Teknik Dergi, 13(1): 3879-3892.
  • Kelly ML, Berry JR, Dwyer DA, Griinari JM, Chouinard PY, Van-Amburgh ME, Bauman DE, 1998. Dietary fatty acid sources affect conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk from lactating dairy cows. J Nutr, 128: 881– 885.
  • Khampa S, Wanapat M, 2007. Manipulation of rumen fermentation with organic acids supplementation in ruminants raised in the tropics. Pak J Nutr, 6(1): 20-27.
  • Köknaroğlu H, 2007. Beslemenin sığır eti konjuge linoleik asit miktarına etkisi. Hayvan- sal Üretim, 48(1): 1-7.
  • Kum E, Güçlü BK, 2006. Standart ve sıkışık kafes yoğunluğunda yetiştirilen yumurta tavu- ğu karma yemlerine organik asit ilavesinin performansa etkisi. Erciyes Üniv Sağlık Bil Derg, 15(2): 99-106.
  • Kung L, Huber JT, Krummmrey JD, 1982. Influence of adding malic acid to dairy cattle rations on milk production, Rumen volatile acids, digestibility and utilization. J Dairy Sci, 65: 1170-1174.
  • Küçükersan MK, 2006. Lipidler ve Metaboliz- ması. Ergün A, Tuncer ŞD. ed. Hayvan Bes- leme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Ankara: Pozi- tif Baskı. ss: 49-61.
  • Lopez S, Valdes C, Newbold CJ, Wallace RJ, 1999. Influence of sodium fumarate addition on rumen fermentation in vitro. Br J Nutr, 81: 59-64.
  • Lückstadt C, 2007.
  • Acidifiers in Animal Nutrition. Nottingham
  • (Çeviri: Keser O, Kutay HC, 2009. İstanbul
  • Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi). Nottingham: University Press. pp:1-104 on in vitro mixed ruminal
  • Martin SA, Streeter MN, Nisbet DJ, Hill GM, Williams SE, 1999. Effects of DL-malate on ruminal metabolism and performance of cattle fed a high- concentrate diet. J Anim Sci, 77: 1008-1015.
  • Martin SA, Sullivan HM, Evans JD, 2000. Effect of sugars and malate on ruminal microorganisms. J Dairy Sci, 83: 2574–2579.
  • Mattos R, Staples CR, Thatcher WW, 2000. Effects of dietary fatty acids on reproduction in ruminants. J Rep Fert, 5: 38–45.
  • McColumn FT, Galyean ML, 1983. Effect of clinoptilolite of rumen fermentation, digestion and feedlot performance in beef steers fed high concentrate diets. J Anim Sci, 56(3): 517-524.
  • Nir İ, Şenköylü N, 2000. Sindirimi Destekle- yen Yem Katkı Maddeleri. Birinci Baskı. Tekir- dağ: Roche, ss: 1-213.
  • Nisbet DJ, Martin SA, 1994. Factors affecting L-lactate ruminantium. J Anim Sci, 72: 1355-1361. by Selenomonas
  • Noci F, French P, Monahan FJ, Moloney AP, 2007. The fatty acid composition of muscle fat and subcutaneous adipose tissue of grazing heifers supplemented with plant oil-enriched concentrates. J Anim Sci, 85: 1062–1073.
  • Odongo NE, Or-Rashid MM, Kebreab E, France J, McBride BW, 2007. Effect of supplementing myristic acid in dairy cow rations on ruminal methanogenesis and fatty acid profile in milk. J Dairy Sci, 90(4): 1851- 1858.
  • Oğuz H, Kurtoğlu V, 2000. Effect of clinoptilolite on performace of broiler chickens during experimental aflatoxicosis. Br Poult Sci, 41: 512–517. 48. Öztürk H, 2007. Küresel ısınmada ruminantların rolü. Vet Hek Der Derg, 78(1): 17-21.
  • Öztürk H, 2008. Ruminant beslemesinde probiyotik mayalar. Vet Hek Der Derg, 79(3): 37-42.
  • Perfield JW, Bernal-Santos G, Overton TR, Bauman DE, 2002. Effects of dietary supplementation conjugated linoleik asit in dairy cows during establish lactation. J Dairy Sci, 85: 2609- 2617. rumen-protected
  • Petkova E, Venkov T, Stanchev KH, 1983. Effect zeolites on the assimilation of macro- and trace elements in lambs. Vet Med Nauki, 20 (8): 36-40. potassium-calcium
  • Ramos AJ, Hernandez E, 1997. Prevention of aflatoxicosis in farm animals by means of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate addition to feedstuffs. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 65(4): 197-206.
  • Ritzenthaler KL, McGuire MK, Falen R, Shultz TD, Dasgupta N, McGuire MA, 2001. Estimation of conjugated linoleic acid Intake by written dietary assessment methodologies underestimates actual intake evaluated by food duplicate methodology. J Nutr, 131: 1548–1554.
  • Sadeghi AA, Shawrang P, 2006. The effect of natural zeolite on nutrient digestibility, carcass traits and performance of Holstein steers given a diet containing urea. Cambridge Univ Press, 82: 163-167. Anim Sci
  • Sarı M, Bolat D, Çerçi İH, edt., 2008. Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Birinci Baskı. Malatya: Medipres Matbaacılık, ss: 1- 509.
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

B. Kocaoğlu Güçlü This is me

K. Kara This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2010
Submission Date June 24, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Güçlü, B. K., & Kara, K. (2010). Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 43-52.
AMA Güçlü BK, Kara K. Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. March 2010;7(1):43-52.
Chicago Güçlü, B. Kocaoğlu, and K. Kara. “Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 7, no. 1 (March 2010): 43-52.
EndNote Güçlü BK, Kara K (March 1, 2010) Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 7 1 43–52.
IEEE B. K. Güçlü and K. Kara, “Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban”, Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 43–52, 2010.
ISNAD Güçlü, B. Kocaoğlu - Kara, K. “Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 7/1 (March2010), 43-52.
JAMA Güçlü BK, Kara K. Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2010;7:43–52.
MLA Güçlü, B. Kocaoğlu and K. Kara. “Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, 2010, pp. 43-52.
Vancouver Güçlü BK, Kara K. Ruminant Beslemede Alternatif Yem Katkı Maddelerinin Kullanımı: 2. Organik Asit, Yağ Asiti, Adsorban. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 2010;7(1):43-52.
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